tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4469497638421836202024-03-19T03:32:20.744-07:00Assignment Help www.sampleassignment.comAssignment Help, Assignment Expert, Tutor, Homework, Projects, Freelance Writing, Online TutorAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.comBlogger80125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-34141928754450627962014-07-25T06:24:00.002-07:002014-07-25T06:24:33.856-07:00MANAGING ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN AND CHANGE Assignment Help | Organisational Behavior Assignment Help | www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">This portfolio is an in-depth
analysis of the organization from the starting stages of organization to the
last stages, which are an evaluation of the organization stakeholders.
Organizations are part of the business world, and it is important to understand
their formation, working condition and values and their organization.
Businesses are growing entities that develop through inputs to make them into
strong organizations. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 36.0pt 72.0pt 108.0pt 144.0pt 180.0pt 216.75pt;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seminar
Question one<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">An
organization is a systematic arrangement of persons who have common goals. An
organization is a system that is goal oriented and has member who form it to
attain the common goals. Every organization that is formed has its distinct
purpose different from another organization </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(Schermerhorn, 2011)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">. An organization
comprised of is composed of the members who have a common agenda.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> Choo and Bontis (2002)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> in their recent research
found that different organizations have different organizational structures,
and each organization is because each organization was formed for its own
distinct purpose. The organization structures differ in terms of hierarchy;
each organization has its distinct hierarchy chart. Research </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(Robbins and Coulter, 2008) suggests that the reason for the difference in hierarchy
is because each of organizational values, culture and nature of business</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">. </span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;">Kinicki and Williams (2012)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> in their research found
that organization has its unique values and culture and the nature of business
affects its hierarchy. An organization in the banking industry will have a
different structure in comparison to a company in the agriculture industry.
Every industry has a distinctive structure in which organizations in the
industry thrive.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 267.0pt;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seminar
Question Two</span></u></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Understanding the culture in which
an organization operates is very crucial for any interested party (Schermerhorn, 2011). The reason
behind this is that every organization exists within a certain context. From
the definition of an organization, it is formed by person with same ideas,
goals and, therefore, this is a group of people who have an idea of what to
accomplish and by what means to do that (Baligh, 2011). Research (Robbins and Coulter, 2008) suggests
that in order to understand the context of the organization, it will be helpful
in understanding the origin of the arrangement, the common ideas, the culture
of the organization and the values within that organization. Understand the context means coming to terms
with how the organization operates both in the short term and in the long term.<u><o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seminar
Question three<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Every organization must make a
decision at one point while, in the business. It is the nature of the decisions
made that determines the success of such an organization</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> (Cole, 2004).</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
Strategic decision-making is an approach whereby all the aspects are put into
consideration and, therefore, the decision make ensure that there is a
comprehensive plan that ensures efficient utilization of resources in
consideration of current and future business environment to meet both long term
and short-term goal in the organization
(Henry, 2011). Strategic decision makers sometimes use developed
frameworks such as SWOT analysis and PESTEL (Stacey, 1996). These developed
frameworks give an initial analysis of the working condition of the
organization and give the performance of the organization that guides the
decision maker in making a strategic plan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seminar
Question Four<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proton Company Pestle
Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: -10.8pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 684px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 86.2pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-top: solid black 2.25pt; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 86.2pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 80.95pt;" valign="top" width="108">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.85pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Political</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: solid black 2.25pt; height: 86.2pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 84.65pt;" valign="top" width="113">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.85pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Economic</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: solid black 2.25pt; height: 86.2pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 83.5pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.85pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Social</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: solid black 2.25pt; height: 86.2pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 95.35pt;" valign="top" width="127">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.85pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Technology</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: solid black 2.25pt; height: 86.2pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 80.4pt;" valign="top" width="107">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.85pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Legal</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 2.25pt; border-top: solid black 2.25pt; height: 86.2pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 88.15pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.85pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Environmental</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 78.05pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 78.05pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 80.95pt;" valign="top" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">NAFTA policies<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 78.05pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 84.65pt;" valign="top" width="113">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Economic crisis</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 78.05pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 83.5pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Large population</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 78.05pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 95.35pt;" valign="top" width="127">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Competing development
in technology</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 78.05pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 80.4pt;" valign="top" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: 102.75pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">High taxation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 2.25pt; border-top: none; height: 78.05pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 88.15pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: 102.75pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Change in environment pollution policies<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 93.1pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 93.1pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 80.95pt;" valign="top" width="108"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 93.1pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 84.65pt;" valign="top" width="113">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Slow growth and
development of Malaysian economy</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 93.1pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 83.5pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Automobile ownership</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 93.1pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 95.35pt;" valign="top" width="127">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Maturity of technology</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 93.1pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 80.4pt;" valign="top" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Agreement to supply</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 2.25pt; border-top: none; height: 93.1pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 88.15pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;">Increased temperatures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 99.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 2.25pt; border-left: solid black 1.0pt; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 99.15pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 80.95pt;" valign="top" width="108"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 2.25pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 99.15pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 84.65pt;" valign="top" width="113">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Increased the
competition</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 2.25pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 99.15pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 83.5pt;" valign="top" width="111">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Decrease buying pattern
of the consumer</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 2.25pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 99.15pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 95.35pt;" valign="top" width="127">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Potential for
innovation and development</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 2.25pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 99.15pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 80.4pt;" valign="top" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;">Government policies<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 2.25pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 2.25pt; border-top: none; height: 99.15pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 88.15pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;">Increased environmental
awareness<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Proton
is experiencing competition, decrease in sales volume, decrease in the market
share, also is affected significantly by AFTA policies as seen in the PESTLE
analysis. The company has strong government support, and it dominates the
market in term of its market share. Nevertheless, the company level of
technology is low and this might affect it future comparative advantage. To
become successful in the future the company should increase the innovation
level. Through innovation, the organization will be able to produce new model
of cars. The Analysis shows that the company performance is declining and thus
there is a need for new strategies to ensure long-term growth (Asean Affairs,
2009). The company must make a comprehensive plan to ensure that it remains
profitable in the long-run. It must implement strategies that favor growth and
cut losses where possible.</span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seminar
Question Five<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Coca Cola Five Forces
Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<b><span lang="SW">1 Minimal Threat of
New Entrants <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="SW"> There is a low threat from new entrants in the
market. This is because entry is low due to the high initial cost require to
operate sufficiently in the market. The new busunesses increase competation and
cut profitability.</span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<b><span lang="SW">2. The threat from
substitutes.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="SW"> Today the many forms of substitute beverages
that have a significant impact in the beverage industry (The Coca-Cola Company,
2011). Health concerns by consumers have also increased, and more people are
dropping the coke for other beverages. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<b><span lang="SW">3. Minimal threat
from suppliers. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="SW">The main suppliers of
the company are bottles and ingredient suppliers. The commodity ingredient
suppliers have low bargaining power that is
an added advantage to the organisation in terms of cost of production
(The Coca-Cola Company, 2011).<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<b><span lang="SW">4. Moderate
Bargaining Power of Buyers <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="SW">Lare groceries,
supermarkets, restaurants, and convenience stores are the main buyers from Coca
Cola, and they have strong bargaining power which can affect prices. The
company should work on reducing the production cost through economies of scale
and buying from cheaper markets. This will ensure that the strong burgaing
power moderately affects profitability. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<b><span lang="SW">5. Strong
competition from Pepsi.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="SW">The main competitor of
Coca Cola is PepsiCo that been rival more than a century now with the famous
cola wars (The New York Times, 2003). The two brands have tried to stake a
claim in the market.</span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<b><span lang="SW">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="SW">In conclusion, Coco
Cola company has a low level of threat from suppliers and needs to work on
diversifying its products to ensure it competes will the beverage brands in the
market. The company needs to come up with new and innovative products to ensure
that it stays ahead of other major brands. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US">Seminar Question Six<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">After
successful, completing the PESTEL analysis and SWOT analysis, the Mckinsey 7S
can be used to complement the two analyses</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
(Capon, 2009). The McKinsey 7S provide
more in-depth understanding of the current condition of the organization and
its future. The 7S, which are </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">strategy, structure, systems, s</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">kills, staff, style, and shared values</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> enable the decision maker to evaluate both the head element,
which are tangible in nature and easy to control, and a soft, intangible
element in the operation of the organisation (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Stacey,
1996.)</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Research </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(Robbins and Coulter, 2008)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
suggests that </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">all the 7S are
interdependent and can be used after looking at both the external and internal
business environment. The 7S act as complements to help in understanding how
various conditions in the organisation are working, and this will help in
determining the nature of the decision to make.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seminar
Question Seven<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> The cause of either cash user, cash generator
classification is the relative market share and the relative mark growth. In </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">relative market share, the ratio of the market share
of the organisation’s product or service to the share of the market leader is determined.
This gives a analysis of competition in the marketplace. </span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;">At </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Market
growth rate, rapid growth offers greater opportunities to generate wealth. It
also gives rise to opportunities to develop products, services and markets.
Combining the two aspects, we get BGG matrix</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> (Slack et al., 2003)</span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">.</span></b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">An organization
may make a decision in continuing its production even after it has reached its
low returns stage if management is looking for alternatives and if they have
not reached the duration agreed to produce a product</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"> (Stark, 2011)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">.</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-W579RY1JyM0/U9JZsMox_rI/AAAAAAAAF7M/dR2UPcWNg70/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-W579RY1JyM0/U9JZsMox_rI/AAAAAAAAF7M/dR2UPcWNg70/s1600/1.png" height="330" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">info@sampleassignment.com<br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The value
chain shows the flow from research to teaching of students. The value chain has
both the primary and the supportive activities that take place in a university
organization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">To reduce
the cost effectiveness of the value chain, all process should be put under a
collective system that combines all the process</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
(Dawson, 1996).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seminar
Question Nine<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 32px;"><br /></span></div>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Ryan Air, Rolls Royce and BMW competitive advantage</span></div>
<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 53.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 18.2pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 18.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.15pt;" valign="top" width="110">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Advantage<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 18.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 87.55pt;" valign="top" width="117">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ryan Air<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 18.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">BMW<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 18.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.75pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Rolls Royce<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.2pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 18.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.15pt;" valign="top" width="110">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Cost <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 18.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 87.55pt;" valign="top" width="117">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Low<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 18.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 18.2pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.75pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 25.05pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 25.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.15pt;" valign="top" width="110">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Differentiation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 25.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 87.55pt;" valign="top" width="117">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 25.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Broad<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 25.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.75pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Narrow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Position of these
organizations in the Porter Generic Strategy Model<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Low cost Differentiation<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 50.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 61.75pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td rowspan="2" style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 61.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-rotate: 90; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 43.25pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm 5.65pt 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Strategies
Scope<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 61.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-rotate: 90; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 43.25pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm 5.65pt 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Broad<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 61.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 112.35pt;" valign="top" width="150">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Cost
leadership</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ryan Air <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 61.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 119.95pt;" valign="top" width="160">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Differentiation</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> BMW<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 54.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 54.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-rotate: 90; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 43.25pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.65pt; margin-right: 5.65pt; margin-top: 0cm;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Narrow<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 54.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 112.35pt;" valign="top" width="150">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Cost focus</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 54.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 119.95pt;" valign="top" width="160">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Differentiation
focus</span></b><b><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> Rolls Royce<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Ryan Air ensures it produces at low
cost while BMW ensure it has many varieties and Roll Royce is trying to
differentiate its products.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seminar
Question Ten<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">University of Huddersfield Stakeholder Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Stakeholder Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt;" valign="top" width="308">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Stakeholder<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 146.35pt;" valign="top" width="195">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Interest
/ stake<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 84.0pt;" valign="top" width="112">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Importance<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt;" valign="top" width="308">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">University of
Huddersfield Registry<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 146.35pt;" valign="top" width="195">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Data processing
streamlining – removing duplication of data input<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 84.0pt;" valign="top" width="112">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">High<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt;" valign="top" width="308">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">University of Huddersfield Marketing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 146.35pt;" valign="top" width="195">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Module and course information availability– easy
presentation and manipulation of data's ability <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 84.0pt;" valign="top" width="112">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">High<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt;" valign="top" width="308">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">University of Huddersfield Admissions<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 146.35pt;" valign="top" width="195">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Data processing streamlining – removing
duplication of data input.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 84.0pt;" valign="top" width="112">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">High<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt;" valign="top" width="308">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">University of Huddersfield IT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 146.35pt;" valign="top" width="195">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Simplifying of data management Integration and
integrating MIS.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 84.0pt;" valign="top" width="112">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">High<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt;" valign="top" width="308">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">WYLLN Partner Institutions<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 146.35pt;" valign="top" width="195">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> Looking for
possible implementation by observing projects.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 84.0pt;" valign="top" width="112">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Medium<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt;" valign="top" width="308">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">University of Huddersfield (exec/governance)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 146.35pt;" valign="top" width="195">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The institutional strategies incorporate the use of
successful projects.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 84.0pt;" valign="top" width="112">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">High<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 231.05pt;" valign="top" width="308">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Alan Paull<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 146.35pt;" valign="top" width="195">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Accountable for the initial examination of systems
and processes and proposing an implementation plan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 84.0pt;" valign="top" width="112">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">High<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Discussion of Findings<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The entire stakeholders except
WYLLN Partner Institutions have a high interest and importance WYLLN Partner
Institutions has a medium importance level. This means that the University of
Huddersfield should collaborate with all the organization as they have very
significant interests and importance to the university</span><span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"> (Yoon, 2002)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The paper has looked at various
aspects in relation to the organization that help in understanding an
organization structure and analysis the environment so to make the correct
strategic decisions.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">References</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Asean Affairs, 2009,
Malaysia’s Proton Still Needs Government Support<i>. </i>Available at :<
http://www.aseanaffairs.com/page/malaysia%27s_proton_still_needs_government_support>
[Accessed 12 June 2014]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Baligh, H. H. 2011. <i>Organization
Structures: Theory and Design, Analysis and Prescription</i>. Springer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Capon, C, 2009, <i>Understanding the Business Environment. </i>New Jersey: Pearson Education.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Choo, C, & Bontis, N, 2002. <i>The Strategic Management of
Intellectual Capital and Organizational Knowledge</i>. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Cole, G.A., (2004). <i>Management Theory and Practice,</i> 6th ed<i>.</i>
Thomson Learning.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Dawson, S, 1996, <i>Analyzing Organizations</i>.
Hampshire: Macmillan.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Henry, A, 2011, <i>Understanding Strategic Management. </i>2nd ed<i>. </i></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Oxford:
Oxford University Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;">Kinicki, A., & Williams, B, 2012. <i>Management</i>.
McGraw-Hill Higher Education.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Robbins, S, P & Coulter, M, 2008. <i>Management</i>. New Jersey: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pearson
Prentice Hall.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Schermerhorn, J, R, 2011. <i>Introduction to Management.</i> New Jersey: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">John
Wiley & Sons.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Slack N et al., 2003, <i>Cases in Operations Management.</i> New Jersey: </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pearson
Education<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Stacey, R, 1996. <i>Strategic
Management and Organizational Dynamics</i>. 2nd ed. London: Pitman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;">Stark, J, 2011. <i>Product lifecycle management</i>.
Springer London.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW">The Coca-Cola Company, 2011, <i>Annual and Other Reports 2008 – 2010</i>.
</span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW">Available at:
<http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/investors/annual_other_reports.html>(Accessed
12 June 2014)</span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW">The New York Times,2003 . <i>Coke Makes Up with Burger King over Rigged
Test of Frozen Drink</i>. Available at <<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/02/business/coke-makes-up-with-burger-king-over-rigged-test-of-frozen-drink.html">http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/02/business/coke-makes-up-with-burger-king-over-rigged-test-of-frozen-drink.html</a>
(Accessed 12 June 2014)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;">Yoon,.2002. Development of a Structural Model for Tourism
Destination Competitiveness from a Stockholder’s Perspective. <i>Unpublished D
Phil Dissertation</i>. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,
Virginia.27-33.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: SW;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US">Dissertation writing help is something that
every student requires. If you are also looking for a professional service
which can provide you excellent dissertation writing help, you have reached
your destination. You can avail of original dissertations based on thorough
research and appropriate language. Please send your queries/orders to <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a> Our
qualified and sincere writers will help you with exceptional quality
dissertations. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm -7.2pt 0.0001pt 43.2pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="SW" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-38273065427012494602014-07-23T05:27:00.001-07:002014-07-23T05:27:10.112-07:00Tourism Sample Assignment | Tourism Management Assignment Help | Tourism Marketing Assignment Help | www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">CASE PROBLEM: <br />
You are the research director of the Colorado <span class="il">Tourism</span>
Office and plan to conduct a study of <span class="il">tourists</span> visiting
the state to create a profile of the Colorado visitor to help guide advertising
and promotion decisions. What questions will you ask in the study? What
demographic data will you collect? How will you sample visitors to ensure you
have a representative sample? How will you tabulate the results? How will you
present your findings?<br />
Be sure to elaborately answer the questions. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The questions that
could be addressed in the study would be related to the key tourism spots of Colorado.
We will first ask the people about their domicile i.e. whether he or she is
domestic tourist or international tourist, if domestic, then from which state
and if international, then from which country. We will also collect data about
their age, sex, purpose of visit, whether accompanied by family or friends or
business associates. To enhance the representational value of the sample, it
will be my endeavour to collect data from all the entry points that are,
airport, railways and bus stations. Data can also be collected from the gas
stations located at the entrance to the city in order to cover people
travelling in their own vehicles. Further, data will also be collected from
different categories of hotels, motels, camping sites and guest houses. All the
above mentioned factors would be considered and tabulated in a table with a
proper format. These tabulations will be shown to the people and hence
conclusions will be drawn. All parameters will be seen and kept in mind to be
able to make a plan to enhance the tourism industry of Colorado. Prime motive
would be changing the area according to the needs of tourists. Cultural
diversification and hospitality needs can be incorporated to enhance the
tourism. Tourism is a booming industry and its important to weigh all the
factors for developing it.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Psychographic
Market Segmentation<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">It is a type of
segmentation based on the customer’s behaviour.
It basically divides the market according to the lifestyles of the
customers. Other factors that it considers are attitudes, activities and expectations
of the consumers. Knowledge of these can help change the campaigns and
advertisements and promotional activities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The broad categories in
which Psychographic Market Segmentation can be divided are-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Lifestyle of people-
There are differences in the lifestyle pattern of different families and
people. For example, a family having 2 kids and a couple is likely to have a
different schedule as compared to an elderly couple living alone.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Opinions and interests
of people- it covers various spheres like the political opinions of the
customer, recreational options, environment opinions and views on arts and
cultural issues. These opinions do have an impact on what customers prefer and
buy.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Loyalty towards Brands-
certain customers are loyal to a specific brand. They prefer that brand over
all other options. Such preferences help in knowing the buyer’s interest and
buying behaviour.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Occasions- This tells
us about when the product is bought. Having knowledge of purchasing behaviour
of customers can help in segmenting the market according to the customer’s
demands on particular occasions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Benefits- some
consumers look for specific benefits from a product. Marketers can segment the
market according to the benefits the consumers look for in the product. For
example, particular toothpaste, or a particular shampoo etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Usage benefits- markets
can also be segmented according to either the consumers buy light, heavy or
medium level products.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">What might be an
obstacle to the optimistic projections of increased international <span class="il">tourism</span> forecast?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">An optimist projection
of increased international tourism forecast presupposes ideal economic and
political situation. However, we are not living in an ideal world. There can be
many foreseen as well as many unforeseen events which can hamper the growth of
international tourism in any state or even country. These factors can be
summarised as below-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Economic factors<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">International tourism
costs a lot of money. Airfare and accommodation charges constitute the major
chunk of this cost. International tourism will grow only if people have spare
cash. In case of any downturn in the economy the ‘carry home of packets’
dwindle be it the employees or self employed entrepreneurs. In such a scenario,
the axe invariably falls on the budgeted holiday expenditure.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Political factors<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">International tourism
is also depending upon the prevailing political situation in their choice of
destination. No one would like to visit a state or country where the general
atmosphere is marred by protests, violent demonstrations and unrest. Security
concerns in the shape of terrorism threat or an actual terrorist attack may
also force tourists to curtail their visits to a particular area.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jygyijcn764/U8-pKJOln_I/AAAAAAAAF6c/k57E3f8WPeQ/s1600/Leisure-and-Tourism-Management.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jygyijcn764/U8-pKJOln_I/AAAAAAAAF6c/k57E3f8WPeQ/s1600/Leisure-and-Tourism-Management.jpg" height="212" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">info@sampleassignment.com</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Can <span class="il">tourism</span>
enhance and improve a destination area’s cultural and hospitality resources? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">When a destination
starts exploring its tourism capabilities, it tries to change the overall
outlook of the area. Every aspect of the nation is taken care of to invite
international tourists to the country. This helps in giving boost to the tourism
industry of the nation. To attract business or recreational tourism, the area
develops all its factors. Cultural and hospitality are taken major care of. All
the major hotels and motels focus on enhancing the cultural diversities of the
nation. The attention of the world is directed towards the nation through its
diverse and different culture. The staff and other attendants in the hotel or
motel are trained to handle the customers with utmost attention and care. They
give extra attention to the tourists. They know how to behave with them and
handle them with patience if a problem arises. Hence, it can be seen that the
tourism can improve culture and hospitality of the destination. It also
provides a sense of belongingness towards their area in the hearts of people.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">What do you think the
future of space <span class="il">tourism</span> will be?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Space tourism is
referred to as the travel of space for recreation or business activities. Many
corporations have started up hoping to covert space tourism into a booming
industry. Russian Space Agency is the only company providing orbital space
tourism. But, this is expensive and limited in nature. This tourism industry is
new in the market and can become a million dollar market in the coming years.
In the last decade, 8 citizens have paid around 20 million dollars for space
travel. Around 500 tickets have been sold by Virgin Galactic agency. The price
and sales of tickets is expected to rise by next year. Many organizations like
Space Tourism Society have been formed to advertise and promote space tourism.
But there are problems about environment which are likely to crop up. Climatic
system can become imbalance due to rise in temperature. Ozone layer can also be
affected and there can be an imbalance around the poles as well.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></u></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Contact </span></b><span lang="EN-US"><a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com"><b><span style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">info@sampleassignment.com</span></b></a></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/"><b><span style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">www.sampleassignment.com</span></b></a></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Let
“who will <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">write my paper</span>”
be a qu</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">estion
of the past. Sample Assignment</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"> is here, at your
service. Our <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">research
paper writing service</span> is the best place to <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">buy research papers</span>. Our high level of
professionalism, excellent writers, excellent customer support system and
punctuality in delivering quality papers are some of the reasons you should
seek our services. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Sample Assignment</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">
will give you something to smile about. </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-19509247453934911702014-07-22T04:54:00.003-07:002014-07-22T04:54:39.745-07:00Finance Assignment Help | Financial Management Assignment Help | www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US"><b>Buying back of shares is a dangerous financial strategy as it
increases the company’s capital gearing”</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Over time, organizations have been in the dilemma of the effects
that various financial actions on their leverage. While the some of these
actions have no effect on gearing ratios, they affect other aspects of the
organization. One of the actions that a company undertakes in its course of
life is a share repurchase. A share or stock repurchase is the act of an
organization purchasing some or all of its shares from the existing stock
holders. This can be done in phases or in one time offer. There are various
implications of this move. One of them is signaling. A share repurchase does
signal different and conflicting information to shareholders and potential
buyers. It could be a signal that the management views their stock as
undervalued in the market. By repurchasing the investors see this as a sign of
higher future returns. It also reflects the fact that the organization lacks
profitable projects to invest in. In this case, they will not be motivated to
buy.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">A stock buyback also has some profound effects on a firms leverage
or gearing. The degree of financial leverage measures how a firm’s cash flows
change with the fluctuation in operating income. The degree of operating
leverage reflects the sensitivity of income to fluctuations in sale revenue.
Therefore, change in the cash available has an effect on the degree of a firm’s
leverage because it is paid with cash from the organization’s reserves.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Organizations repurchase their stock from the existing shareholders
for various reasons. A firm may repurchase some or its entire stock if, in
their view, it is undervalued. The company’s stock prices may be pushed down by,
for example, poor economic conditions. The management may be having more
information than the investors about the stock price. Their expectations of
future earnings are unknown to the investors. In the event of a buyback, it may
signal to investors that the market has lowered it prices below their expected
price. A company may also repurchase some of its stock to avoid dilution. Increase
in shares erodes share value as well as weaken it financial outlook. Buyback
can be used to reverse this effect.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Another motivation for a stock repurchase is to improve its
financial indicators like financial gearing and EPS (earnings per share). An
indicator such as return on assets increases because the company’s overall
assets diminish with buy back. Cash is taken as an asset hence the decline in
assets. Buying back shares requires use of a company’s cash reserves eroding
its assets. The return of equity also improves because the number of shares
diminishes as a result of a buyback. Stock repurchase can be used to avoid a takeover.
Improved financial indices coupled with increased value of stock can shield a
firm from a hostile takeover. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">The notion that share buyback is a dangerous strategy as it
increases the company’s capital gearing is a valid one. However, the benefits
outweigh the disadvantages. A share repurchase essentially refers to a company buying
back its equity stock from the existing shareholders. This involves the use of
cash reserves to finance this project.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
This increases a firms gearing by reducing the overall value of outstanding
shares.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
The increase in gearing increases the overall value of the firm but increases
its exposure to risk. The benefits that a firm derives from the repurchase far
much outweigh the risk involved. The firm, however, has to find the optimal
tradeoff between the risk and the benefits. There is an optimum point at which their
risk is unbearable and can lead to liquidation. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Stock is usually charged a withholding tax. By selling back their shares;
investors are not taxed as would be the case with a cash dividend. This implies
that investors stand to benefit from the capital gain.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Another important benefit that arises from the stock repurchase is the
flexibility associated with the practice. It gives the company another option
of distributing excess income to shareholders. There is managerial reluctance
to increase cash dividends. As a result, managers, issue excess cash to the
company stock holders by buying back their shares. This way, they can keep a
stable dividend policy while still passing excess cash flow to shareholders.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">According to Acta,<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
other motivations for buybacks are better explained by investments and leverage
hypothesis. Leverage hypothesis talks about adjustments in the organization’s
capital structure or the change in the ratio of debt to equity ratio with time.
Companies that are overcapitalized would wish to adjust their leverage ratios.
This makes stock repurchase a useful tool for this purpose. This effect
originates from a decrease in a company’s equity as a result of a repurchase.
It also emanates from an increase in leverage if the company chooses to use
debt to finance stock repurchase. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Investment hypothesis, on the other hand, offers that rise in share
buyback and payout has a direct relationship with a decline in viable
investment projects. A firm issuing dividend payout and share repurchase are an
indication that a company is lacking investment opportunities. That is why it
will issue excess cash buy back shares because they do not want to raise the
payout ratio. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Another hypothesis about stock repurchase is about free cash flow. A
buyback in this case is a reflection that the management is not willing to
channel capital to unviable uses. Availability of free cash balances increases
stock repurchases.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
This is so because a repurchase is associated with payment flexibility. Flexibility
derives from the common knowledge that a company has an alternative method of
distributing its earnings to shareholders. Shareholders, on the other hand, prefer
this method because of the tax advantage. If they are going to make considerable
capital gains, shareholders will not stand to lose any income to the tax
authority.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">There is a strong correlation between a leverage ratio and weak
portfolio returns.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Accordingly the debt overhang theory suggests offers that an increase in
leverage raises the chances that a firm might have to forego viable investment
opportunities in the future. The simple reason is that the project’s NPV will
end up being less than the initial outlay after adjustments for debt
obligations. The firm stays under invested as a result of the repurchase. Therefore,
one can say that a decrease in a company gearing can decrease the real
investment by the firm. In an organization low investment of funds reduces its
potential for growth. Therefore, for those keen on the market, a share buyback
should always worry them because everything remaining constant the stock price
will decrease further in the event of a buyback.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">There is also an argument suggesting that the risk of default has a
price. When a firms gearing increases, it also increases a firm’s probability
of defaulting on future debt obligations. If; therefore, there is a price tag
to the increase in leverage, the stock price will come down as fast. The stock market
reacts with a decrease in prices as a result of the excess debt capacity that
the firm is taking making it more prone to liquidation than if had no debt.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Dimitrov and Jain in a 2008 study find that there is a strong
negative connection between fluctuation in gearing and stock returns for the
current and coming year yields on stock. They propose that a firm can increase
its level of debt when they predict that their performance will decline. Their
major point of argument is that gearing ratios communicate volumes about a
company performance especially the future yields from the stock.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Greater gearing increases the likelihood that a firm might
experience a debt overhang. As a result, the firm value will decline. There is
no direct negative relationship between gearing and indicators of future
performance from operations. These include Return on Assets and Earnings before
interest tax depreciation and amortization (EBITDA). These two are not prone to
effects of interest charges on leverage. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Nevertheless, high gearing has a profound effect on the performance
of the company. To understand this, there are factors that influence a
company’s gearing. One of these factors is sales or profits. Companies with
stable earnings and growths rates are better placed to use debt financing. This
is because they can sustain the interest charges that accrue from the debt.
They are also able to repay the capital in time. The higher the profits, the
higher the gearing a firm can use. Another factor affecting the level of gearing
in a company is the interest charges. In the event that a firm is in a high
risk position, then it cannot borrow more to finance its operations. If at all
it can borrow, then the interest cost would be high to cover the risk. A
company also needs enough cash flow to meet current obligations as they arise. Previous
loan covenants can restrict a company from acquiring additional debt to finance
operations. An example of a borrowing restriction is a loan covenant.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">A lender also considers the industry trends and norms before
advancing credit to the company.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Highly volatile sector companies will have low leverage ratios because of the
unpredictability of the company returns. Those in stable industries have relatively
stable revenue and can maintain a higher leverage ratio. Security is also
another major factor affecting a company’s leverage. A lending institution will
need security for their debt instruments. If a security is not available; a
firm cannot raise additional capital. Stake holders have a say in the company’s
capital structure. While the managers are the ones in control of the company’s
leverage ratios, stakeholders also have their say in the same. Their attitude
towards the financial risk that a higher leverage places on a company will
determine a company’s gearing. Availability of alternative sources of funds
also affects how a company is geared. If the company can get cheaper
alternatives to borrowing, it will most probably go for it. This will dictate
if a firm is going to use additional debt to finance operations.<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">It is clear that a stock repurchase will affect a company’s level of
gearing. This is because as the company repurchases its shares it will need
cash to give back to shareholders. This cash can be from their internal
earnings or borrowed. Either way it will have an effect on the level of
gearing. This change in leverage comes as a result of changes in the cash
balances of the company.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Companies retain earnings to reinvest in projects with a positive.
The reason is that retained earnings bear no extra costs to the organization.
When a company is retains earnings, it foregoes the option of raising extra
capital through expensive methods like selling or issuing shares or purchasing
debt instruments. When a company wants to buy back shares, it has to use the
excess cash it has to finance the operation. This cash could have been employed
into another project if there is one. This shows that a firm that is
repurchasing its shares lacks profitable projects to invest in. This signal is
bad for business because in an imperfect market where only the management knows
the real motivation for a share buyback. In that case, investors are going to
judge that the firm has run out of investment ideas and can only buy back its
shares to distribute earnings.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"> The purchase of shares using
cash reserves reduces the assets of the company. The reduction in the number of
assets increases a company’s leverage. If the company purchases debt
instruments then the leverage ratio increases further. An increase in company
leverage has its implications. One, the increase in debt increases the value of
the firm. Secondly, it increases company’s exposure to risk. Organizations need
to strike a balance between risk and benefit. The organizations </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Firm value under two scenarios reveals that a levered firm yields a
higher firm value theoretically. It also shows that the firm has more returns
due to the tax effect on debt.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US">Hypothetical
case</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US">The
assumption that a firm can use excess cash to buy back its shares is
illustrated as shown below. The action reduces the number of outstanding
shares. The net income remains income might remain constant, but the EPS will
rise after the buy back. This means that the buyback will reduce the number of
shares that the earnings will be distributed to in the future. A dividend is
taxed at a certain percentage depending on the country policies. The use if
share back could be a great way to maximize the shareholders wealth.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US">ABC COMPANY’S
POST BUYBACK PROJECTIONS BY MANAGEMENT </span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">ITEM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">CURRENT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">AFTER BUYBACK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">NET INCOME<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">1,000 DOLLARS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">1,000 DOLLARS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">ORDINARY SHARES<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">200<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">100<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">EQUITY<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">10,000 DOLLARS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">5,000 DOLLARS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Earnings Per Share<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">5 DOLLARS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">10 DOLLARS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">P/E Multiple<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">10 times<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">10 times<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">PRICE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">50 DOLLARS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%;">100 DOLLARS.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US">From above
it is clear that the investors benefit from a rise in earnings per share (EPS)
as well as an increase in the share price</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US">The
company’s Earnings before Interest and Tax is fifty thousand dollars and management
forecasts that it is going to increase by ten percent in the next period after
buy back.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US">A report by
the company shows that the sales for the ABC Company were one hundred thousand
and are expected to rise by five percent in the next accounting cycle (period
after buy back), the degree of combined leverage (financial and operating
leverage)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">As a conclusion, it is clear from the above that the company is
highly levered as much as the gains from the share buyback are high. The value
of the firm if it decided to use debt to finance its operations in future will
be greater than if it did not have debt. However, it will be riskier than a
company which has a low leverage. The tax advantage will be huge, as well.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">BIBLIOGRAPHY<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Alpha Dhanani
and Roydon Roberts. <i>“Corporate Share
Repurchases; The perceptions and <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Practices of UK financial
managers and corporate investors”</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">. Edinburgh, Scotland: Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland, (2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Cai, J and
Zhang, Z. <i>Leverage change, debt overhang
and stock prices</i>. (Philadelphia, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Drexel University; 2010). 3-21<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Grullon,
Gustavo & David, L. <i>What do we know
about stock repurchases</i>? Journal of applied <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">corporate finance 13:1 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">(2000) 31-51<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Malcolm, A.<i> Gearing</i>. ACCA (2000) retrieved March
17, 2014 from <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">http://www2.accaglobal.com/archive/2888864/31074?session=fffffffeffffffff0a01213951271d185af215fce2ae09d76d2193f0ed964abe<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Myers, S. C.
<i>Determinants of Corporate Borrowing</i>.
Journey of Financial Economics 5, (1977) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">: 141-179<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Ross, A.,
Westerfield, R. and Jaffe, J. <i>Corporate
Finance</i>. 7<sup>th</sup> edition, (Irwin, 2005)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">University
of Wasaensia. <i>Liquidity effects, timing
and reasons for open market share <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">repurchases</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt;">. ACTA WASAENSIA 133. (2004): 8-63<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="line-height: 200%;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 200%;"> S A Ross and R W Westerfield and J F Jaffe: corporate Finance, 7<sup>th</sup>
edition, Irwin, 2005</span></div>
<div>
<div id="ftn1">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Alpha Dhanani and Roydon Roberts: Corporate Share Repurchases; The
perceptions and Practices of UK Financial Managers and Corporate Investors.
Edinburgh, Scotland: Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland, 2009.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Acta Wasaensia on liquidity Effects timing and reasons for open
market share repurchases. University of Wasaensia, 2004.pg 10- </span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Acta Wasaensia</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Grullon et al 2000: what we about stock repurchase</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Jie Cai and Zhe Zhang</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn7">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Myers 1977: corporate borrowing</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn8">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Cai and Zhan 2004. The market price reaction to leverage is affects
even firms with a healthy financial record. </span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn9">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Myers 1977</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn10">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Myers, 1977</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn11">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/Office/2014/Sample%20Assignment/Finance/Finance%20Order%20Revision.docx#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> Malcolm Anderson 2000. About gearing and the effects factors
affecting gearing</span><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: large;"><b><u><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></u></b></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US">We do not just offer research paper
services. We have other services including writing dissertations, book reports,
editing and proofreading, lab reports and admission essays among others. Our
team of experts </span><span lang="EN-US">at Sample Assignment</span><span lang="EN-US"> have
high degrees including MA’s and PHD’s. We guarantee you a 100% plagiarism free
original research papers. Our papers are well written, free from grammatical
mistakes and come at competitive prices that fits your needs. <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">Buy research papers</span> from </span><span lang="EN-US">Sample Assignment</span><span lang="EN-US"> now!</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Contact
</span></b><span lang="EN-US"><a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com"><b><span style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">info@sampleassignment.com</span></b></a></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<span lang="EN-US"><b>
</b></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/"><b><span style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">www.sampleassignment.com</span></b></a></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-81203409197144695062014-07-22T04:52:00.004-07:002014-07-22T04:52:58.352-07:00New Zealand Workplace Safety Sample Assignment | Health Care Sample Assignment | www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">One of the largest sectors of New Zealand’s tradable
economy is the Farming. According to an analysis done in 2006, Farming
contributed about 2/3<sup>rd</sup>’s of exported goods. For March year ending
2002, farm exports valued nearly $14.8 billion. New Zealand’s farming sector is
said to be <i>unique</i>, as it is the only
developed country which is exposed to International markets. Also, New Zealand
is member of a group named <i>Cairns Group</i>,
which aims at having free trade in agricultural goods. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Looking at the analysis of Farming sector, one can
come to the conclusion that Farming is one of the important sector of New
Zealand and contributes for good trade economy. Though it got priority, many
accidents occur in Farming claiming lives of many people. According to a survey
done in January 2012, Farming claimed a life every 3 weeks on an average and
was reported as a “<i>deadliest job in New
Zealand</i>”. Farming is categorised under riskiest occupation followed by
forestry, transport, construction etc. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">The Director of Farmers for Farm Safety Limited,
D’Arcy Palmer, made a statement on farm related deaths as “<i>having a Pike River Coalmine tragedy in farming every year</i>”. Analysing
the above mentioned statement one can realize that Farming has become riskiest
job and soon measures is to be taken to avoid any accidents. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">In New Zealand quad bikes are widely used in farms
for work purposes. These quad bikes are to be handled and ridden properly as
they can cause serious accidents and can claim lives. Quad bikes are involved
in approximately 28 percent of all work-related farm deaths and 850 people are
injured every year on New Zealand farms while riding quad bikes.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Statistics<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Now, let us have a look at few statistics on
accidents in New Zealand’s Farming.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Department
of Labour</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> figures showed
that 36 people died in workplace accidents at end of <i>November 2011</i>; which included death of <i>14 farmers</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Van Der Pasch died
of a terminal head injury when his quad bike rolled on to his head in
September 2011.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Death of a <i>Pahiatua farmer</i> crushed by a hay
bale in <i>July 2011</i>.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Resident of
Kenepuru, New Zealand <i>Roger Bennett,
68</i>, got injured while mowing lawns at a Bach on <i>December 21, 2011</i>. The retired school principal died five days
later from the injuries.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Recently in month of <i>January 2014</i>, a 6-year old boy was
killed in a quad bike accident.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Statistics mentioned above are few among the
accidents caused in farming workplace. There are many points which are to be
analysed by looking at statistics so as to take measures and avoid such
accidents. The analysis on Farming related accidents is described in this
section. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Key findings showed that the victims riding quad
bike were mainly middle-aged or old aged and they were farm owners or managers
and few self-employed. Although they had many years of experience in farming, most
were <i>untrained</i> in quad bike use. Quad
bike accident victims were mainly the rider of the bike. Riding a quad bike
includes many <i>potential hazards</i> such
as: quad bike towing an implement in large proportion and also, in contrast,
only a small proportion carried a load. Table below shows the Employment
situation by experience of farming in New Zealand.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7wpCEJLQ--M/U85Pg1pdNsI/AAAAAAAAF6E/SkrKk74qoac/s1600/111.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-7wpCEJLQ--M/U85Pg1pdNsI/AAAAAAAAF6E/SkrKk74qoac/s1600/111.png" height="152" width="640" /></a></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-j6osPCiztDk/U85PoQJ4llI/AAAAAAAAF6M/Fyvbszx3Vbc/s1600/112.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-j6osPCiztDk/U85PoQJ4llI/AAAAAAAAF6M/Fyvbszx3Vbc/s1600/112.png" height="360" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">info@sampleassignment.com<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">A six-year old boy, </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">Charlie Vercoe</i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;"> was killed in a quad bike crash in 2014 January. Reason
for his death was, he itself was riding the adult-size quad bike which is not
at all recommended for kids. Charlie got pinned under the machine after it got
submerged. He was trapped under bike for several minutes and soon he was freed
by fire-fighters. He was rushed to hospital and later died. When investigated
on this case, initial indications were that Charlie lost control over the bike
and the quad bike rolled before landing in a ditch of water.</span>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Analysis also shows that lack
of training and no use of helmets were among the main reasons for the
accidents. Looking at the accidents caused due to quad bikes in farming, <i>Coroner Brandt Shortland</i><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 200%;"> raised a
ban on using quad bikes for farming purpose but later withdrew the statement
stating that quad bikes were <i>vital farm
tool</i>. <i>Shortland</i> recommended “</span><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Children should be prevented
from riding adult quad bikes and they should not be referred to as <i>all-terrain vehicles</i>, as that was
misleading”.</span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Measures taken<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Department of Labour’s conducted a safety campaign on
the awareness of quad bike riding and passed four important messages given
below:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Riders must be trained / experienced to do this job<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Choose right vehicle for the job<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Always wear a helmet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Do not let kids ride adult quad bikes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">There was highest awareness on the message “wear
helmet” as it’s very important and the seriousness of this message was near to
48%. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">The <i>Accident
Compensation Corporation (ACC</i>) teamed up with Federated Farmers and
launched a new campaign to give awareness of human causes of accidents. They estimated
that every 28 minutes a farmer in New Zealand is injured and every 23 days, a
farmer dies from a work-related accident. Also, ACC carried out research under
a Programme named ‘Human Factors in Farming’ to find out injuries caused to
farmers in farms. ACC paid nearly $65 million in 2011 to account for farmer’s
deaths and injuries. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Keith said “<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Our research has shown that tiredness, time pressures,
poor maintenance of equipment or bad choices were common factors in preventable
accidents. Taking the time to plan ahead, to maintain your equipment, to drive
your quad bike around the long way instead of straight up the hill in extreme
weather or leaving that irritable cow for another day are all good choices that
could prevent an injury, as well as save you time and money in the long run”.</span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Statistics shows that quad bikes are the main cause of
the farmer’s accidents and deaths. Safety measures are to be taken while riding
quad bikes. Wearing helmet is the primary precaution to be taken while riding
quad bike. Also it is to be taken care that quad bikes are not to be used as ‘<i>all terrain vehicle’</i>. Most importantly,
kids are to be kept away from adult quad bikes as there have been cases of
deaths in New Zealand. Training to the riders is to be given before riding quad
bikes. Having experience in farming doesn’t mean having experience in riding
quad bikes. So training is a must. It is to be made sure that non-trained
farmers are not to be given quad bikes.</span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Action Plan<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;"> Actions to be
taken to avoid accidents in farm workplace are described below:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Every rider should undergo training to ride quad bike so that
there will be very less chances of accidents. Riders with good experience are
to be given priority to handle quad bikes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Choosing right vehicle for right job. Before riding any quad
bike its manual is to be checked properly and know about carrying passengers,
as most manuals suggest not carrying any passenger. Also one should be sure of
the bike’s load limits.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Simple precaution to avoid any quad bike accident is wearing
of helmets. Proper communication with the worker is important and wearing of
helmets to be made compulsory.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Manufacturers of quad bikes have set age limits for riding
these bikes. Care should be taken before letting anyone ride the bike. Kids
should be kept away from riding quad bikes. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Proper maintenance of quad bikes is necessary so as to
operate them in safe condition. Speed of quad bikes is to be kept uniform and
under speed limits when riding on slopes or rough terrain areas. One should be
in senses when driving quad bikes and both hands are to be used to ride.</span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">References<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 60.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Marika Hill “<i>Farm is
deadliest workplace</i>” Retrieved from <a href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/6205517/Farm-is-deadliest-workplace">http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/6205517/Farm-is-deadliest-workplace</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 60.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">WorkSafe New Zealand “<i>Quad
Bike Safety</i>” Retrieved from <a href="http://www.business.govt.nz/worksafe/information-guidance/national-programmes/quad-bike-safety">http://www.business.govt.nz/worksafe/information-guidance/national-programmes/quad-bike-safety</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 60.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Louise
Berwick “</span><i><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;">Six-year-old boy killed driving adult quad bike</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;">” </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Retrieved
from <a href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/agribusiness/9581925/Six-year-old-boy-killed-driving-adult-quad-bike">http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/agribusiness/9581925/Six-year-old-boy-killed-driving-adult-quad-bike</a></span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h1 style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 60.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;">ACC. (2011) “<i>New campaign to prevent on-farm accidents</i>”
</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Retrieved from <a href="http://www.acc.co.nz/news/WPC096790">http://www.acc.co.nz/news/WPC096790</a></span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h1 style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; margin-left: 60.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;">5.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;">“</span><i><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%;">Coroner considered quad bike ban call</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%;">” </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Retrieved from <a href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/agribusiness/9386435/Coroner-considered-quad-bike-ban-call">http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/agribusiness/9386435/Coroner-considered-quad-bike-ban-call</a></span></h1>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">www.sampleassignment.com</span></u></b></div>
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="EN-US">We do not just offer research paper
services. We have other services including writing dissertations, book reports,
editing and proofreading, lab reports and admission essays among others. Our
team of experts </span><span lang="EN-US">at Sample Assignment</span><span lang="EN-US"> have
high degrees including MA’s and PHD’s. We guarantee you a 100% plagiarism free
original research papers. Our papers are well written, free from grammatical
mistakes and come at competitive prices that fits your needs. <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">Buy research papers</span> from </span><span lang="EN-US">Sample Assignment</span><span lang="EN-US"> now!</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Contact
</span></b><span lang="EN-US"><a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com"><b><span style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">info@sampleassignment.com</span></b></a></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/"><b><span style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: small;">www.sampleassignment.com</span></span></b></a></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri Light","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-85900065487263987832014-07-18T01:55:00.002-07:002014-07-18T01:55:54.497-07:00Statistics Assignment Help | SPSS Assignment Help | Statistics Homework Help | SPSS Online Assignment Help | www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 12.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Summary<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Science Score had a mean of 51.85 (<i>SD</i> = 9.90). Math Score had a mean of
52.65 (<i>SD</i> = 9.37). Read Score had a
mean of 52.23 (<i>SD</i> = 10.25). Further,
shape of histograms together box-plots suggested an approximate normal
distribution for all these variables. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Among
200, 84% of schools were of Public type and 16% of schools were of Private
type. In Types of Programs, 22.5% had general program, 52.50% had academic
programs and 25% had vocational programs. There was a significant association
prevailing between Types of programs and Types of schools.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Math
and reading scores had highest coefficient of correlation in the tune of 0.662.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">The prediction equation thrown by regression analyis was , <i>Science score = 16.76 + 0.667*Math score</i>.
Overall the model was found fit as the <i>F</i>-statistics
was significant with a <i>p</i>-value as
0.000. Math score was able to explain approximately 40% of total variance in
science score. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Social
Studies scores had mean 52.405 and standard deviation as 10.736. There were 109
females and 91 males out of total of 200 cases. 147 cases had shown writing
score less than 60, whereas 53 cases had scored equal to more than 60. Low,
middle and high categories of ses were 47, 95 and 58 respectively. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
prediction equation for predicting Science scores thrown by multiple linear
regression was: <i>Science score = 12.325 +
0.389*math score + 0.05*social studies score + 0.335*reading score
-2.010*female</i>. Predictors were able to
explain approximately 49% of total variance in science score. There was no linear relationship
between female and science score found through t-test. Confidence Interval for
regression coefficient of female were found between -4.0202 and 0.0002 at 95%
level. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Logistic
regression Model was found fit as Hosmer Lameshow Chi-square statistics was
found non-significant. The Logistic regression equation was found as: <i>Honcomp = -10.201 + 0.098*read + 0.066*science
+ 0.110*ses. </i>Overall classification accuracy was found as 78.51% with
91.80% for group-0 and 41.50% for group-1. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Other
than attsc4, first 5 items measuring attitude towards schools were found in
second factor. Factor analysis had thrown twelve factors. However, based on
scree plot, it is recommended that we should consider only three factors.
Factor loading tells us the relationship between individual items with their
corresponding factors. When only two factors were extracted, all ten items
measuring attitude towards school belonged to second factor. Internal
consistency of variables measuring attitude towards school was found ok. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Conclusions:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Science,
Math, Read, Write, Social studies were found approximately normal. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Significant
association between Types of programs and Types of schools was found through
Chi-square test.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
coefficients of correlation between science, math and reading score were found
between 0.630 and 0.661. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Scatter plot showed a
positive relationship between science and math scores.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">The
simple linear regression for predicting Science score with math score as independent
variable had R-square as 39.80%. The model was found fit.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">The
multiple linear regression for predicting Science score with math score, social
studies score, reading score and female as independent variables had R-square
as 48.90%. the model was found fit. Linear relationship between female and
science score was not confirmed by T-test. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Overall classification
accuracy was found as 78.51% with 91.80% for group-0 and 41.50% for group-1
through Logistic regression model for predicting honcomp. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Based
on scree plot, we should consider only three factors. The internal consistency of
variables measuring attitude towards school was ok. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Recommendations<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Science
score was better predicted by Multiple regression model hence should be used for
prediction. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Classification
accuracies were comparatively very low in group-0 against group-1, hence,
alternate models should be explored. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Analyst/researcher
should use the factor analysis results along with his past experience and
judgment for data reduction purpose. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3.1.1
Summary of science, math and read scores.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Descriptive
statistics has been shown in Table 3.1.1-1: <i>Descriptives</i>
and Histograms and Box plots are shown in Figure 3.1.1-1: <i>Histograms and Box Plots.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Science Score had a mean of 51.85 (<i>SD</i> = 9.90). The median value was found
as 53.23 which was almost same as that of mean. Hence, mean can be considered
as a reasonable estimator of central tendency. Minimum and maximum values were
found as 26 and 74. Skewness and kurtosis values were found within +,- 2 and
shape of histogram together suggested an approximate normal distribution.
Further, box-plots had not shown any outliers.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Math Score had a mean of 52.65 (<i>SD</i> = 9.37). The median value was found as 52.00 which was almost
same as that of mean. Hence, mean can be considered as a reasonable estimator
of central tendency. Minimum and maximum values were found as 33 and 75. Skewness
and kurtosis values were found within +,- 2 and shape of histogram together
suggested an approximate normal distribution. Further, box-plots had not shown
any outliers. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Read Score had a mean of 52.23 (<i>SD</i> = 10.25). The median value was found as 50.00 which was almost
same as that of mean. Hence, mean can be considered as a reasonable estimator
of central tendency. Minimum and maximum values were found as 28 and 76.
Skewness and kurtosis values were found within +,- 2 and shape of histogram
together suggested an approximate normal distribution. Further, box-plots had
not shown any outliers. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Table
3.1.1-1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Descriptives<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 4.7pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 365px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td colspan="2" style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Descriptive Statistics<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">science<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">math<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">read<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mean<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">51.85<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">52.65<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">52.23<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td rowspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 56.35pt;" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">95% Confidence
Interval for Mean<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 73.65pt;" width="98">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lower Bound<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">50.47<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">51.34<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">50.80<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 73.65pt;" width="98">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Upper Bound<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">53.23<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">53.95<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">53.66<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">5% Trimmed Mean<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">51.96<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">52.39<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">52.14<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Median<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">53.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">52.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">50.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Variance<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">98.03<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">87.77<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">105.12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Std. Deviation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.90<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.37<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">10.25<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Minimum<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">26.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">33.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">28.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Maximum<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">74.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">75.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">76.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Range<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">48.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">42.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">48.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Interquartile Range<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">14.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">14.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">16.00<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Skewness<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">-0.19<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.29<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.20<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 130.0pt;" width="173">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kurtosis<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">-0.56<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">-0.65<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">-0.62<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Figure
3.1.1-1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Histograms and Box
Plots<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.45pt;" valign="top" width="82">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Variable↓<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 197.15pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Histogram<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 220.2pt;" valign="top" width="294">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Box plot</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-dobyHeVBP-o/U8jbF_vP3mI/AAAAAAAAF3E/4SqQ-G81aBQ/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-dobyHeVBP-o/U8jbF_vP3mI/AAAAAAAAF3E/4SqQ-G81aBQ/s1600/1.jpg" height="640" width="544" /></a><b style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3.1.2
(a) Table of <i>type of school</i> and type
of <i>program</i>.</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Interpretation of Row and Column
percentages:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Screen shot 3.1.2-1: <i>Cross tabulation</i> shows percentages within each cells. Overall
Public schools were 84% and Private schools were 16%. Under types of program,
general. Academic and vocation were 22.50%, 52,50% and 25% respectively. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Within
Public type of schools, general were 19.50%, academic were 40.50% and vocation
were 24%. Within Private type of schools, general were 3%, academic were 12%
and vocation were only 1%. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Screen
shot 3.1.2-1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Cross tabulation<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NmPOyQ4cpsE/U8jbj7QQQSI/AAAAAAAAF3I/Y1leSRkrDMw/s1600/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NmPOyQ4cpsE/U8jbj7QQQSI/AAAAAAAAF3I/Y1leSRkrDMw/s1600/2.png" height="438" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3.1.2
(b) Association between <i>type of school</i>
and type of <i>program</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hypotheses were designed as follows:</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JDTob4bHg3A/U8jb8l5H8lI/AAAAAAAAF3Q/Z_i6uXJ2kRU/s1600/3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JDTob4bHg3A/U8jb8l5H8lI/AAAAAAAAF3Q/Z_i6uXJ2kRU/s1600/3.png" height="60" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.399999618530273px;">SPSS Output is shown in Screen shot 3.1.2-1 for Chi-square test. The chi-square statistics was found as 9.269 with 2 degrees of freedom and significance value was less than the level of significance, 5%. This indicated the rejection of null hypothesis and we can conclude that a significant association between both the types was existing. Further, the strength of association, as indicated by Phi was found as 0.215.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.399999618530273px;">Screen shot 3.1.2-1:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.399999618530273px;">Chi-square tests</span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eA4dznp_8rg/U8jcRSTFJuI/AAAAAAAAF3Y/Lbi1LNSFWT4/s1600/4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eA4dznp_8rg/U8jcRSTFJuI/AAAAAAAAF3Y/Lbi1LNSFWT4/s1600/4.png" height="416" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.399999618530273px;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3.1.3
Correlation between <i>science, math </i>and
<i>read</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Screen shot 3.1.3:<i> Correlations</i> shows the SPSS output for bi-variate correlation
analysis. The maximum correlation was found between Math and Read in the tune
of 0.662 followed by Science and Math as 0.631. Almost the same correlation was
found between Science and Read as 0.630.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Screen shot 3.1.3:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Correlations</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UmNGUh2G2VQ/U8jccvK9TpI/AAAAAAAAF3g/b-CNRm5EAQo/s1600/5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UmNGUh2G2VQ/U8jccvK9TpI/AAAAAAAAF3g/b-CNRm5EAQo/s1600/5.png" height="300" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3.1.4
Scatter plot between <i>science</i> and <i>math</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Screen shot 3.1.4:<i> Scatter Plot</i> shows the SPSS output for scatter plot between <i>Science</i> and <i>Math</i> scores. The trend line shows that there is a Positive
relationship existing between two variables. Further, the coefficient of
determination is 0.398 which shows that 39.80 percent of total variance in
Science score was explained by Math scores. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Screen shot 3.1.4:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Scatter
Plot</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-c7ZGH_ZpYEg/U8jcm3PnfOI/AAAAAAAAF3o/ihCT4p62Sew/s1600/6.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-c7ZGH_ZpYEg/U8jcm3PnfOI/AAAAAAAAF3o/ihCT4p62Sew/s1600/6.png" height="446" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3.1.5
Simple Linear Regression between <i>science</i>
and <i>math</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Screen
shot 3.1.5:<i> Regression Output</i> shows
the SPSS output for Simple Linear Regression between <i>Science</i> (Response Variable) and <i>Math</i>
scores (Explanatory Variable). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
relationship between Science and Math scores were found positive as indicated
by the positive sign of regression coefficient 0.667. The linearity of
relationship was further supported by the significance value of regression
coefficient. It was found less than
0.05. The coefficient of correlation was indicated a 0.631 which was same as
found in previous analysis under section 3.1.3. R-square value was found as
0.395 which was reflected in scatter plot also. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
Durbin Watson Statistics was 1.878 which showed that there was no
autocorrelation. Overall model was found good as F-statistics was significant
(p-value was <.= 0.01). Standard Error of estimate was found as 7.702. <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Screen shot 3.1.5:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Regression
Output</span></i><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nHxnFqBjhgc/U8jc1my00oI/AAAAAAAAF3w/grEJoDfT7q4/s1600/7.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nHxnFqBjhgc/U8jc1my00oI/AAAAAAAAF3w/grEJoDfT7q4/s1600/7.png" height="430" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Descriptive Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">As I have
already presented the Descriptive Analysis for science, math and read under
3.1.1, I am presenting for Descriptive Analysis for <i>socst</i>, <i>female</i>, <i>honcomp</i> and <i>ses</i> under the following section. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Variable: Social Studies Score (socst)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Social Studies Score had a mean of 52.405 (<i>SD</i> = 10.736). The median value was found
as 52.41 which was almost same as that of mean. Hence, mean can be considered
as a reasonable estimator of central tendency. Minimum and maximum values were
found as 45 and 71. Descriptive statistics is shown in Screen shot 3.2-1. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Skewness and kurtosis values were found within +,- 2
and shape of histogram together suggested an approximate normal distribution.
Further, box-plots had not shown any outliers as shown in Figure 3.2-1.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Screen
shot 3.2-1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Descriptive Statistics
of Social Studies Score (socst)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mJ-Vo_82Bro/U8jdFa3tu9I/AAAAAAAAF34/jjy8Tv01Wdo/s1600/8.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mJ-Vo_82Bro/U8jdFa3tu9I/AAAAAAAAF34/jjy8Tv01Wdo/s1600/8.png" height="366" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Figure
3.2-1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Histogram & Box
Plot of Social Studies Score<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GbnwmpROqvg/U8jdZYW2mSI/AAAAAAAAF4A/2ANGepB2zro/s1600/9.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GbnwmpROqvg/U8jdZYW2mSI/AAAAAAAAF4A/2ANGepB2zro/s1600/9.png" height="350" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Variable: Female, honcomp and ses<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
frequencies of female, honcomp and ses were shown in Bar Diagrams in Figure
3.2-2. There were 91 males and 109 female respondents. 53 respondents have
scored more than or equal to 60 in writing score. Rest 147 scored less than 60
in writing score. There were 47, 95 and 58 respondents under low, middle and
high categories of ses variable. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Figure
3.2-2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bar Diagrams of female,
honcomp and ses</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Fu-JKwJTh6w/U8jdmz0zKsI/AAAAAAAAF4I/LvJ4RPsUghA/s1600/10.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Fu-JKwJTh6w/U8jdmz0zKsI/AAAAAAAAF4I/LvJ4RPsUghA/s1600/10.png" height="626" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3.2.1
(a) Regression Equation and Output<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The regression equation found is as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-be4706pHw7s/U8jd4TTHT6I/AAAAAAAAF4Q/IHL55GRsH-0/s1600/11.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-be4706pHw7s/U8jd4TTHT6I/AAAAAAAAF4Q/IHL55GRsH-0/s1600/11.png" height="88" width="640" /></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left;">Regression output is shown in Screen
shots 3.2-2 and 3.2-3.</span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Screen
shot 3.2-2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Regression Output-Coefficients</span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-smuVdcrik1E/U8jeU_16VrI/AAAAAAAAF4Y/rOJd-QAQtKM/s1600/12.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-smuVdcrik1E/U8jeU_16VrI/AAAAAAAAF4Y/rOJd-QAQtKM/s1600/12.png" height="236" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Screen
shot 3.2-3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Regression Output-Model
Summary and ANOVA results<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.399999618530273px;"><i>For Complete Assignment, send us a mail to info@sampleassignment.com</i></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="line-height: 18.399999618530273px;"><i><br /></i></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 18.399999618530273px;"><b><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">We do not just offer research paper
services. We have other services including writing dissertations, book reports,
editing and proofreading, lab reports and admission essays among others. Our
team of experts </span><span lang="EN-US">at Sample Assignment</span><span lang="EN-US"> have
high degrees including MA’s and PHD’s. We guarantee you a 100% plagiarism free
original research papers. Our papers are well written, free from grammatical
mistakes and come at competitive prices that fits your needs. <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">Buy research papers</span> from </span><span lang="EN-US">Sample Assignment</span><span lang="EN-US"> now!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-77478198883865754552014-07-18T01:05:00.000-07:002014-07-18T01:05:37.558-07:00 Apple Inc’s Financial Management Report | Finance Sample Assignment | www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1>
1. Introduction</h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
The main purpose
of this report is to analyse the business model adopted by Apple Inc. so as to analyse
and understand the financial statements of various international businesses. Apple
Inc. being the world’s most famous and richest
company is very well-known firstly for its CEO Steve Jobs, secondly for its
successful iOS products mainly iPhone and iPad and latest addition is the
attention it got for its soaring stock price, which even after dropping by 63%
in March 2013 gave Apple highest market capitalisation as compared to any other
company in the world (The Institute for New
Economic Thinking 2013). This
report will certainly be helpful in finding out the factors which help in
contributing towards the success of the Apple Inc. as successful international
brand.</div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc376948993">2. Background Information of Apple</a></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Apple Inc. was
being founded by Steve Jobs as a co-founder in 1976, which became an incorporated
organization in 1977. The company trades in NASDAQ stock markets. It is considered
to be the largest enterprise in terms of market capitalisation. The market
capitalisation of Apple was $330.8 billion in August 2011, when it overtook
Exxon Mobil.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
In terms of its product design the Apple Inc.
is considered to be highly vertically integrated, as it markets and retails
across its 357 Apple Stores spread in 11 countries along with online stores in
89 countries across the globe. Apple Inc. also earns money from foreign
exchange hedging. Thus in total there are five operating segments and 8
strategic business units (SBU’s) within Apple which can be seen from the Table
1 shown below:</div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightGridAccent5" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 2.25pt; border: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.8pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Operating Segments<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 2.25pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Countries Included<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 2.25pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 201.55pt;" valign="top" width="269">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;"> SBUs<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.8pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Americas<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">North and South America<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="8" style="background: #D2EAF1; border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 201.55pt;" valign="top" width="269">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Desktops<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Portables<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Other music related products and services<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">iPods<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">iPhone and related products and
services<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Peripherals and other hardware
and software, service and other sales<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">iPad and related products and services<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.8pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Europe<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 128; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">European countries, Middle East and Africa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.8pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Japan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.8pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Asia-Pacific<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 128; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Australia and Asian countries<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.8pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Retail<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apple Retail Stores<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.8pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 128; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.8pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.8pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 5.0cm;" valign="top" width="189">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 128; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc376948994">3. Apple’s Business Model</a></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
While evaluating
the business model of Apple it is better to think it in the terms of pre-1996
era and post-1996 era. Prior to 1996 the company had mainly focussed
exclusively on the personal computers just in the Macintosh line and it
occasionally thought of foraying into innovative products like the Newton. But
with Steve Jobs rejoining the company in 1996 the Apple’s mission grew beyond
personal computing and it forayed into products like iPhone, iPad and iPods (Lazonick & Mazzucato 2013).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
By applying the
theory of innovative enterprises the relationship between the changing business
model of Apple and its economic performance has been analysed in this report. A
business model mainly entails an interaction of strategy of a company, finance
as well as organization. With the help of company strategy the organization
chooses the product through which it competes along with finalising the
processes through which the company will produce these products (Lazonick 2013). Through organization the
enterprise is able to mobilise the capabilities of its people in hierarchical
as well as functional division of labour mostly going beyond the firms boundaries,
in order to convert the purchased inputs into sold outputs. Finance is the factor
which helps the organization to sustain the whole process of transformation
until it started delivering financial returns.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Thus in the theory of innovative enterprise a combination of strategy, organization as well as finance is
being generated so as to create higher quality products at lower unit costs than they are previously available in the
markets (Lazonick 2010). Since its start-up Apple was
famous for same old things like visionary leader, however in the interim period
there were many vital changes in its business model like the interaction between
strategy, organizational and finance which sets the stage for analysing and
clearly knowing the company’s phenomenal growth over the past few decades. After
the death of Steve Jobs, his successor Timothy D. Cook, CEO, there have been
certain very important changes in the business model of Apple which suggest the
innovative capabilities more prominently of Apple. </div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
The Business
model Canvas of Apple can be visualised form the figure shown below:</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_S3KCrgIDmj0tlTuSQjHzek0fpUnZymEaYg3SUK8rwysGysuXPtQoaH2ZWU80TSUDxYLiTL7LKaohXFNG2KE3NRyxLUuRJTxNA4HVLXk0LD3T0w61KVlXjF8asqIpGcLJjNvmfLVtltw/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_S3KCrgIDmj0tlTuSQjHzek0fpUnZymEaYg3SUK8rwysGysuXPtQoaH2ZWU80TSUDxYLiTL7LKaohXFNG2KE3NRyxLUuRJTxNA4HVLXk0LD3T0w61KVlXjF8asqIpGcLJjNvmfLVtltw/s1600/1.jpg" height="451" width="640" /></a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
The business
model canvas of Apple Inc. consists of main nine building blocks which help in
focussing the attention on the key business attributes and these nine building
blocks are: key Partners, key
Activities, key Resources, value propositions, customer relationships, customer
segments, channels, cost structure and revenues streams (Noren 2013).</div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc376948995">4. Course of Growth of Apple</a> </h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
The phenomenal success
of Apple can be seen from its end of fiscal 2012 when it had $121 billion liquid
assets. This included $10.7 billion of cash and cash equivalents, $92.1 billion
in long-term marketable securities along with $18.4 billion of short term
marketable securities (Apple Inc. 2013).
In April 2013 Apple Inc. was committed towards distributing around $100 billion
to its shareholders in cash dividends as well as stock buybacks by the end of
2015. From the risk-reward perspective there is no justification for this kind
of distribution to the shareholders of Apple. The only period when Apple Inc. raised
capital from its public shareholders through its IPO’s. Thus over its 37 years
history it is seen that the main value
creators for Apple have been its employees and suppliers along with several government
agencies who have planned to invest in the
critical technologies of Apple.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">5. Factors
Contributing towards its being Successful International Brand</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NYLOpo9z86w/U8jUjV7sj5I/AAAAAAAAF2w/zoqfGbX770Y/s1600/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NYLOpo9z86w/U8jUjV7sj5I/AAAAAAAAF2w/zoqfGbX770Y/s1600/2.png" height="366" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
The impact of mobile device line of Apple
cannot be understated as can be seen from the above graph. It clearly indicates
that the iPhone and iPad make the highest or rather biggest share of Apple’s
profit pool and help in generating the biggest revenue and profit margin for
company. The main factor behind the success of Apple worldwide has been better
design and innovation which are not tied to specific business model; rather it
is organizations willingness to adopt various business models has made it an
international success. The company mainly believes in the philosophy of disrupting
and designing. Like the Apple iPhones disrupted the whole cell phone industry
by not creating better cell phone rather it developed better internet devices
which made cell phone look like dumb and cheap. Same story it repeated with the
iPads too.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Some exclusive
strengths of Apple which make it as success worldwide are: it is the largest
organization across the globe in terms of market capitalisation, which also
shows high level of vertical integration. Apple is a very strong brand with
highly skilled and experienced executive team. The business model and the
supply chain are very strong of the organization. The marketing strategy is also highly
effective. It also has healthy profitability ratios, high cash balance and zero LT debt. The financial analysis of
Apple shows the main revenue generators for the company are iPhone and iPads
which account for 43% and 19% of total sales in 2011. The leading operational
segments in 2011 were US and Europe, accounting for 35% and 26% of total
revenue in 2011. The only segmented which had year-to-year growth was
Asia-Pacific with 8% growth from 2010.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Profitability
analysis of Apple for 2011 shows that its
sales grew by 340.43% from
2007-2011, while the net profit rose by
huge figure of 641.69%. ROCE was also
boosted in 2010-2011 by 13.12%as there was an overall increase of 84% in NPBIT
as a series of new stores were opened which boosted sales. Liquidity and efficiency analysis shows that the quick ratios and current ratios improved from
2.4 to 2.7 times in 2007 and 2009, and the
ratio declined in 2010 and 2011 to 2.0
and 1.6 times respectively. Strong cash flows of Apple indicate strong economic
value and allow greater financial freedom to the company.</div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc376948996">6. Accounting Framework of the Country of Origin of
Apple</a></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
The country of
origin of Apple Inc. is USA, where all the accounting standards are being
developed as well as maintained by FASB. The Financial Accounting Standards
Board (FASB) is the body in US which provides full access the Accounting Standards
Codification for US GAAP in the form of an authoritative source (ICAEW 2014).
The FASB Accounting Standards Codifications were being launched in the year
July, 2009, which superseded all the prior accounting standards of non-Securities
and Exchange Commission (SEC).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
FASB is the national organization which is responsible for establishment as well as maintaining the
accounting standards for the entities or
organizations which are non-governmental. This is unique body which improves the effectiveness of disclosures in
the form of notes to the financial statements. It provides measures for providing more decision-useful
information about financial instruments (FASB 2013). The main focus is to increase the
transparency as well as comparability between organizations . FASB has
celebrated 40<sup>th</sup> anniversary as the US accounting standards setting body.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
On December 23<sup>rd</sup>, 2013 FASB and the
Private Company Council (PCC)issues a
diecion-0making framework for the
makers as well as users of the private company financial statements. This final
update no. 2013-12 ,: Private Company Decision-Making Framework: is a guideline
which helps in evaluating the Financial
Accounting and Reporting of the Private
companies . This is helpful for FASB and PCC to find out that in which and
whether under certain circumstances it is correct to adjust the financial reporting requirements for the private companies ,
while following the US Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) (Bramwell 2013).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
This framework
for decision-making would be used by FASB and PCC accompanied with the
existing FASB conceptual framework for financial reporting to make cost-benefit
evaluations as well as user relevance for
the private companies. There are five primary
factors which differentiate the
financial reporting considerations of
public organizations from private companies and they are: the number
of primary financial statement users as
well; as their access to management, accounting resources, investment strategies of primary users, ownership and capital structures, and manner in which the preparers know about the
guidelines of new financial reporting.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
The business
model of Apple has been reported quite widely as it has been a trend of outsourcing the technology components
manufacture , but Apple adopted
digital content external sourcing which
lead to the success of Apple’s business model. Apple opened its platform to the
3<sup>rd</sup> party IT developers, which helped in leveraging its expertise
for supplying the applications. This caused the dominance of Apple in the
mobile market and a business model
emerged in which the
internet-enabled mobile devices have been weaved together with the digital content, within a
closed ecosystem. Crowdsourcing helps
Apple to source development in effective manner, capitalizing on the mass
production of digital products, which also helps it in managing and sidelining the
incurred costs as well as responsibilities which come along while applying
highly-skilled tech workforce (Bergvall-Kåreborn
and Howcroft 2013).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Even the report
of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm mentions in the Auditor’s Report of Apple Inc. that the Board of directors as well as Shareholders of Apple Inc. audited
the consolidated balance sheets of Apple
Inc. for 2011, and 2010 (Rich et al. 2011).
The consolidated statements of operations, cash flows as well as shareholders equities
for all the three years in the period ending September 24<sup>th</sup>, 2011
have also been studied and audited by the Board members and shareholders as per
FASB standards. All the audits have been conducted as per the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board of US. According to these standards the
board of Directors and shareholders of
Apple Inc. should plan and then conduct
audit so as to obtain reasonable assurance regarding whether these financial statements are devoid of any kind of material misstatement or not. The audit
conducted by Ernst & Young LLP does an examination, that too on test basis,
providing evidence which supports the amounts as well as disclosures in the
financial statements. It also covers the accounting principles used along with
the significant estimates which have been made by the management. The financial
statements of Apple Inc. according to Ernst & Young LLP audit are fair in
all material aspects and give a consolidated position of Apple Inc. along with
its results about Apple’s operations and cash flows as per US generally accepted
accounting principles (Rich et al. 2013).</div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc376948997">Bibliography</a><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><w:sdtpr></w:sdtpr></span></h1>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>BIBLIOGRAPHY <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->Apple Inc (2013) <i>Apple more than doubles capital
return program</i>, 23 April, [Online], Available: <a href="http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2013/04/23Apple-%C2%AD%E2%80%90More-%C2%AD%E2%80%90than-%C2%AD%E2%80%90%20Doubles-%C2%AD%E2%80%90Capital-%C2%AD%E2%80%90Return-%C2%AD%E2%80%90Program.html%09">http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2013/04/23Apple-<span style="font-family: "Cambria Math","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cambria Math"; mso-no-proof: yes;">‐</span>More-<span style="font-family: "Cambria Math","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cambria Math"; mso-no-proof: yes;">‐</span>than-<span style="font-family: "Cambria Math","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cambria Math"; mso-no-proof: yes;">‐</span> Doubles-<span style="font-family: "Cambria Math","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cambria Math"; mso-no-proof: yes;">‐</span>Capital-<span style="font-family: "Cambria Math","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cambria Math"; mso-no-proof: yes;">‐</span>Return-<span style="font-family: "Cambria Math","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cambria Math"; mso-no-proof: yes;">‐</span>Program.html </a>[7 January 2014].<o:p></o:p><w:sdtpr></w:sdtpr></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
Bergvall-Kåreborn, B.
and Howcroft, D. (2013) 'The Apple Business Model: Crowdsourcing mobile
applications', <i>Science Direct</i>, December.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
Bramwell, J. (2013) <i>Final
US GAAP Framework for Private Companies Issued by FASB and PCC</i>, 23
December, [Online], Available: <a href="http://www.accountingweb.com/article/final-us-gaap-framework-private-companies-issued-fasb-and-pcc/222907">http://www.accountingweb.com/article/final-us-gaap-framework-private-companies-issued-fasb-and-pcc/222907</a> [8 January 2014].<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
FASB (2013) <i>Finanacial
ACcoutning Stanadards Board: Home Page</i>, [Online], Available: <a href="http://www.fasb.org/home">http://www.fasb.org/home</a> [8 January 2013].<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
ICAEW (2014) <i>US
accounting standards</i>, [Online], Available: <a href="https://www.icaew.com/en/library/subject-gateways/accounting-standards/us-accounting-standards">https://www.icaew.com/en/library/subject-gateways/accounting-standards/us-accounting-standards</a> [8 January 2014].<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
Lazonick, W. (2010)
'Innovative Business Models and Varieties of Capitalism: Finanacialization of
US Corporation', <i>Busienss History Review</i>, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 675-702.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
Lazonick, W. (2013)
'Investing for the future or living off the past? How stock buybacks can
damage your comapny and your country? ', <i>The AIrNet working Paper</i>,
June.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
Lazonick, W. and
Mazzucato, M. (2013) 'The Risk-Reward nexus in the Innovation-Inequality
Relationship: Who takes the risks? Who gets the rewards?', <i>Industrail and
Corporate Change</i>, vol. 4, p. 22.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
Noren, E. (2013) <i>Analysis
of the Apple Business Model</i>, 18 February, [Online], Available: <a href="http://www.digitalbusinessmodelguru.com/2013/02/analysis-of-apple-inc-business-model.html">http://www.digitalbusinessmodelguru.com/2013/02/analysis-of-apple-inc-business-model.html</a> [7 January 2014].<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
Rich, J., Jones, J.,
Heitger, D., Mowen, M. and Hansen, D. (2011) <i>Cornerstones of Financial and
Managerial Accounting</i>, Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
Rich, J., Jones, J.,
Mowen, M. and Hansen, D. (2013) <i>Cornerstones of Financial Accounting</i>,
Cengage Learning.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
The Institute for New
Economic Thinking (2013) <i>Apple’s Changing Business Model: What Should the
World’s Richest Company Do with All Those Profits?</i>, 10 September,
[Online], Available: <a href="http://ineteconomics.org/blog/institute/apple-s-changing-business-model-what-should-world-s-richest-company-do-all-those-prof">http://ineteconomics.org/blog/institute/apple-s-changing-business-model-what-should-world-s-richest-company-do-all-those-prof</a> [7 January 2014].<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<w:sdt docparttype="Bibliographies" docpartunique="t" id="2024072" sdtdocpart="t">
<w:sdt bibliography="t" id="111145805">
</w:sdt></w:sdt></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc376948998">Appendix A: Ratio calculations and formulae used 969</a></h1>
<h2>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc376948999">INCOME STATEMENT - $m</a> </h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>2011 2010
2009 2008 2007 2006 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Net Sales 108,249
65,225 42,905 37,491 24,578 19,315
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Cost of Sales 64,431 39,541 25,683 24,294 16,426 13,717
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Gross Profit 43,818
25,684 17,222 13,197 8,152 5,598 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Operating Profit 33,790 18,385 11,740 8,327 4,407 2,453
<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>(NPBIT) <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Interest Income
519 311 407 653 394
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Other income <span style="color: red;">-104 -156 -81 -33 </span> 599
<span style="color: red;"> -29</span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
/ (expense) </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Profit before Tax 34,205 18,540 12,066 8,947 5,006 2,818 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Tax 8,283 4,527 3,831 2,828 1,511 829 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Net Profit 25,922 14,013 8,235 6,119 3,495 1,989 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b> <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>BALANCE SHEET - $m <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
2011 2010 2009 2008
2007 2006
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Receivables 5,369 5,510 3,361 2,422 1,637 1,252 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Inventory 776 1,051
455 509 346 270 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Current Assets 44,988 41,678 31,555 30,006 21,956
14,509 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Current Assets- 44,212
40,627 31,100 29,497
21,610 14,239</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Inventory </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Payables 14,632 12,015
5,601 5,520 4,970
3,390 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Current
Liabilities 27,970 20,772
11,506 11,361 9,299
6,471 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Total Equity 76,615 47,791
31,640 22,297 14,532
9,984 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
LT Liabilities 11,786 6,670
4,355 2,513 1,516
750 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Total Assets 116,371 75,183
47,501 36,171 25,347
17,205 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Total Assets- CL
88,401 54,411
35,995 24,810 16,048
10,734 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Purchases 64,156 40,137
25,629 24,457 18,233
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b> CASH
FLOWs - $m <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
From 2011 2010 2009
2008 2007 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Operating
Activities 37,529 18,595
10,159 9,596 5,470
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Investing
Activities <span style="color: red;">-40,419 -13,854 -17,434
-8,189 -3,249</span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Financing
Activities 1,444 1,257 663 1,116 739 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Net Cash Flow <span style="color: red;">-1,446</span> 5,998 <span style="color: red;">-6,612</span>
2,523 2,960 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Cash at year end
9,815 11,261
5,263 11,875 9,352
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>RATIOS <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>2011 2010
2009 2008
2007 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>PROFITABILITY <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Gross Profit
Margin 40.5% 39.4% 40.1%
35.2% 33.2% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Net Profit
Margin/ROS 31.2% 28.2% 27.4%
22.2% 17.9% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Y on Y Sales 166% 152.0% 114.4%
152.5% 127.2% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Inc/ (Decr) % 66.0% 52.0%
14.4% 52.5% 27.4% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
ROCE 38.22%
33.79% 32.62% 33.56% 27.46% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>
LIQUIDITY <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Current Ratio 1.6
2.0 2.7 2.6 2.4 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Quick Ratio 1.6 2.0 2.7 2.6 2.3 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Debtors Days 18.1 30.8 28.6 23.6 24.3
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Creditors Days 83.2 109.3
79.8 82.4
99.5 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>
EFFICIENCY <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Asset Turnover 1.2 1.2
1.2 1.5
1.5 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Stock Turn Days 4.4 9.7
6.5 7.6
7.7 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
INVESTORS </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Gearing - - - -
- </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
EPS (dollars) </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
$
28.05 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
$
15.41 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
$
9.22 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
$
6.94 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
$
2.36 </div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc376949000">Appendix B: Segment Analysis</a> </h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>SEGMENT ANALYSIS <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b> Net
Sales - $m 2011 2010 2009 2008
<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Americas 38,315 24,498 18,981 16,552 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Europe 27,778 18,692 11,810 9,233 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Japan 5,437 3,981 2,279 1,728 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Asia-Pacific 22,592 8,256 3,179 2,686 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Retail 14,127 9,798 6,656 7,292 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Total 108,249 65,225 42,905 37,491 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Operating Profit - $m 2011 2010 2009 2008
<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Americas 13,538 7,590 6,658 4,901 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Europe 11,528 7,524 4,296 3,022 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Japan 2,481 1,846 961 549 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Asia-Pacific 9,587 3,647 1,100 748 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Retail 3,344 2,364 1,677 1,661 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Total 40,478 22,971 14,692 10,881 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b> Net
Sales by Product - $m 2011 2010 2009 2008
<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Desktops 6,439
6,201 4,324 5,622 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Portables 15,344
11,278 9,535 8,732
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Total Mac Net Sales 21,783 17,479
13,859 14,354 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
iPod 7,453
8,274 8,091 9,153 Other music related 6,314
4,948 4,036 3,340 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
products and
services</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
iPhone and
related 47,057
25,179 13,033 6,742
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
products and
services</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
iPad and related
products and services 20,358 4,958
0 0 Peripherals and other hardware 2,330 1,814 1,475
1,694 Software, service and
other sales 2,954 2,573
2,411 2,208 <b>Total Net Sales 108,249 65,225 42,905 37,491 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>
Unit Sold by Product - 000 units 2011 2010 2009 2008 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Desktops 4,669 4,627 3,182 3,712 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Portables 12,066 9,035 7,214
6,003 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Total Mac Net
Sales 16,735 13,662 10,396
9,715 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
iPods 42,620 50,312 54,132
54,828 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
iPhones 72,293 39,989 20,731
11,627 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
iPads 32,394 7,458 0 0 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Total units sold 164,042 111,421 85,259
76,170 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>SEGMENT ANALYSIS <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Net Sales % by
Operating Region 2011 2010 2009
2008 <b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Americas 35%
38% 44%
44% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Europe 26%
29% 28%
25% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Japan 5%
6% 5%
5% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Asia-Pacific 21% 13% 7%
7% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Retail 13%
15% 16%
19% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Total 100%
100% 100% 100% <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Operating Profit % by Operating Region 2011 2010 2009 2008 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Americas 33%
33% 45%
45% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Europe 28%
33% 29%
28% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Japan 6%
8% 7%
5% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Asia-Pacific 24%
16% 7%
7% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Retail 8%
10% 11%
15% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Total 100%
100% 100% 100% <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Net Sales % by Product 2011 2010 2009
2008 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Desktops 6%
10% 10% 15% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Portables 14%
17% 22% 23% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Total Mac Net
Sales 20%
27% 32% 38% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
iPod 7%
13% 19% 24% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Other music
related products and services 6% 8% 9%
9% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
iPhone and
related products and services 43%
39% 30% 18% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
iPad and related
products and services 19% 8% 0%
0% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Peripherals and
other hardware 2% 3%
3% 5% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Software,
service and other sales 3%
4% 6% 6% </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Total Net Sales 100% 100% 100% 100% <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b>Average Selling Price per Product Unit Sold
- $ 2011 2010 2009 2008
<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Desktops 1,379
1,340 1,359
1,515 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Portables 1,272
1,248 1,322
1,455 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Total Mac Ave.
Selling Price 1,302
1,279 1,333
1,478 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Net Sales per iPod unit sold 175 164 149
167 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Net Sales per
iPhone unit sold 651
630 629
580 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Net Sales per
iPad unit sold 628
665 n/a
n/a </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Our assignment help experts are committed
to help you with your assignments, research, thesis, homework, dissertations
and projects in all important subjects like Science, Math, Finance, Accounting,
Programming, HRM and everything else that encompasses academic support. Feel
free to send your queries or orders to <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a>. We help
you achieve your study course with our exclusive customized services and
guidance.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-14328738569867293642014-07-16T09:07:00.000-07:002014-07-16T09:07:01.048-07:00Total Quality Management Assignment Help | TQM Sample Assignment | www.sampleassignment.com | Total Quality Management Online Assignment Help<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Introduction:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A change is an initiative which is
brought about by an organization to become dynamic and sustainable. In a
competitive environment change is a must an organization. Changes are always
initiated to bring in a win situation for an organization so it has to change
to remain in the macro view of success. Change is inevitable in a growing
environment and so change has to be initiated very carefully and thoughtfully.
Change always brings in new ideas and new innovation and so change has be
implemented very carefully and strategized with utmost clarity so as to invoke the correct response
from all stakeholders.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Effective
change management takes more than just a skilled practitioner assigned to a
project. To achieve the ultimate goal - "employees adopting, embracing and
utilizing a change to their jobs" - a number of players throughout the
organization must be actively engaged in change management, fulfilling their
specific role based on their unique relationship to change. (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; color: #666666; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Cameron and Green, 2004)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="background: white;">The philosophy
of change management in TESCO is very simple. The firm has invested very
heavily on </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Team Development and Alignment that is expected to bring in
high impacting tangible results such as Faster development and growth of
employees, cost containment on managing and training people, bringing in time
efficiency, adopting very effective communication, strengthening the bottom
line and bench status, improving inter team and intra team relationship and
deriving positive outcome from every conflict that surfaces.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Organizations are always
introducing changes. The greatest impact of these changes are how employees are
impacted by these changes. The most important and critical issue that is
associated with change management is how people are going to transit to new changes.
Projects and initiatives need change management processes to sustain in their
work and environment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Situation of the change</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The firm which is a manufacturing
unit plans to shift from the legacy system of manufacturing to total quality
management tools. This involves not only changes in processes but also leadership and initiatives
which look at continual improvement using the forces of DMAIC, Six sigma and
lean .The change is necessitated with
new horizons in manufacturing being
evolved and competition being
very strong, cost efficiencies have to set in so that the firm can
sustain itself. The firm also needs to adapt itself to the tools of TQM and set
standards for itself by benchmarking and continual improvement .Change is also
needed because processes have slowly gone out of date and with new tools being implemented
change is inevitable.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Change management at the firm diagnosis:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> Change
management as defined is the<b> </b>application of the set of tools,
processes, skills and principles for managing the people side of change to
achieve the required outcomes of a change project or initiative. Change management
involves organization too successfully transit to new systems wholly and also
ensures that at individual levels change
is accepted and embraced as an organizational philosophy .(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; color: #666666; font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> Cameron and Green, 2004)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghoKUq70huzvrUDcqwFXr5ZFtiQmGNaqtsRxx-KAQQlCQqyhbAKshE9PzCYf4bmAJeuN4p1n1PXD6cy41bw11XI4bB46la75qnCly5Stx7PfYKGvsijBDIK997kFRCe6mf4gnOFxEk7TE/s1600/TQM+Image+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghoKUq70huzvrUDcqwFXr5ZFtiQmGNaqtsRxx-KAQQlCQqyhbAKshE9PzCYf4bmAJeuN4p1n1PXD6cy41bw11XI4bB46la75qnCly5Stx7PfYKGvsijBDIK997kFRCe6mf4gnOFxEk7TE/s1600/TQM+Image+1.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Change Management Total Quality Management Assignment Help info@sampleassignment.com<br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoPlainText" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">The appropriate leadership style in a total
quality setting might be called participative leadership taken to a higher
level. Whereas participative leadership in the traditional sense involves
soliciting employee input, in a total quality setting it involves soliciting
input from empowered employees, listen-ing to that input, and acting on it. The
key difference between traditional participative leadership and participative
leader-ship from a total quality perspective is that, with the latter,
employees providing input are empowered. Collecting employee input is not new.
However, collecting input, logging it, tracking it, acting on it in an
appropriate manner, working with employees to improve weak suggestions rather
than simply rejecting them, and rewarding employees for improvements that
result from their input all of which are normal in a total quality setting and
extend beyond the traditional approach to participative leadership. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">One of the difficulties organizations
face when attempting to facilitate change is the differing perceptions of
employees and managers concerning change. Employees often view change as
something done to them. Managers often regard it as something done in spite of
employees who just won’t cooperate. Managers who listen to employees can learn
a valuable lesson. It’s not that they dislike change so much. Rather, it’s that
they don’t like how it’s done. The key to winning the support of employees for
change is involvement. Make every employee a part of the process from the
beginning. Give them a voice in how change is implemented. Make sure that
change is something done with employees rather than to them. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Organizations must continually apply
the following strategies: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Promote a “we are in this together”
attitude toward change. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Make sure all employees understand
that change is driven by market forces, not management. 3. Involve everyone who
will be affected by change in planning and implementing the response to it. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Restructuring and change:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The very words change creates much fear
into the hearts of employees at all levels as restructuring. Change means layoffs,
terminations, plant closings and workforce cuts. However, organizations and
individuals can control how they respond to the changes brought by
restructuring, and it is this response that will determine the effectiveness of
the restructuring effort. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Leadership should manage change by
first looking at the restructuring and transition to TQM philosophy from the
employee perspective. Restructuring can be traumatic for employees. Managers
should remember this point when planning and implementing the changes that go
with restructuring. The following strategies can help maintain employee loyalty
and calm employee fears during restructuring:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.Take time to show employees that
management cares and is concerned about them on a personal level. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Communicate with employees about why
the changes are necessary. Focus on market factors. Use a variety of tools to ensure
effective communication <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Provide formal outplacement
assistance to all employees who will lose their jobs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. Be fair, equitable, and honest with
employees. Select employees to be laid off according to a definite set of
criteria rather than as the result of a witch hunt. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. Remember to provide support to those
individuals who will be the primary change agents. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Develop a Change Picture <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This is one of the best ways to
minimize the disruptive nature of change is to develop a clear picture of what
the organization is going to look like after the change. Managers should
develop a change picture and be able to articulate it. This will give the
organization a beacon in the distance to guide it through the emotional fog
that can accompany change. Use Incentives to Promote the Change People respond
to incentives, especially when those incentives are important to them on a
personal level. Managers can promote the change that accompanies restructuring
by establishing incentives for contributors to that change. Incentives can be
monetary or nonmonetary, but they should motivate employees on a personal
level. An effective way to identify incentives that will work is to form an ad
hoc task force of employees and discuss the issue of incentives. List as many
monetary and nonmonetary incentives as the group can identify. Then give the
members a week to discuss the list with their fellow employees. Once a broad
base of employee input has been collected, the task force meets again and ranks
the incentives in order of preference. The team then establishes a menu of
incentives management can use to promote change. The menu concept allows
employees to select incentives from among a list of options. This increases the
likelihood that the incentives will motivate on a personal level. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Training:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">One of the primary reasons employees
oppose change is that it will require skills they don’t have. Training should
actually be increased during times of intense change to make sure that
employees have the skills required during and after the transition period. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Leading people in organizations through
change initiatives require a concerted and systematic effort. The organization
has to adopt a change-implementation model which will help leaders
systematically overcome the various factors that inhibit organizational change.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Develop a compelling change picture.
One of the main reasons why people in organizations resist change is fear of
the unknown. Once people become comfortable with the familiar, they tend to
resist anything that threatens that comfort. Consequently, change, which
represents the unknown and unfamiliar, is often viewed by people as a threat.
To counteract fear of the unknown, organizational leaders can develop a
compelling change picture. A change picture is a brief but compelling written
explanation of the five Ws and one H of change: what, where, when, who, and why
plus how. The change picture should be put in writing to ensure that all
organizational leaders convey the same message. Mixed messages during a time of
significant change can quickly undermine the success of the change initiative.
The change picture explains what the change is going to be, where it is being
made, when it is being made, who will be affected by it, why it is being made,
and how stakeholders will be affected by it. The change picture is made
compelling by writing it from the perspective of the stakeholders it will be
communicated to. This means that there may need to be more than one version of
the change picture. (<span class="citation">Kotter, J.2011)</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Communicate the change picture to
all stakeholders: Once the change picture has been developed, it must be
communicated to all stakeholders. A two step approach should be adopted 1. Give
the change picture to stakeholders in writing and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Explain the change picture verbally
at the team or department level. Giving the change picture to stakeholders in
writing will ensure that everyone gets the same message, thereby neutralizing
the rumor mill. Explaining the change picture in face-to-face meetings will
allow stakeholders to ask questions, seek clarification, state their concerns,
and vent their feelings. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Conduct a comprehensive roadblock
analysis The purpose of the roadblock analysis is to identify all potential
road-blocks that might impede implementation of the change initiative. This
step is accomplished by conducting face-to-face meetings with employees who are
going to have to carry out the practical, day-to-day work of the
implementation. It is important that the personnel involved in this step be
supportive of the change initiative. Experience shows that objectors will use
the roadblock to create roadblocks rather than eliminate them. The philosophy
underlying the road-block analysis is that the employees who are closest to the
day-to-day work of the implementation are more likely than anyone else to see
problems, glitches, or circumstances that could sidetrack the implementation. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. Remove or mitigate all roadblocks identified.
: Every roadblock that could come in the way of successful change should be
identified. Here the firm is planning to go the TQM way hence it is suggested
that every process and person should be thinking of quality.(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #666666; font-family: Times, serif;"> Todnem By, 2005)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. Implement the change. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The change agent has to be identified with a person
who can lead the change. He is called the change leader and he should be an
expert in initiating the change. Change has to be announced to all concerned
with the change. Awareness about the change should be felt all through the
organization. The necessity for a change should be felt spontaneously and
change should be acted upon instantly. The vision and strategy of change has to
be discussed with people and perceptions and concepts. The final destination of
change has to be announced. The vision of the change has to be shared with all
in the organization and there should be organization wide discussion on the
change strategy. This will bring about the necessary effectiveness in the
change process and will allow for feedback on the change thought. It is said
that if employees do not accept the changes there will be stiff resistance to
change. The vision of change makers has to be shared. Every aspect of change
has to be communicated in its entirety to all concerned so that the people who
initiate the changes, people who carry out the changes and people who are
affected by the changes know the change process and the thought for changes as
visualized by the top management. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Hindrances to changes should be
nipped in the bud. It should be communicated that any obstacle that comes in
the way of change will be totally eliminated. It is the vision of the
organization to bring in changes and resistance to change will be dealt with in
the appropriate manner. Change initiatives that happen early on show the
success rate of change and winning change strategies happen only when the early
victories of change are celebrated. Early victories of change cannot be change
makers unless and until the change is followed by people relentlessly. Change
initiatives should not be abandoned half way and it should be purposefully
followed till the vision is reached and realized. Changes should produce more
changes. Organizations generally think of change only when old processes suffer
from irrational and changed forms. Processes slowly die out and people suffer
from stagnation and outdated ideas and customer base slowly loses its vigor.
This is the time when change should be
thought of and initiated by a team of visionary experts who are called the
change agents. Creativity and innovation fosters changes and success of
organizations. Profit happen only when
changes are implemented and organization show growth both horizontally and
vertically.(<span class="citation"> Phillips, Julien R. 1983)</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
Regarding change in the organization, it is always better to make a
checklist of processes that are currently in existence and then broaden and
highlight the checklist for changes to be made. The nodal points from which the
changes are triggered off should be pointed out so that everyone understands
the changes that are to be introduced. A draft of the changes to be initiated
should be made and circulated all over the organization so that there is no
secrecy. A team should also be institutionalized to monitor the change and
audit and review the process of change, and should be asked to frame a review
report so that the change process can be measured for its success and study
feedback thoroughly to understand the success rate of change. This
specialization of division of labor would ensure three main objectives for the
employees of any organization. The employees would be recognized as specialists
or generalists according to the work they perform. Every one needed to do his
work though knowledge of other work would be imparted and would be called for
during either a crisis or emergency. The third and most crucial aspect was it
would bring on par the wages of all employees except the management. This was
very crucial because effective work can only be obtained if properly
remunerated and this new management and reorganizing organizational skills
would also mean that parity of wages. This would strengthen the organizational
and working base of the Trust. Many employees would be benefitted by this move
and would work with renewed energy. This new source of inspiration would create
a new work atmosphere and generate greater revenues as it would build up
goodwill and reputation. (Losey, David, Human Resources Techniques P: 147) The
implementation plan contains a comprehensive list of all tasks that have to be
completed, a schedule with deadlines for each task, and a responsible party
assigned to each task. Nothing that has to be done in order for the implementation
to succeed should be left to chance, and nothing should be assumed. There are
no unimportant tasks when implementing a change initiative. Every task down to
the most minor should be identified, put on a schedule, and assigned to an
individual. Developing the implementation plan is similar to conducting the
road-block analysis in that it involves an ad hoc group of stake-holders who
are familiar enough with the situation to know what must be done and to ensure
nothing that must be done is overlooked. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6. Monitor and adjust Once the implementation
plan has been developed, it becomes an invaluable tool for the organizational
leaders who must monitor the progress of the implementation and make any
necessary adjustments to keep it moving. Because every task in the overall process
has been identified and assigned to a responsible individual, organizational
leaders have a definite point of contact for monitoring. Because every task in
the process has been put on a schedule, organ-izational leaders are able to tie
their monitoring efforts to a schedule. By checking with responsible
individuals well-ahead of deadlines, organizational leaders can determine when
adjustments must be made. An adjustment might be a change to the schedule for a
given task or solving a problem that has cropped up unexpectedly and is
imped-ing progress. In any case, even after developing a comprehensive and
detailed implementation plan, organizational leaders should never assume that
the process will simply take care of itself. Rather, they should monitor closely
and quickly take any action necessary to remove impediments so that the
momentum is not lost. The implementation is neither over nor is it successful
until the change initiative represents the normal way of doing <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Recommendation:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Transition to total quality sites is a
difficult thing especially if it has to become a philosophy. Hence the change management
should be initiated by a leader who is not only a leads but is a follower too.
There are three phases to change management and if successfully implemented
change could become one of the most important tools of innovation creativity
and sustainability. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Organizational change management is the
process of recognizing, guiding, managing and implementing of a successful change
process that benefits key stakeholders and the organization with relatively
minimal impact to the operational demand of the business. Therefore is
imperative that to successfully effect and manage global organization change, managers
and leaders need to understand the problem and has to apply critical thinking
to the most effective decision models of organization change. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The initial phase of identifying the
key stakeholders, assessing the organization culture and establish
communication strategy and change management. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The second phase is to lead, by
developing leadership engagement, develops and delivers communication;
facilitate creation and delivery while facilitating organization realignment. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The last phase is to sustain the change
initiates and the change process itself; during and after the initiative.
Meeting these three phase will allow managers and leader to overcome barriers
and cope with the chaos that exits during complex change process. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">References:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span class="reference-text"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Anderson,
D. & Anderson, L.A. (2001). <i>Beyond Change Management: Advanced Strategies
for Today’s Transformational Leaders.</i> San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer.
Retrieved 12/21/11 from
http://books.google.com/books?id=WbpH7p5qQ88C&printsec=frontcover&dq=beyond+change+management&hl=en&sa=X&ei=kEfzTpewMYKpiQLGz5S8Dg&</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cameron, E. and Green, M. (2004).
Making sense of change management. 1st ed. London: Kogan Page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span class="citation"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kotter, J. (July 12,
2011). "Change Management vs. Change Leadership -- What's the
Difference?". <i>Forbes online</i></span></span><span class="reference-accessdate"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. Retrieved 12/21/11</span></span><span class="citation"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span class="citation"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Phillips, Julien R.
(1983). "Enhancing the effectiveness of organizational change
management". <i>Human Resource Management</i> <b>22</b> (1–2): 183–99. </span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">doi</span></a></span><span class="citation"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fhrm.3930220125"><span style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10.1002/hrm.3930220125</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Todnem By, R. (2005). Organisational
change management: A critical review. Journal of Change Management, 5(4),
pp.369--380.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></u></b></span></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
<div class="second-levelbulletedlisthollow" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Are you under too much pressure to present
a really impressive research proposal? There are many like you who have
benefited from our research proposal help. Send your order/query to <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a> and leave
the rest to us. It is the job of our experts to make your job easy. Their help
and guidance will ensure that your research proposal is absolutely unique. </span></div>
<div style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; color: #666666; font-family: "Times","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-346431778470671102014-07-03T23:31:00.002-07:002014-07-03T23:31:38.868-07:00Project Management Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">Assessment
1</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.
A discipline which involves planning, organizing, motivating and resource
controlling for achieving specific goals is known as project management. The
characteristics of a project is to Endeavour temporarily with a definition
beginning and end the undertaken to meet the end goals and objectives typically
for bringing about change which is beneficial or value being added. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.
There are 4 key deliverables in a project. Each deliverable identifies a clear
outcome. This outcome is known as the deliverable. In certain cases, the
outcome is some kind of achievement of change depicted and in various other
cases the deliverable is the production of something which is completely new.
These deliverables are plan of the project, plan of transition, plan of
communication and the lessons which are learned. These deliverables also
constitute description, criteria of acceptance and date on which the project is
due (Heskett and Sasser 2009). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.
The role of a project manager is to attain complete responsibility for planning
successfully, executing, monitoring, controlling and closing of the project.
The manager’s role is to have an ultimate technique comprising of ultimate
skills related to achieve the objective providing specifications.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.
Project Management Body of knowledge presents a set of terminology standards
and guidelines for managing project. The guide is based on process implying
that it provides a description as being accomplished through process (Howarth
2007). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5.
Project management has changed rapidly becoming that stage which is a way in
which business is done in organizations. Considerable portions have become
accomplished in typical firms for making them put efforts into the process of
projects. Projects have become such tools of implementation which have provided
them with a strategy of business within the organization. Each project in
organization contributes towards planning the strategy. This linkage has to be
made sure of and this can be done only by integrating the process through project
prioritization by contributing within the scenario of plan and linking the
organizational strategy with project management. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">6.
There are certain steps needed to follow the process of project management: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Explaining
the plan to main stakeholders and discussing the main components<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Defining
the roles and responsibilities<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Holding
a kickoff meeting <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Developing
a statement of scope <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Developing
a baseline of scope <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Developing
the schedule along with baselines of cost <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Creating
management plans at the baseline<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Developing
the plan for staff<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analyzing
the quality of project and risks involved (Heskett and Sasser 2009)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Communication
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">7.
There are three main structures becoming foundation for how most of the
organization runs which are functional, projectized and matrix. Each structure
adds an advantage. A functional organization is that which is the most
essential of all the three and it works best when organizations are small where
several sections are closed together geographically and provide something which
is only employed in small goods number and services. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">In
projectized structure, it is all about the project and in matrix structure
there is a combination of functional structure as well as the projectized
structure together in association with each other. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">8.
The four stages in project life cycle are as follows: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Introduction:
This is when a new project is planted and launched into the market <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Growth:
this is when the market has taken acceptance of the product and increase in
sales takes place<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Maturity:
This is when the sales have reached the peaks <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Decline:
This is when the sales begin to decrease as the product has reached the point
of saturation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Also,
there does not exist any schedule or time for the stages in particular
(ANdreassen and Olsen 2008). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">9.
The definition of project scope lies in saying what is supposed to be
accomplished through the project and the budget keeping in mind the time and
money associated with the project in order to achieve the project objectives.
This is the project scope. When the definition and budget while project scoping
are precise and in detail then best results are produced. A document of good
project scope is when it specifically tells that what tasks have to be
performed. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10.
A Work break down structure in management of project is a decomposition of hierarchy on the basis
of tasks and various activities. The project of work team has to be performed
fr achieving the objectives of the project and for creating the deliverables as
required. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">b.
Within the management of project framework, there are milestones and these
milestones are events receiving extra attention. At the end of the stage a mark
for completion of the package of work is accomplished. Milestones are often put
at the end of this phase so that active corrections can take place in cases of
problems and these deliverables in time can be completed (Howarth 2004). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">11.
Within the framework of project management, a project charter is a scope
statement, objective statement and statement of project for participants in the
project. The charter provides a delineation in roles and responsibility
outlining the objectives of project for identifying the major stakeholders and
defining the project manager authority. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">12.
All businesses have issues when they are concerned with abiding by the law.
Whether it is the business of food or it is the catering industry or even when
business is involved with selling non perishable goods, here are various laws
which businesses have to abide to. The laws are for protecting customers from
buying unsafe products and bad quality items and also there needs to be a
protection of workers. Without the employees and customers, business cannot
function properly. When there is working knowledge of all the laws related to
the operations then businesses will not lose their customers and employees in
the future. All about the laws have to be known as they directly are related to
trade. Examples of legislations are consumer protection acts and also
legislations involved for safety at work and minimum wage payments. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">13.
There are various challenges while working with a project team but the most
evident ones are the following: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bad
communication <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Poor
thoughts in management of project plan <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Conflicts
in thought processes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Not
enough resources (Heskett and Sasser 2008)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Scope
creep <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objectives
being unclear <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Not
enough stakeholders<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">14.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Setting
goals for the team <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Communicating
these goals to each member in the team <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Assumptions
have to be clarified<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Holding
a personal meeting <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sending
details of the project across e-mails (Homburg et al 2002)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15.
Steps are as follows: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asking
the project manager from time to time about the functions and status of the
project <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Having
the project plan written and knowing where it has reached and where it should
have reached<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asking
the right people about the risk things<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> 16. If one does not care about how well the
project is going and whether it is on time or not then the quality and the
impact of the work cannot be assessed. Monitoring and evaluation are extremely
importance. Also, monitoring and evaluation are important because: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">They
help in identifying the problem and their cause<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">They
suggest the solutions possible <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">They
raise questions about strategies and assumptions (Andreassen and Olsen 2011)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">They
push towards reflecting on where one is going and how that is obtained<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Providing
the right insight and information<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Encouraging
one to act on the information and insight<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Increasing
the process that will make difference in project development<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Projects
have to be monitored and evaluated at regular intervals of time as it should
not be too late to fix the problem. The details of this assessment can be taken
from project manager assigned. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">17.
There are three categories under which records management fall. These are: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Service
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Profit
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Social
responsibility (Howarth 2008)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
importance of these records being managed in the organizations data base
systems lies on the following: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Controlling
and creating the records growth <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reducing
operating costs <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Improving
efficiency and production <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Assimilating
the records in accordance to technologies<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Minimizing
litigation risks <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ensuring
regulation compliances<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Safeguarding
important information <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Supporting
management decision making in a better way <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">18.
The last phase in the life cycle of project is project closure phase. This is
the phase when project is formally closed and the overall success level of the
project is reported. Project closure involves handling the customer
deliverables, documents of the business to be passed, cancellation of contracts
of suppliers, staff release and equipment release and then providing the
stakeholders about the project closure information. The steps involves are:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Performing
closure of project <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reviewing
the project completed (Howarth 2008)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">As
a business owner, there is one responsibility to relate the face of the public
towards the company. It is likely that the key aspect is developing the
relationship with the customers and the managers. In order to grow, the best
way is through conferences. In order to make the conference promoted towards
local businesses, following steps can be taken up: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Broadcasting
the news in local newspapers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Broadcasting
the news in form of posters<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Letting
the stakeholders know through e-mails<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Attracting
the stakeholders by highlighting the essential conference information
(Andreassen and Olsen 2008)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Assessment
2 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 456.7pt;" valign="top" width="609">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">COLLECTING
RELEVANT INFORMATION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Title of the
Project you have to manage<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 308.85pt;" valign="top" width="412">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">KFC annual
Conference <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 456.7pt;" valign="top" width="609">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Company
details<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Name of the
Company<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 308.85pt;" valign="top" width="412">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">KFC<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">CEO’s name<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 308.85pt;" valign="top" width="412">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Mike Shine <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">What does
the CEO want to achieve<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 308.85pt;" valign="top" width="412">
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 115%;">Mike Shine, the CEO also wants to open up
the Friday welcome session to local business owners in Brisbane, as he
believes it will help to raise KFC’s profile and raise some income to cover
the costs of the Conference. He wants to sell tickets for the welcome
function for $100 per person. He believes that the business owners will be
willing to pay for entry as they will have an opportunity to meet the Minster
for Trade and also network with other business people. He hopes that at least 50 business people
will attend the Friday evening function, which means that there will be 200
people attending on Friday in total<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 60.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border: none; height: 60.55pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Who are the
key stakeholders?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 60.55pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 308.85pt;" valign="top" width="412">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The team
members, the delegates and the CEO<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 60.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; height: 60.55pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">What other
information do you need to complete the project successfully?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; height: 60.55pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 308.85pt;" valign="top" width="412">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Information
on time constraints, the requirements on cross cultural aspects and also the
venue which would fit everyone’s requirement<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">What process
will you follow to gather more information about the project?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 308.85pt;" valign="top" width="412">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">A feedback
information form <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">HEADINGS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Write your
answers below<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Name of the
project<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">KFC Annual
Conference<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Name of the
company requiring the project<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">KFC<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Key contact
person within the company who you will report to for the project <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The Manager,
MR. James Anderson<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Purpose of
the project<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 115%;">The franchisees are invited for an annual
conference that is managed by the head office in Brisbane. The conference is a means of sharing best
practice amongst franchisees, exchanging ideas about growth and profitability
and learning new skills through professional development sessions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Why is the
project important? How does the project relate the organization’s overall
mission, goals and objectives?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 115%;">This annual conference is a key event in
the KFC calendar and the CEO of KFC, Mike Shine, always wants to ensure that
the conference is managed extremely well as the reputation of KFC worldwide
depends on the conference. He also
wants to make sure that the program is interesting and the promotion is done
in such a way that all the 100 franchisees commit to attending the
conference. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Is the
project linked to any other project that the company is undertaking? <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Project
planning start date<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The program will run for 2.5 days
(Friday, Saturday and Sunday) in the last week of September. The program will include one welcome
function on Friday evening, 2 full days of presentations/ workshops on
Saturday and Sunday followed by a social networking function on Saturday and
formal cocktail evening on Sunday.</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Dates of the
actual conference<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Project end
date<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Budget
allocated to the project<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">List of
resources allocated to the project:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Financial resources<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Human resources<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Technology<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Raw materials<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Plant and equipment<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">A budget of
75000 dollars<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The members
of the organization <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">All
technological aids<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Resources
availability in abundance<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Venue,
catering and other business associations<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 62.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td style="border: none; height: 62.15pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Will you
need any other resources? How will you
access the resources?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border: none; height: 62.15pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">No<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">How many
participants will be attending<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: 18.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 318.15pt;" valign="top" width="424">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">200<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">What are the
key objectives of the project?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 75.95pt;" valign="top" width="101">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Objective 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 240.2pt;" valign="top" width="320">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Attracting
business representatives<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 75.95pt;" valign="top" width="101">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Objective 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 240.2pt;" valign="top" width="320">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Raising
salaries <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 75.95pt;" valign="top" width="101">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Objective 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 240.2pt;" valign="top" width="320">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Implementing
strategic objectives for further projects<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4" style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 145.85pt;" valign="top" width="194">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">What are the
agreed deliverables/ measurable outcomes you need to achieve for project
completion<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 75.95pt;" valign="top" width="101">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.65pt;" valign="top" width="238">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">OUTCOME<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.55pt;" valign="top" width="79">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">DELIVERY
DATE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 75.95pt;" valign="top" width="101">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Outcome 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.65pt;" valign="top" width="238">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Welcome
function <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.55pt;" valign="top" width="79">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Friday <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 77.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 19;">
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; height: 77.9pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 75.95pt;" valign="top" width="101">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Outcome 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; height: 77.9pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.65pt;" valign="top" width="238">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Presentation
and Workshops<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; height: 77.9pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.55pt;" valign="top" width="79">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Saturday <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 75.95pt;" valign="top" width="101">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Outcome 3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 178.65pt;" valign="top" width="238">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Closing
ceremony <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.55pt;" valign="top" width="79">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sunday<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo12; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Is the project linked to any other project that the company is
undertaking? </span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo12; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Are there any other resources required?</span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo12; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">What will be the suitable venue?</span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo12; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Will there be issues of cross cultural differences?</span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo12; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Assessment 3 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Style of the Conference: Formal and traditional <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Key Speakers: from US and also the chief guest which
is the minister of trade<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table align="left" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 6.75pt; margin-right: 6.75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-left: left; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-top: -3.05pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">DAY/ DATE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Time<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Program/ Session details<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Room No<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Any other information<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Friday, XXX<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">9:00am<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Registration opens<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Reception area<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">11:00 am <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Registration closes and guests settle<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Conference hall<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">12:00 noon<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The welcome ceremony begins with tea
being served<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Conference hall<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2:00 pm <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Lunch begins<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Lunch area<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3:00 pm to 6: 00 pm <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The trade minister addresses his
speech key note speakers give their introduction<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Conference hall<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">6:00 pm <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Guests leave and they take their
accommodation <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Accommodation rooms <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Saturday <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">9:00 am to 6:00 pm <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The process will be repeated and
workshops will take place<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Conference hall <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.0pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sunday <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.5pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">9:00 am to 5:00 pm <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.4pt;" valign="top" width="173">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The closing ceremony will take place <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 107.3pt;" valign="top" width="143">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Conference hall<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 100.95pt;" valign="top" width="135">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-top: -3.05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">As
a business owner, there is one responsibility to relate the face of the public
towards the company. It is likely that the key aspect is developing the
relationship with the customers and the managers. In order to grow, the best
way is through conferences. In order to make the conference promoted towards
local businesses, following steps can be taken up: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Broadcasting
the news in local newspapers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Broadcasting
the news in form of posters<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Letting
the stakeholders know through e-mails<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Attracting
the stakeholders by highlighting the essential conference information<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The publicity material used will be through posts,
telemarketing, websites, advertisements, press releases, online calendars,
industrial publications, newspapers, posters and through flyers.</span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">DRAFT FLYER <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-U-TD-QEoAjw/U7ZJbybRDxI/AAAAAAAAFu8/fncnChSRZTg/s1600/img+b2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-U-TD-QEoAjw/U7ZJbybRDxI/AAAAAAAAFu8/fncnChSRZTg/s1600/img+b2.jpg" height="270" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">When<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">TASK<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Who?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">5-6 months
ahead<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Establishing
objectives and planning how it should be done<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Project
manager <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3-4 months
ahead<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Planning and
Designing <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Project
manager<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2 months
ahead<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Planning and
monitoring <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Project
manager<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">1 month
ahead<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Designing
and Planning<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Project manager<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3 weeks
ahead<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Arranging
for people and monitoring that everyone is doing their work in accordance to
what is required<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Team members
and project manager <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2 weeks
ahead<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Monitoring
and Evaluation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Team members
and project manager<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">1 week ahead<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Making sure
that everything is fine and all the resources are outlined<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Team members
and project manager<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">During the
conference<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Making sure
that everything is going as planned<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Team members
and project manager<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 88.35pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">1 week after
the conference<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 234.5pt;" valign="top" width="313">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Taking
feedback from people attending the conference<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 109.85pt;" valign="top" width="146">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Team members
and project manager</span></b></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.
Floor plan <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0xgHiRrfpiA/U7ZJtGvVLeI/AAAAAAAAFvE/CJCFmcsyQtY/s1600/Image+B+1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0xgHiRrfpiA/U7ZJtGvVLeI/AAAAAAAAFvE/CJCFmcsyQtY/s1600/Image+B+1.png" height="320" width="305" /></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-no-proof: yes;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_3" o:spid="_x0000_i1025"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:451.5pt;height:384pt;visibility:visible'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\HP-PC\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.png"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Tasks
will be assigned in accordance to the abilities of people. The team members
will be given a chance to choose what they are good at but this may cause chaos
and so it is better that based on prior experiences of working with the team
members, tasks and responsibilities will be allotted. These duties will be: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Managing
guests<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Taking
care of food <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Taking
care of required technology <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Coordinating
the guests<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Making
them comfortable <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Guiding
them in accordance to their requirements<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Welcoming
guests<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">5. Training provided will be as follows: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Communication
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Hostility
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Risk
management <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: 84.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Management
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; tab-stops: 84.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">6.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">There can be various cross cultural issues such as
difficulties in language understanding, food not matching the tastes of all
people and organizing the event in a way which does not match the requirements
of others. These can be sorted by being well prepared of the situations before
hand that is by going through the list of guests and knowing the nationality of
the people attending the conference. Then, taking the nationality into
consideration planning the rest in accordance by studying their differences up
to a certain level. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-no-proof: yes;">7.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="3" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border: inset 1.0pt; margin-left: 1.05pt; mso-border-alt: inset windowtext .75pt; mso-border-insideh: .75pt inset windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .75pt inset windowtext; mso-cellspacing: 2.0pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background: #E0E0E0; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E0E0E0; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.1pt;" valign="top" width="168">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">RISK- <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">What can go wrong?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E0E0E0; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3pt;" valign="top" width="82">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Likelihood of Risk?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">(High/ Medium/ Low)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E0E0E0; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.65pt;" valign="top" width="74">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Impact of Risk?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">(Very severe/ Medium/ Low<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E0E0E0; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="176">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">What strategies will you use to minimise the risk?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E0E0E0; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.5pt;" valign="top" width="157">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">What action will you take if this goes wrong?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.1pt;" valign="top" width="168">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Example: You send the wrong
airport pick-up details to the participants and they are left waiting at the
airport<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3pt;" valign="top" width="82">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Medium<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.65pt;" valign="top" width="74">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Low<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="176">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">I will get a team member to double check all the bookings and send the
information to the participants<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.5pt;" valign="top" width="157">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Apologize to the participant and offer a complimentary dinner and
ensure the rest of his stay is extremely comfortable<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.1pt;" valign="top" width="168">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Food not enough for people
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3pt;" valign="top" width="82">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Low<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.65pt;" valign="top" width="74">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">High <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="176">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Planning for more <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.5pt;" valign="top" width="157">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Apologizing and asking
people to just wait a little longer. Promising them free breakfast next
morning<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.1pt;" valign="top" width="168">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Technology error<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3pt;" valign="top" width="82">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">High <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.65pt;" valign="top" width="74">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Low <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="176">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Keeping back up devices <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.5pt;" valign="top" width="157">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Apologizing and making
sure it wont happen again<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.1pt;" valign="top" width="168">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">More people attend than
planned for<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3pt;" valign="top" width="82">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Low <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.65pt;" valign="top" width="74">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Medium <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="176">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Planning for a little more
people than thought of <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.5pt;" valign="top" width="157">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Apologizing and providing
people extra experience of hostage<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.1pt;" valign="top" width="168">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Water problems<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3pt;" valign="top" width="82">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Low <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 55.65pt;" valign="top" width="74">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">High <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="176">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Storing extra tankers of
water<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.5pt;" valign="top" width="157">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 115%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Apologizing and providing
services as soon as possible<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">8. </span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">BUDGET<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="3" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border: inset 1.0pt; margin-left: 1.05pt; mso-border-alt: inset windowtext .75pt; mso-border-insideh: .75pt inset windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .75pt inset windowtext; mso-cellspacing: 2.0pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 167.15pt;" valign="top" width="223">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">INCOME<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 125.55pt;" valign="top" width="167">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Total <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Give details<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 167.15pt;" valign="top" width="223">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 125.55pt;" valign="top" width="167">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E6E6E6; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 167.15pt;" valign="top" width="223">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 125.55pt;" valign="top" width="167">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E6E6E6; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 167.15pt;" valign="top" width="223">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: gray; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 125.55pt;" valign="top" width="167">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Total income<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: gray; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 167.15pt;" valign="top" width="223">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">EXPENSES<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 125.55pt;" valign="top" width="167">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Cost <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Total for group $<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Give details <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 167.15pt;" valign="top" width="223">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Example: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Accommodation for 3 nights<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 125.55pt;" valign="top" width="167">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">$150per person per night
or $450 for 3 nights<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E6E6E6; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">$22,500<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">50 participants X $450<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 167.15pt;" valign="top" width="223">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Accommodation for 3 nights
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 125.55pt;" valign="top" width="167">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">100 dollars per person<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E6E6E6; border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">25000 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: outset 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset windowtext .75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.5pt;" valign="top" width="158">
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">50 participants <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">9.</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">This budget will be seek for approval by defining all
the associated costs and that there is no way that the project can be
accomplished below this. The company also has to to abide towards its image and
provide the best for its delegation guests. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">10. Budget management will be by consistently aiming
and telling everyone involved in the project that the budget cannot exceed the
set budget. In addition, the budget plan will be made before hand. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">11. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Presenters, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">This is to inform you that KFC
which is known as one of Australia’s famous fast food chains has 100
franchisees across Australia. The
franchisees are invited for an annual conference that is managed by the head
office in Brisbane. The conference is a
means of sharing best practice amongst franchisees, exchanging ideas about
growth and profitability and learning new skills through professional
development sessions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">This annual conference is a key
event in the KFC calendar and the CEO of KFC, Mike Shine, always wants to
ensure that the conference is managed extremely well as the reputation of KFC
worldwide depends on the conference. He
also wants to make sure that the program is interesting and the promotion is
done in such a way that all the 100 franchisees commit to attending the
conference. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">The conference for this year is
due in 6 months and the CEO wants to invite international guest speakers (with
their partners) and some international dignitaries from a number of
countries. The program will run for 2.5
days (Friday, Saturday and Sunday) in the last week of September. The program will include one welcome function
on Friday evening, 2 full days of presentations/ workshops on Saturday and
Sunday followed by a social networking function on Saturday and formal cocktail
evening on Sunday. The Friday session
will include an opening speech by a keynote speaker who has been invited from
the US. The Federal Minister for Trade
will also be attending the Friday function.
On Saturday and Sunday, the delegates can attend options sessions that
will run concurrently in 4 different rooms.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">A total of 150 delegates 60% male
and 50% female are expected including interstate and overseas franchisees and
invited visitors. The budget for the
event is $75,000. The event will be funded by the head office in Brisbane. The head office will cover all expenses for
all the delegates; however the 100 franchisees will be paying for their own
travel and accommodation costs. For the
above, it is required that if here is any specific the presenters would like to
add as their requirement then they are welcome to do so, so that we can provide
them with all the available resources. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">Thanking you,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 2.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;">CEO <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">12. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">IF anything fails, the following will be available in
the form of resources<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">High Speed ADSL 2+ Broadband connectivity No charge<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Venue broadband wireless network for multi users 120<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Whiteboard and Markers 35<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Electronic Whiteboard and Markers 130<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Flip Chart and Paper 35<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Screen only 35<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Data Projector + Screen (Cancellation policy is 48
hours. 250<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">You may supply your own Data Projector) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Conference Phone 35<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Overhead Projector + Screen 60<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Infra-Red Slide Projector and Screen 75<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Video/DVD and Monitor (TV) 80<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">HD Plasma screen 320<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Lectern 35<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Lapel radio microphone 115<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Hand held cordless microphone 115<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">PA and microphone 185<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Computer Equipment/Lighting Equipment Inquire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">AV technical support operator 90 per hour<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">13. The conference kit would consist of the following:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Final
details of catering <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Menus
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Cancellation
process<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Parking
information <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Liability<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Damage<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Payment
details <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Smoking
information <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Information
on confirmation <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">14. The process used would provide the following: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Improving
services for existing customers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Reducing
the complaints that are likely <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Increasing
the likelihood of being able to defend complaints successfully<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Increasing
the cost avoided for legal action <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Allowing
the plan and change management in the service of business<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Opening
up new markets for attracting more customers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">This would be done in order to demonstrate commitment
throughout the development project plan and showing that there is a clear
consultation process in the level of communication being implemented. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">15. Record management is essential. This will be done
after the project design in completed and everything known will be stored in
the data base system of the organization. All the records will be stored in a
way which is completely confidential and each information will have a
connection to everything associated to the project plan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">16.
At the last stage of the project all the documentation will be completed. This
is because only at the project closure stage will it be known that nothing else
is left and there is nothing which still needs to be acknowledged.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-no-proof: yes;">References<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Reference" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Andreassen, TW. &
Olsen, LL., pp. 309–28,2008, <i>The impact
of customers' perception of varying degrees of customer service on commitment
and perceived relative attractiveness</i>, Managing Service Quality, vol. 18, no. 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Ballantyne, D., pp. 3–6,2006, <i>Guest editorial: Getting your way in
business</i>, Asia-Australia Marketing Journal, vol. 4, no. 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Berry, LL., 2008, pp. 6–8, <i>Guiding
and inspiring performance through a service strategy,</i> Customer Service Management Magazine,
no. 12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Davidow, WH. & Uttal, B., 2005,
<i>Total Customer Service: The Ultimate Weapon</i>, Harper and Row Publishers,
New York. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Deshpande, R., Farely, JU. & Webster J., 2007, pp.
23–27, <i>Corporate culture, customer orientation, and innovativeness in Japanese
firms: A quadrad analysis</i>, Journal
of Marketing, vol. 57 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Grönroos, C., 2010, <i>Service
Management and Marketing: A Customer Relationship Management Approach</i>, John
Wiley & Sons, Manchester. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Hart, CW. & Johnson, MD. 2007, <i>Growing the trust relationship</i>, Marketing Management, Spring, pp. 9–19. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Heskett, JL., Sasser, WE., &
Schlesinger, LA., 1997, <i>The Service Profit Chain</i>, The Free Press, New
York. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Homburg, C., Hoyer, WD., &
Fassnacht, M., pp. 86–101, 2002, <i>Service
orientation of a retailer’s business strategy: Dimensions, antecedents, and
performance outcomes</i>, Journal of
Marketing, vol. 66<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Howarth, B., 2004, <i>Customer care pays, </i>Business Review Weekly, vol. 22.</span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><i>Are you under too much pressure to present
a really impressive research proposal? There are many like you who have
benefited from our research proposal help. Send your order/query to <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a> and leave
the rest to us. It is the job of our experts to make your job easy. Their help
and guidance will ensure that your research proposal is absolutely unique. </i></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-7566324014550196932014-07-03T15:25:00.002-07:002014-07-03T15:25:34.231-07:00Nursing Assignment Help Canada | www.sampleassignment.com | Nursing Sample Assignment<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="X-NONE" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Introduction <o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">According
to Watson, the patient is of significant importance in the life of a nurse. Nursing
itself is that science of humans and their health that is mediated by
professional spheres, personal hemispheres, scientific approaches and esthetics
along with human transactions being ethical in nature. Therefore, in congruence
with other scholars of nursing, caring has been acknowledged by Watson as the
ultimate essence of nursing. Also, caring is viewed as the moral ideal for
nurse in preserving the dignity of humans. This is done by providing them
assistance to find a meaning in illness and their suffering in order to make
them confident about what they are experiencing. Utmost care however, is
required for elderly individuals and Watson views them from a different caring
lens (Touhy et al, 2012). This is the importance of the topic of this paper
which is to analyze the application of Watson’s theory for caring for old
people in practicum through defining a personal experience. Strickland,
D., along with his volunteers have used
the format particularly designed by Lee Glickstein known as Laughing spirit
Listening Circles for applying the Watsons Theory in six elderly women over a
certain period. The main aim here was that the volunteers had got into creating
the group simply to listen to the women and make them share the stories with
each other (Smith et al. 2007).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="X-NONE" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Personal Experience <o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 135.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">It
has been clearly mentioned by Watson from the result of evident research that
the expectations of nurses working in elderly care departments is a different perspective
from other departments. The expectation is on nurses to be a leader, to be
equals along with assistants that act as subordinates. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-R2pbOfxt44Y/U7XX3SjL6sI/AAAAAAAAFuc/l_CRk7B2oYk/s1600/image32.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-R2pbOfxt44Y/U7XX3SjL6sI/AAAAAAAAFuc/l_CRk7B2oYk/s1600/image32.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">E-Mail - <br /><b>info@sampleassignment.com</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 135.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 135.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
experience explained here is while working in an elderly municipal care unit
(Perry et al, 2013). The organization has a strong social background and is
known for deep care and meaning associated with it. In dealing with elderly people
I was able to analyze that they are not ready to be patient and they expect
their care takers to hear them out no matter how irrelevant their thought
process may be. Old people do not require a teacher but friend in the form of
their nurse. This had been my application from Watson’s caring healing theory.
The problems I faced were with regard to attaining quality of life, mind peace,
body and soul metabolism aligned in accordance to Watson’s theory of healing.
All that I was confined on doing were the following: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Development of
Humanistic and Altruistic Values <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Enabling Faith
and Hope<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Cultivating
Sensitivity and Faith<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Developing
prosperous relationship, trust<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Using
appropriate strategies to associate with the patients<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Cultivating
sensitivity in individuals <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Promoting
positive and negative feelings and accepting expressions</span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="X-NONE" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Professional
knowledge <o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
theories in caring evidently would help me increase the knowledge of care and
its prospects. These theories are actually compiled works and efforts of theorists
combined together emerging from a quest to bring a process of thought and
dignity in nursing environments and the realms of caring towards patients
(Galagher et al, 2009). Old people are more in need of care than other
individuals as they are in such phase of their life where they are not able to
control their body with their mind. The body and mind physically grows weak and
requires more efforts to perform daily chores. The theories in nursing on
caring along with conceptual analysis of case studies as depicted by Sivonen
and Kasen (2003) would help me in enhancing my patients and develop a sound
environment of integrity and care. The main element is the value of preserving
dignity for others and for myself as a nurse and so I believe that I will not be
able to apply the theories such as the Watson theory if I am not able to derive
the concepts and entities present in that theory and then understand my action
on it. Also, with the help of caritas processes mentioned in the theory of
Watson on healing and caring, I would be able to manage the requirements in
nursing environment (Touhy et al, 2012). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="X-NONE" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Nursing Action <o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 117.0pt 426.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">In
order to assist the clients in attaining best of their health and healing
processes, the following nursing actions will be of use and can be employed as
strategies resulting from the theory of Watson’s healing and caring approach in
the environment of nursing: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 117.0pt 426.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Providing an
environment of support, protection, corrective mental, physical, societal and
spiritual approach</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">: The aim of such an environment
will be to enhance the quality of care with peace which is actually required by
elderly people and also will help them in healing their complete self (Perry et
al, 2013). The technique to attain such an environment in accordance to Watson
is to focus on factors of comfort, privacy, cleanliness, surroundings that
promote aesthetics and also cleanliness. Often it is found that nurses have
great control on the environment but they forget about the obligation on
consciousness of obligations that they have to attain through systematic
responsibilities in environments of protection, support and correct treatment
to the elderly. It is not just the environment which has to be acknowledged for
but it is also an environment where nurses influence patterns with the help of
applying theories and then signifying the environment in accordance to the
requirements of individuals (Zirbel et al, 2009). Watson suggests to consider
nurses as the environment of healing itself in the elderly department because
it is they who will either build an environment of positivity and care and will
enhance the process of healing or will not be able to do the same (Touhy et al,
2012). It is also made visibly explicit that all aspects in the environment
have to be unified together and made interdependent on each other by making all
the needs as important on equal levels and they need to be valued which can be
known by the response of caring-healing (Canadian Nurses Association, 2010).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 117.0pt 426.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Engaging in a caring
process which promotes individualized and problem solving approach: <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 117.0pt 426.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
approach is creative acknowledging that nurses employ ways of knowing, being
and doing to engage in clinical care. The problem solving skills have to be
such that they are in a one to one process and lead the patient towards
sidelining his problems. The process involves not only the complete use of self
but also the complete employment of faculties, knowledge, skills and empirics
along with spiritual knowing that developed the caring model into healing with
all the knowledge of value attained through sensitivity and proliferation of
negativity in any kind of side line approach. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 117.0pt 426.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">What
is required is simply to be creatively imaginative along with being
systematically logical in accordance to technology (Perry et al, 2013). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="X-NONE" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Knowing the Difference<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">No
care or the process of healing would be of any benefit and there will not be
any importance of applying any successful theory if one is not able to
determine with essential techniques that the process of healing has worked on
the patient. If from the actions applied, I am not able to determine that my
strategy worked, then there is no significance of applications of theories or
imparting information in nursing environment. I think that I can know the
feedback of my patients from the following ways: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="X-NONE" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Transpersonal Teaching-Learning<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
relationships with elderly are developed by trust, faith and honesty that they
inculcate in their nurse and only then are able to determine their problems and
communicate the same to their nurse. With this approach, the CF would
explicitly make the process of learning more than just information being
received and data being interchanged. It involves a relationship of care just
as is their in the context of all evident learning. The role of CF is to evolve
the role of coaching where a person that is the nurse acts as a teacher in
contrast to the original role that he or she is regarded to play. This would
make nurses know that old people have faith in them and that the nursing action
has worked well on them depending on what their mind, body and soul feels
(Potter et al, 2010).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="X-NONE" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Scientific Reasoning <o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">It
has to be acknowledged that when a nurse is touching a body of a patient then
it is actually not the physical aspect of the individual that the nurse comes
in contact with, but also actually the embodied spirit. This spirit requires
healing in the case of elderly as they are distorted and have attained immense
experience. What is required is an approach that would help in providing the
feedback of the elderly. This feedback will be on the basis of records,
previous test reports and also the statements of patients that would work as
guides (Gallaghar et al, 2009). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="X-NONE" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Conclusion <o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">It
has been proposed by caring sciences and practices to propose that nursing
either on an individual’s level or on a collective level, will lead towards
contributing towards preservation of humans seeking to sustain caring and
healing in instances where human life is threatened. This paper describes the
theory of Watson on caring-healing of old age individuals by focusing on a
personal experience and then determining the actions required to assist through
the process of care. In addition, this paper is a personal reflection
determining how Watson’s model is effective in applications of care which is an
important element of nursing (Alligood et al, 2010).</span></div>
<br />
<h1 align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="X-NONE" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">References</span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Alligood, M. R. & Tomey, A. M. (2010). <i>Nursing theorists and their work </i>(7<sup>th</sup>
ed.). Missouri: Elsevier Mosby.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Canadian Nurses Association (2010, May). Canadian
Nurse Practitioner Core Competency Framework. Ottawa, ON: Author. Retrieved from:
www.cno.org/np<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Gallagher-Lepak,
S. & Kubsch, S. (2009). Transpersonal caring: A nursing practice guideline.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Holistic
Nursing Practice, 23</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(3), 171-182. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Potter, P.,
Perry, A., Ross-Kerr, J., & Wood, M. (2010). <i>Canadian fundamentals of
nursing</i> (4<sup>th</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Ed.).
Toronto, ON: Elsevier Mosby.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Perry, S.E.,
Hockenberry, M.J., Lowdermilk, D.L., Wilson, D., Sams, C., Keenan-Lindsay, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(2013).
<i>Maternal child nursing care in Canada</i>
(1<sup>st</sup> ed.). St Louis: Mosby. ISBN:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">978-1-926648-28-6 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Smith,
B., Ashburner, M., Rosse, C., Bard, J., Bug, W., Ceusters, W. et al. (2007).
The OBO <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 200%; margin-left: 35.25pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Foundry:
coordinated evolution of ontologies to support biomedical data integration.
Nat. Biotechnol., 25(11), 1251–1255.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Touhy, T.A.,
Jett, K.F., Boscart, V., & McCleary, L. (2012). <i>Ebersol and Hess’ Gerontological <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> Nursing & Healthy Aging.</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
(1<sup>st</sup> Canadian ed.). Toronto: Elsevier. ISBN: 978-1-926648-23-1 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Zirbel, C.L.,
Sponer, J.E., Sponer, J., Stombaugh, J. & Leontis, N.B. (2009).
Classification and </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">energetics
of the base–phosphate interactions in RNA.Nucleic Acids Res., 37(15), 4898–</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">4918.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><b><i><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">“Who
will <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">write my paper</span>?”
This is a very common question to students. Writing a research papers can be a
difficult task, but don’t worry. Our team of professional academic research
writers are always ready and willing to get those high grades you want. Our <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">research paper writing servic</span>e
utilizes the services of writers with many years-experience in the market, and
they will deliver the best! Contact <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><b><i><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-25569286910395552822014-07-02T15:47:00.001-07:002014-07-02T15:49:58.694-07:00Trading in Forex Markets | International Finance Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 119.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="page1"></a><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">So you want to get into foreign exchange
(“forex”) trading? This is understandable since forex is the biggest action on
earth, bar none. In mid-2006, International Financial Services, London (IFSL)
estimated that daily turnover in just the major trading centers – London, New
York, Tokyo and Singapore – averaged some U.S.$2.9 trillion. By comparison,
turnover in stock markets around the globe amount to less than a tenth. And the
62 casinos in Las Vegas and Macau combined had a gross take of less than $14
billion in 2006. Here is how you can get in on the action.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 7.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Where do you go to participate? Well,
first of all, there is no bricks-and-mortar central exchange like the London
Stock Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange or the Chicago Board of Trade (for
commodities). The forex market is widely dispersed through thousands of
storefront money changers (the “over-the-counter” or OTC market) and banks
trading with each other.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 4.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Most of the world’s leading currencies
are valued relative to each other, to the U.S. dollar, to be more specific. It
is no wonder then that exchange rates and where they are headed attract so much
attention from heads of governments, central banks, importers and exporters.
Every newspaper business page contains a forex bulletin each weekday and entire
TV broadcasts are devoted to the standing of major currencies.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 8.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The investment and speculative
opportunities for buying one currency or selling another occur because
virtually every currency follows a “floating rate”, not fixed, regimen. That
is, on any given day, hour or minute, exchange rates are determined by supply
and demand. Market psychology, economic factors and political developments
influence exchange rates one way or the other.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">So
where does one go to participate in the forex market? At the simplest level,
one can “buy” a favored currency from a money changer or bank, take “physical
delivery”, store it in a strongbox at home or in a foreign currency deposit
account, then sit </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">back and wait for it to rise in value
versus another currency over a period of weeks or months.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 15.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">One could leave management of a more
varied currency basket, to trade reactively or speculatively to the traditional
channels: investment and commercial banks, money portfolio managers, and money
brokers. Then your account will have to compete with those of corporations and
wealthy individuals for proper attention.</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNYeM6PJE35CYzn7tSR97hA0M0IZqAv543f3NXvezt7YrExmggKhxxFXQt3yqX_m6p7L1Xo3ET8uHqAh-A9OzZfMf7aMcqefJXk1YW9525zHZw4AGrfH2N2j6MmMpjGdwLe2EkZYWSaM4/s1600/forexing.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNYeM6PJE35CYzn7tSR97hA0M0IZqAv543f3NXvezt7YrExmggKhxxFXQt3yqX_m6p7L1Xo3ET8uHqAh-A9OzZfMf7aMcqefJXk1YW9525zHZw4AGrfH2N2j6MmMpjGdwLe2EkZYWSaM4/s1600/forexing.jpg" height="203" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">E-Mail - <b>info@sampleassignment.com</b><br />
For Best International Finance Assignment Help</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 15.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 4.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">If one had known in the third quarter of
2006, for example, that the Philippine government would announce highly
positive economic fundamentals and a record-setting invisibles inflow by
Christmas, going short on the U.S. dollar-Phil peso rate would have ridden a
full 10% appreciation by New Year’s Day 2007. And if one had speculated that
mixed news on the economic front would hurt the U.S. dollar, buying $1 million
worth of euros on April 3, 2007 would have earned a profit of close to $30,000
by month’s end or an annualized return of about 25%.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 18.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Holding on to a favored mix of
currencies over a period of time takes steel nerves, however, because numerous
market sentiment, political and economic factors introduce great volatility in
forex rates. In the interbank market, traders “take </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">positions on” (buy and
sell) a given currency pair like the dollar and the euro dozens, even hundreds
of times a day.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="WordSection2">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 13.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">For now, you have learned that the forex
market represents awesome trading potential. Like the stock market, currency
markets let you profit on both good and bad news. Fortunately, there are
various institutions that can help you open and manage an account.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Summary</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 14.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The international foreign exchange
market is, in point of daily volume, the biggest action arena of them all. How
does it work and what do you do to get in on the action? This article starts
you on the road to more informed investment decisions.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 85.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Title:
</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><b>Forex
Trading for the Sophisticated Investor</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 25.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sooner or later, every high-asset
investor participates in the equities, bonds and commodities markets or at
least seriously considered these choices. Currency trading seems more arcane
but bears adding to the portfolio.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 5.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Money is fascinating in and of itself.
In addition, however, foreign exchange trading catapults the savvy investor to the
realm of international import-export transactions and investment flows. Hence
the volumes are huge, reliably estimated as close to $3 trillion every single
trading day. Hence, the opportunity for profits is immense. But so is the
downside, if ill-considered placements are made.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 5.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Setting aside market sentiment, one
makes better-informed decisions based on the political developments and
economic indicators that are reported for each country in a currency pair.
Herewith a syllabus of sorts for Political Economy 101.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 1.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">If you want to take a position on the
dollar vis-à-vis the renminbi, for instance, you must pay attention to the
growth of <u>gross domestic product</u> (GDP) in both China and the United
States. GDP is a quick read on how well the economy of any nation is growing.
Usually reported as a quarterly or annual growth rate, GDP is the sum total of
wealth-producing activities in agriculture, industry and services.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
more consistently an economy expands and, within limits, the faster it does,
the stronger will consumer <u>confidence</u> be and the firmer the belief of
fund managers in one or both of the currencies in the forex pair. As well,
economic growth implies capital inflows by investors interested in capitalizing
on growth opportunities, thereby firming up that country’s capital account and
foreign reserves. Among other things, the foreign reserve of trading partner
currencies is a bulwark against speculation designed mainly to put the dollar
or renminbi in play.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 10.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">In turn, accelerated <u>investment</u>
boosts employment and increases demand for raw materials and services, a cycle
that strengthens the prospects for continued growth down the road.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">On
the demand side, GDP reportage might reveal the status of personal consumption
expenditures. Together with government outlays and total investment activity, <u>consumer
spending</u> is the engine that drives economic activity. The well-informed
forex investor may hear or read bits and pieces of the consumer spending </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">panorama: housing
starts, car sales, sales ex-manufacturer and in-store, purchases of luxury
goods. What matters is putting all these together into a coherent reading of
consistent growth in consumer spending.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="WordSection3">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 19.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">In medium-size or developing economies,
consumer spending has the additional value of giving the investor a solid clue
whether domestic demand is growing fast enough to offset over-dependence on
exports.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 5.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Interest rates</span></u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
comprise a fifth indicator. When the Fed (or other central monetary authority)
decides to raise bank reserve requirements, money supply shrinks and interest
rates rise. Or interest rates might be used to hold inflation in check. So a
Tokyo fund manager dissatisfied with the 1% interest on his yen deposits might
decide to park his funds in U.S. 2-year bonds which bear a coupon rate of 4.5%
and on which the yield has risen lately. All other things equal, such thinking
would strengthen the dollar and weaken the yen.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">On another level, dissatisfaction with
interest rates may spotlight the gains to be had in forex trading. Correctly
guessing that mixed news on the economic front would hurt the U.S. dollar,
buying $1 million worth of euros on April 3, 2007 would have earned a profit of
close to $30,000 by month’s end or an annualized return of about 25%.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">At the end of the day, one can expect
capital gains in forex trading by attending to political economy factors such
as GDP, interest rates, consumer confidence and spending.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Summary</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 26.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">This article explains why certain
political economy fundamentals are vital to understanding the state of a
country and its currency relative to another. Learn what are the essential
developments that strengthen or weaken a currency and invest more rationally.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 119.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Title:
</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><b>Why
the Euro Gained Primacy</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Since
its launch in 1999 as accounting currency and distribution as physical coins
and banknotes just five years ago, the Euro has appreciated against the U.S.
dollar, become the currency of choice for international financing instruments,
and grew to be the second most actively-traded currency, after the U.S. dollar,
in forex markets. It is not enough for detractors to claim that sheer force of
habit by a continent-wide mass of people has kept the Euro prominent. The
vitality of the Euro zone economies, development of more sophisticated
financial intermediaries and greater liquidity are equally important.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 25.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The tremendous <u>size</u>, diversity,
dynamism and openness of the Common Market economies invite equally brisk trade
and significant capital inflows. Given a population that is at least 50% bigger
than that of the U.S.A., gross domestic product at least as large and managed
in open, democratic fashion, the EU can obviously wield great economic
influence on a global scale.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 3.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">True, recent economic growth has been
diluted somewhat by counting the accession nations and others waiting in the
wings. Compared to economic growth that </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">averaged 5.7% in the
rest of the world, the Euro zone was positively sluggish in typically expanding
at just over 1% over 2003 to 2005.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 12.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The influence of the Euro can only
continue to grow, however, as the EC countries individually and collectively
strive for structural reforms, reduce or take down subsidies, otherwise improve
productivity, and rein in fiscal deficits.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 3.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Secondly, more predictable price levels
in the EU countries and a fairly <u>steady</u> <u>exchange rate</u> reduces
intermediation costs and risk. Financial markets can accept euro-denominated
debt instruments with greater confidence on what the conversion and payoff
outcomes will be months or years down the road. Political will exercised by the
member-countries aside, the terms of the Maastricht Treaty did empower the
European Central Bank (ECB) with the autonomy and authority to keep inflation
in check. The record of the ECB in this respect has been enviable. Inflation
has been manageably low and the exchange rate of the Euro has, except in recent
weeks when appreciation was the norm, stayed within very narrow bands. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Yet a third factor that explains the
current preeminence of the Euro is the diversification and integration of </span><u style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">financial
markets</u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> on the continent.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Long-running
enmities die hard. Compared to the U.S. experience, banks historically
monopolized financial markets in the Euro zone. And before the Common Market
and currency integration came into being, the financial sector in each country
was more prone to compete, rather than cooperate, with cross-border rivals.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 4.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Since the mid-1980s, however, financial
systems have evolved and become more sophisticated. The adoption of the Euro
and, in 2000, the Financial Services Action Plan (FSAP) were important
milestones. Specifically, the FSAP bound the member-countries to eliminate
regulatory and market barriers. Providing and accessing financial services
regardless of national borders induced the free flow of capital and, by
racheting up competition, introduced more efficient financial markets.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 10.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Concretely, the favorable developments
have included more liquid bond markets, a narrower range of sovereign interest
rates, and financial instruments that became more creative but also more
complex. The stock markets have also benefited.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Investors
seem better-prepared to focus on company and industry news rather than on how
market sentiment or political economy differ country by country. There is
greater consistency in stock prices across the major bourses and EC-wide funds
have gained a better equity markets.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 4.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">All in all, the current strength of the
Euro can be attributed to the great size, industrialization and openness of the
Common Market itself, as well as stable prices, intermediation costs and
exchange rates.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Summary</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">:</span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The Euro has been catapulted to center
stage on global forex markets. For one, it is now the leading currency in which
international bonds are denominated. This article spotlights the fundamental
reasons why.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Contact info@sampleassignment.com</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Sample Assignment</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Let “who will write my paper” be a question
of the past. Sample Assignment is here, at your service. Our research paper
writing service is the best place to buy research papers. Our high level of
professionalism, excellent writers, excellent customer support system and
punctuality in delivering quality papers are some of the reasons you should
seek our services. Sample
Assignment will give you something to smile about. </span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-18929934653214020832014-06-30T19:35:00.004-07:002014-06-30T19:35:50.063-07:00Sample APA Paper www.sampleassignment.com Assignment Help<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Knowing God<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">When people reminisce about the
doctrine of revelation, they seek to know how God discloses Himself to mankind.
Revelation refers to how God is exposed or unveiled to mankind without their
knowledge. The usual understanding of revelation is actually a kind of
communication to human nature, either through actions or wording. The way God
unveils Himself to human beings may be on single occurrences, direct
performances or even take quite a long time to reveal His will to the people.
Indeed, revelation cannot be proved through scientific methods or logical
methods but only through God Himself, since it is a supernatural deed from God
(Hunter, 2011). It is only through God that the legitimacy of revelation is
known, His plans and the knowledge about Him. This is true from the words of
Jesus when He said that every thing is known by His father, it is only
responsibilities which have been handed to Him (Mathew 11:27). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Part 1: how the
doctrine of revelation reveals the issue of knowing God;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The process by which God reveals
Himself to human beings is dealt with under the Doctrine of Revelation. As noted earlier the truth of revelation is
from God only. Through Devine revelation (the work of the Holy Spirit) Jesus
came to be known to people as the son of God (Torrance, 2001). The foundations
of knowledge of God are laid by the scriptures; however He has done so outside
the scriptures as He did to Moses and Abraham. The scriptures and the presence
of Devine Holy Spirit strongly confirm somebody’s encounter with God and not
stallion nightmarish. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">In theology, manifestation,
inspiration and illumination are the fundamental divisions in the doctrine of
revelation amongst other events like evangelism, preaching, and missionary
which at the same time appropriate God’s word. God controls the processes of
revelation which are out of reach by scientists and philosophers to proof Him
(Ecclesiastes 8:17) and that He is the treasury of His secrets (Deuteronomy
29:29). God is at liberty to unveil or not to unveil depending on His choice,
since His revelation is only made to exalt Him.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Through manifestation God
instigates the processes of unveiling Himself through actions. He may perform
miracles like the way He did in Mt. Carmel (1 Kings 18) or through spoken words
accompanied by a storm (Job 38). Those whom God intended to pass the message
could get the exact words/voice from Him but the participators only heard the
sound/thunderstorm as it was witnessed by Paul on his way to Damascus (Acts
9:3-8).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">God’s manifestation to writers is
through inspiration. The inspired puts down what he sees or hears under the
power of the Holy Spirit who guides him on the projected understanding of the
signs. The processes of inspiration touch a wide area than just mere writing.
The wordings may be oral (to be written later) or texts places in canons of the
scripture. However the guiding arrow all through is the Holy Spirit; that the
originality and meaning of the words from God are maintained as intended by Him
(Migliore, 2004). Illumination is the final part in the process of revelation,
since the modern-day reader of the bible scrutinizes and makes an effort of
appropriating it as God’s Word. The Holy Spirit acts as the pilot to the reader
to grasp the full truth (John 16:13). From the scriptures, the Bible is like a
sword (Hebrews 4:12) which guides and protects the reader in the translation
and interpretation of various events in collaboration with God.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">God also continued to unveil
Himself through prophets since He at one time told Amos that He could assign
him the duty of unsealing things to come by use of prophets (Amos 3:7). Prophesies
have always functioned to promises and fulfilling just as the Hebrews believed
that God always made and fulfilled His promises. That is why prophesies had the
complete meaning in Christ (2 Corinthians 1:20). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> According to the doctrine of Revelation, the
fundamental source of knowing God is the Bible. God has all through revealed Himself
in all the books of the Bible. The bible has provided enough evidence to stop
people relying on scientific and philosophical theories. God is wisdom and so the pre-eminence is to
follow Gods wisdom (Ecclesiastes 7:12). Jesus Christ came to this world to
teach people how to know God and save them from their evils by shining into
their hearts. The strength and salvation of men lies in knowing God (Isaiah
33:6).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The pursuit to know God these days
has been faced with many challenges. This is unlike the past when interaction
with the outside world was minimal. Many young people may choose to forego God’s
work of spreading the Gospel for other professional jobs. Besides, these
professions are more lucrative compared to working for God. The mass media has on
the other hand brought a lot of confusion to the young generations. Life images
presented on TVs leave most people wondering what is next in life and if there
in anything else different that they can do with their life. Romantic pictures on TVs and other mass media
have continued to cause confusion (Pittman, 2008). Therefore, the advices from
sermons, counselors and speeches lack application in real life situations. This
leaves even the genuine Christians confused on which way to go, or whom to follow.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GO6w0knyv9k/U7IdsyRyQYI/AAAAAAAAFsA/msEkYMwAHSA/s1600/header_online_writing1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GO6w0knyv9k/U7IdsyRyQYI/AAAAAAAAFsA/msEkYMwAHSA/s1600/header_online_writing1.jpg" height="100" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>E-Mail : info@sampleassignment.com</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Part 2: weaknesses and
strengths of discovering the issue of knowing God through general revelation
(creation. natural knowledge) and human experience.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">General revelation captures on
ideas of how God unveils Himself through natural courses. A number of scripture
passages justify the magnificence of God through nature. The existence of God
as a concept has strong (strengths) and weak points. In the books of Romans 1
and psalm 14 (among other books in the Bible), man is able to proof and
understand that there is God who is superior to him. Therefore failing to adore
Him means that human beings are lost in pools of sin. These are oblique
affirmations that man has the duty of accepting and living in God. However
these proofs have the weakness of not explaining who this real God is, and how we
become affiliated to Him. It fails to tell how our past failures in life have
not been addressed by Him and how He has not been able to surface our future
ambitions (Bickel & Jantz, 2004). Therefore according to the general revelation
we are only left to make interpretations on evidences based on our abilities on
the things around us. However emerging questions still ponder around people’s
minds especially when they view the scientific technologies on things like the
discovery of microscopes which aid in observing simple things like the cell. Designers
of complex scientific machines fail to comprehend God as the designer of such
things. Either way people always wonder about the beautiful things around them,
the beauty of the stars, the strength of tornados and even unchanging waters of
the oceans. The failure of general revelation to address all these limitations
can only be supported by special revelation, revelation from God which helps us
understand God’s nature.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">References<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Bickel,
B. & Jantz, S. (2004). <i>Knowing God
One Hundred and One.</i> New York: Harvest House Publishers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Hunter,
J. (2011). <i>Knowing God’s Secrets.</i>
Fort Washington, PA: CLC Publications.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Migliore
L. D. (2004). <i>Faith Seeking
Understanding: An Introduction to Christian Theology</i>, Cambridge: Eerdmans
Publishing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pittman,
L. S. (2008). <i>Attachment Issues,
Self-Esteem, and Sense of Symbolic Immorality.</i> London: ProQuest.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Torrance,
F. T. (2001). <i> Christian Doctrine of God, one Being Three
Persons. </i>London: T&T Clark Ltd. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><b><i><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a> </span></i></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;">If loads and loads of assignments to be
completed within strict deadlines make you wonder ‘Can somebody please help me
write my assignment?’ all you need to do us visit us at</span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/"><span style="color: blue; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">www.sampleassignment.com</span></a>. We will help
you with the toughest of assignments and you will not only be able to submit
them in time, but also score high grades because our writers specialize in
writing best quality assignments.</span></i></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Are you under
too much pressure to present a really impressive research proposal? There are
many like you who have benefited from our research proposal help. Send your
order/query to</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com"><span style="color: blue; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">info@sampleassignment.com</span></a></span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;">and leave the rest to us. It is the job of our
experts to make your job easy. Their help and guidance will ensure that your
research proposal is absolutely unique. </span></i></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-10826449327605260742014-06-26T20:48:00.003-07:002014-06-26T20:48:39.747-07:00Artificial Intelligence Sample Assignment<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Artificial Intelligence is focusing on making the computer
systems as intelligent as a human brain but still there is a lot more to
achieve. Computer seems to act like a human but still there is much
functionality where computers lack in the processing as compared to the human
brain. For example, computers cannot communicate as human do. Their response
time in this case will be too high. If it would have been the case that
computers can communicate like human then there would not be any requirements
of human resources or employees of the organization, only the computer systems
would have been able to do the job. This would have eliminated the requirements
of receptionists, office-assistants, etc. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Likewise there are many other functions where the computer
lacks in the processing speed as compared to the human brain. Human has an
instant reaction to a particular action but the computers cannot respond in the
similar manner. Computers are made to follow the instructions given by the
human.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The reason being is that as the brain works on the concepts
of neurons. And there are many neurons in the human brain and their execution
ways are also different so a computer system cannot replicate the same
functionality. The functionality of neurons is not known exactly to the
scientists. The scientists are trying to implement the brain of a worm in a
computer machine. As the neurons cannot be reduced in transistors, likewise there
is a long bridge in between the functionalities of human brain and the computer
system. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Answer 2<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There is much advancement in computing in the past 50 years.
The biggest one is related to the digital electronics computing. In 1960’s,
analog slide rules were used, analog electronic computers and Arithmetic &
Logic Unit were used to find out the product of two numbers. Log tables and
Trigonometric values were used to do the simple calculations. These days,
everything is in the form of digits and digital technology is ruling
everywhere. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Parallel computing has come into the picture from more than
a decade. This has increased the processing speed of the computers so complex
tasks consisting of large numeric calculations can be completed in a less time
as compared to the earlier processing speed. The concept of virtual memory
operating system has also helped in executing the large programs in less memory
space.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The most significant accomplishments of the next twenty-five
years may be regarding the successful implementation of the Turing machine test
where computer’s intelligence is proved successfully as compared to the
intelligence of human brain. Grid computing would be possible within next
twenty-five years. This would be possible because a lot of work is going on
regarding Artificial Intelligence and grid computing. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0Fv_vQbHmZ0/U6zpGDpN9yI/AAAAAAAAFqU/yiQer5I6UQI/s1600/cyborg2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0Fv_vQbHmZ0/U6zpGDpN9yI/AAAAAAAAFqU/yiQer5I6UQI/s1600/cyborg2.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Game-Plan<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">NIM Game is a logical game played among two-players. This
game uses 2 sticks and some piles to play with. A player takes its turn on
alternate basis. The piles have random number of stones in it. Player’s keeps
on removing stones from the piles as their turn come on alternate basis. The
winner of the game is decided on the factor that if there are no more stones
left, then the player whose turn is to pick the stones from the piles will lose
the game as their are no stones left so the other player would be considered as
a winner. Or in the other words, the player who got the last chance to remove
the stones from the piles will be the winner of this game. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">So the main goal to win this game is to choose the last
stick. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hence, to be a winner, you let the other player to remove
all but one pile, so that the same can be removed by you. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Game States and Illustration<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Suppose there are 2 piles of stone. The players can choose
any number of stones as they want from one of the piles. If any of the players
cannot make any move then the player will be the loser of this game. Consider
the below mentioned example:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Suppose the piles have 16 and 12 stones.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">First player takes 4 stones from pile 1. So the number of
remaining stones in pile 1 is now 12. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Second player also takes 4 stones from pile 1. The remaining
stones in pile 1 are now 8.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Player 1 takes 2 stones from pile 2, so remaining stones in
pile 2 are 10.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Second player also takes 6 stones from pile 2. The remaining
stones in pile 2 are now 4.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Player 1 takes 6 stones from pile 1, so remaining stones in
pile 1 are 2.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Second player takes 4 stones from pile 1. The remaining
stones in pile 1 are now 0.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">·<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Player 1 takes 4 stones from pile 2, so remaining stones in
pile 2 are 0.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Player 2 has no choice left so player 2 looses the game and
player 1 is the winner of this game. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Algorithm:<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="kw1"><span lang="EN-US">def</span></span><span lang="EN-US"> nim<span class="br0">(</span>heaps<span class="sy0">,</span> misere<span class="sy0">=</span><span class="kw2">True</span><span class="br0">)</span>:<o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="st0">"""Computes next move for Nim in a normal or misère (default) game, returns tuple (chosen_heap, nb_remove)"""</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> X <span class="sy0">=</span> <span class="kw2">reduce</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw1">lambda</span> x<span class="sy0">,</span>y: x^y<span class="sy0">,</span> heaps<span class="br0">)</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">if</span> X <span class="sy0">==</span> <span class="nu0">0</span>: <span class="co1"># Will lose unless all non-empty heaps have size one</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="kw2">max</span><span class="br0">(</span>heaps<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy0">></span> <span class="nu0">1</span>:<o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">print</span> <span class="st0">"You will lose :("</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">for</span> i<span class="sy0">,</span> heap <span class="kw1">in</span> <span class="kw2">enumerate</span><span class="br0">(</span>heaps<span class="br0">)</span>:<o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">if</span> heap <span class="sy0">></span> <span class="nu0">0</span>: <span class="co1"># Empty any (non-empty) heap</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> chosen_heap<span class="sy0">,</span> nb_remove <span class="sy0">=</span> i<span class="sy0">,</span> heap<o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">break</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">else</span>:<o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> sums <span class="sy0">=</span> <span class="br0">[</span>t^X <span class="sy0"><</span> t <span class="kw1">for</span> t <span class="kw1">in</span> heaps<span class="br0">]</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> chosen_heap <span class="sy0">=</span> sums.<span class="me1">index</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw2">True</span><span class="br0">)</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> nb_remove <span class="sy0">=</span> heaps<span class="br0">[</span>chosen_heap<span class="br0">]</span> - <span class="br0">(</span>heaps<span class="br0">[</span>chosen_heap<span class="br0">]</span>^X<span class="br0">)</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> heaps_twomore <span class="sy0">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">for</span> i<span class="sy0">,</span> heap <span class="kw1">in</span> <span class="kw2">enumerate</span><span class="br0">(</span>heaps<span class="br0">)</span>:<o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> n <span class="sy0">=</span> heap-nb_remove <span class="kw1">if</span> chosen_heap <span class="sy0">==</span> i <span class="kw1">else</span> heap<o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">if</span> n<span class="sy0">></span><span class="nu0">1</span>: heaps_twomore +<span class="sy0">=</span> <span class="nu0">1</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="co1"># If move leaves no heap of size 2 or larger, leave an odd (misère) or even (normal) number of heaps of size 1</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">if</span> heaps_twomore <span class="sy0">==</span> <span class="nu0">0</span>: <o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> chosen_heap <span class="sy0">=</span> heaps.<span class="me1">index</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw2">max</span><span class="br0">(</span>heaps<span class="br0">))</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> heaps_one <span class="sy0">=</span> <span class="kw2">sum</span><span class="br0">(</span>t<span class="sy0">==</span><span class="nu0">1</span> <span class="kw1">for</span> t <span class="kw1">in</span> heaps<span class="br0">)</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="co1"># misère (resp. normal) strategy: if it is even (resp. odd) make it odd (resp. even), else do not change</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> nb_remove <span class="sy0">=</span> heaps<span class="br0">[</span>chosen_heap<span class="br0">]</span>-<span class="nu0">1</span> <span class="kw1">if</span> heaps_one%<span class="nu0">2</span><span class="sy0">!=</span>misere <span class="kw1">else</span> heaps<span class="br0">[</span>chosen_heap<span class="br0">]</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<pre style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span class="kw1">return</span> chosen_heap<span class="sy0">,</span> nb_remove<o:p></o:p></span></span></pre>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Computational Complexity<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">To check if the Nim sum is non zero, can be done in a log
space time. The actual winning move can also be calculated in a log space time.
There are some Nim games where it may take an exp. time to calculate the
winning move. So it can also be considered as</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">
Ω(n) where n is the bit length in exponential. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">References:<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]. </span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>BIBLIOGRAPHY<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>\l 1033 <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US">Andrew. (2011, January 21). <i>Are human
brains too complex to replicate?</i> Retrieved February 15, 2013, from
http://weirdthings.com:
http://weirdthings.com/2011/01/are-brains-too complex-to-replicate/<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[2]. Lee, T. B. (2011, January 13). <i>Emulation,
Simulation, and the Human Brain</i>. Retrieved February 15, 2013, from
http://timothyblee.com:
http://timothyblee.com/2011/01/13/emulation-simulation-and-the-human-brain/<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i><span lang="EN-US">[3]. Nim: A Game Played All Over the World</span></i><span lang="EN-US">. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2013, from
http://asiasociety.org:
http://asiasociety.org/education/resources-schools/elementary-lesson-plans/nim-game-played-all-over-world<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><br />
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">[4]. Reiter, H. (n.d.). <i>Illuminations:
Fibonacci Nim</i>. Retrieved February 15, 2013, from Illuminations:
http://illuminations.nctm.org/LessonDetail.aspx?ID=L695</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/"><b>www.sampleassignment.com</b></a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><b><i>Your educational progress matters a lot to
you, your family and to us also! That is precisely why we are available 24/7 to
help you with writing assignments, homework, research, essays and projects. No
matter what the subject, Math or Science, Finance or Accounting, Programming or
History, you can depend on us and get customized papers written according to
your instructions. All you need to do is visit us at <a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a>.</i></b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBibliography" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-62683984159384324812014-06-24T14:50:00.000-07:002014-06-24T14:50:09.106-07:00Success of Poverty Alleviation Programs- by adopting Social Security Measures<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Abstract</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Poverty
is one of the major problems that is faced by a nation. Unemployment, low level
of income and output, low investments increase the level of poverty. The number
of people living below the poverty line has been rising. The federal government
has come up with various measures to help people come out of poverty. It
provides social security, jobs, food aid, housing assistance to help people
overcome poverty. The poverty alleviation measures have been successful in
sustaining this level. Millions of people reap benefit from these programs. The
efforts made by the federal and state governments have helped people find a
decent standard of living. Various sections of the population have benefitted
from the measures adopted by the state. Old age benefits, child care policies,
women’s health programs and tax credit policies have assisted people to overcome
poverty.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Success
of poverty alleviation programs- by adopting social security measures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">I.
Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Poverty is the state when people are not able to
earn enough that exposes them to higher risk of illness, disability and food
deficiency<sup> 1</sup>. People living in poverty have to lead a diminished
quality of life, lower learning abilities and reduced household savings.
Poverty also causes reduction in the productivity as people are not able to eat
healthy nutritious foods <sup>2</sup>. Poverty is considered bad for the
country because lower levels of productivity affect the growth rate of the
country. There are a number of measures
adopted by the U.S government for the elimination of poverty such as family pension schemes, social
insurance programs, medical aid, housing assistance and provision of food.
These programs run by the government are successful in the containing of poverty
and decreasing its level. At present the level of poverty is 15.1 percent <sup>3</sup>.
This level is much better in comparison to many European economies <sup>4</sup>.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">II.
Social Security Measures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Social security refers to the action taken by the
government in order to improve the quality of life. As mentioned in Article 22
of The U.S constitution, it is an essential aspect of the state to improve the
quality of life of its citizens by national effort and cooperation <sup>5</sup>.
Under this, the state initiates various schemes to uplift the condition of the
poor people in the society. Social security measures can be defined as the
state run schemes to improve and assist people in the alleviation of the
poverty. Provision of nutritious food, child care, housing facilities, old age
benefits, medical aid , employment opportunities are some such examples of
social security <sup>6</sup>. The measure to remove poverty are funded by the central
and state governments and extensively covers the different sections of the population. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">III.
Types of programs<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The social security measures are divided into two
categories. Means tested programs and social insurance schemes. The means
tested program relates to providing benefits to those people, families or
groups which qualify under norms. The state sets the eligibility for people to
get entitled under this program. Some examples of this type of program are TANF
(Temporary assistance for needy families), SSI (supplemental security income)
and SNAP. Under the SNAP program food stamp assistance has been very helpful.
The achievements are summarized in the table. Social insurance schemes are for
the benefit of everyone. Here the level of benefit received by an individual
depends on the history of past earnings <sup>7</sup>. The eligibility criteria
is not there. These programs provide insurance against unemployment, old age,
disability. These programs greatly help the needy (<i>see </i>Table1, Status of Households). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">IV.
Impact on lower income groups<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Lower income groups received the maximum benefits of
the welfare programs run by the state. A total of 40 million people including
men and women and 9 million children were benefitting from the poverty program
in 2011<sup>8</sup>. People were provided with non cash benefits that are
essential in nature like food stamps, housing provisions along with cash
benefits like unemployment allowance, pension, refundable tax credits and fixed
wages <sup>9</sup>. There has been a marked change in poverty level in U.S
states (<i>See</i> Table 2, Families Below
100% of Poverty). The SNAP program (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program)
has benefitted the society. Under this food stamps are given to each person in
a family. The monetary value changes along with the size of the family. For a
family of 8 people, the benefit is of $1202 <sup>10</sup>. This type of benefit
has helped the poor and the needy to come out of the situation of poverty.
Otherwise people are not able to come out of the situation. This program has
benefited all the people including men, women and children (See Table 3,Annual
Average Change in SNAP). Each and every member is to be provided food
assistance so that the nutritional requirements get fulfilled. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">V.
Impact of Medicare on poverty<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Medicare relates to the provision of medicines and
health care facilities to the people. Federal agencies have increased their medical
facilities by giving aid and donations to state run hospitals, improving medical
facilities in existing hospitals, opening new health centers, developing
organizations for the teaching and training of nurses and doctors <sup>11</sup>.
The state has also provided with the health insurance facilities to its people.
For people above 65 years of age the health care facility is provided free of
cost and for the others the cost is minimal. In fact one of the major
expenditure of the government includes spending on Medicare and health
insurance to its people. Private partnerships are also encouraging in this
regard. Federal spending in the year 2012 was 23% which was the highest among
its spending budget <sup>12</sup>.The state run health departments impart
health care facilities for all age groups. The child care facility, infant care
and pregnant woman care facilities have been identified into separate
departments. The number of fatalities during childbirth and infant mortality
rates have come down substantially <sup>13</sup>. Improvement in health facilities
has enriched the population with improved abilities which in turn helps in
earning good income. This brings down the level of poverty. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">VI.
Refundable tax credits help raise the income <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The refundable tax credit program started under the
EITC (Earned Income Tax Credit) program and CTC program. The main purpose of
this program is to offset the payroll taxes. It works well for a family as it
is the added benefit of a family living at the minimum wage level <sup>14</sup>.
The earnings of a minimum wage worker accounts for only 61 percent when he supports
a family of four people. With the accounting of the payroll taxes the earnings increase to 87
percent of the line of poverty <sup>15</sup>. Here it shows that a family’s
economic status rises with the provision of payroll taxes given by the EITC.
Not only this , the earnings from the tax credits also rise with the rise in
the income of the family. This improves the economic conditions of the people
and help them to rise above the poverty line. The tax credits also work as an
incentive to earn more as its accounting depends on the level of income earned.
With the rise in income families can look forward to fulfilling the educational
needs of their children. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">VII.
Benefits to the elderly<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The elderly people above the age of 65 years are
worth mentioning for the numerous welfare schemes run by the state to uplift their
condition. The calculation of their benefits also depends on notch cohorts
which excludes those born between 1917-1921. The calculation of benefits to the
elderly is free from the effects of the recession as it is not counted on the
present earnings <sup>16</sup>. The state basically funds the elderly so that
they may be able to stay without any dependency or support from others.The
expenditures on their social security has been very instrumental in bringing
down the poverty rate. In the year 2000 the per capita expenditure on elderly
went to $4000 with a steep reduction of 0.3% in their poverty line <sup>17</sup>.
With the rise in expenses on social security measures for the elderly the level
of poverty has reduced. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">VIII.
Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Eradication
of poverty by bringing down the level of poverty is an important duty of the
state. This is the reason why the government at all levels of governance has
initiated a number of social security measures to safeguard the interest of the
poor people. The state provides provisions of food, child care, health,
education and sustenance for the elderly in various ways. These measures not
only support the needy but also help them to come out of the state of being
poor. The state run programs have brought positive changes to the U.S society
and economy. The Federal spending has increased over the years. Higher spending
is on health care with accounts for 26% and providing pensions for the elderly
which is 24% in the future plan of 2014 <sup>18</sup>. The federal and state
initiatives have greatly helped the people in coming out of poverty. The
programs have been successful in raising the living standards of the people.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 180.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Table 1 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Program Participation Status of
Household<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-insideh: none; mso-border-insidev: none; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">All races<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Household received means tested
assistance in percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Household received food stamps in
percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Household received Medicaid in percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Household received housing assistance
in percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Total<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">74.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">50.6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">61.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">14.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Under 6 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">91.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">69.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">82.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">19.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">6-17 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">91.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">64.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">77.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">18.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Under 18 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">90.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">64.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">79.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">18.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">18 to 24 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">64.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">41.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">51.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">13.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">25 to 34 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">73.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">49.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">61.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">12.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">35 to 44 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">76.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">50.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">61.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">12.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">45 to 54 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">70.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">47.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">53.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">12.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">55 to 59 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">62.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">40.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">47.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">15.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">60 to 64 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">54.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">33.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">41.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">12.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">65 years and over<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">48.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">28.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">35.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">14.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">65 to 74 years<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">53.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">32.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">41.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">12.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.75pt;" width="128">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">75 years and over<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.65pt;" width="108">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">42.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">24.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">29.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">15.4</span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Source-
U.S. Census Bureau, Current population survey 2013, Annual and Social Economic
Supplement, Number in thousands<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">POV26:
Program Participation Status of Household – Poverty Status of people 2012</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 180.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Table 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 36.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Weighted Person Count, Families Below 100% of
poverty<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 4.65pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 295px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">States<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Below 100% of poverty<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Standard error<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">United States<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">11.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Alabama<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">13.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.1pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background: white; height: 12.1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Alaska<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 12.1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">8.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 12.1pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Arizona<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">13.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Arkansas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">17.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">California<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">13.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Colorado<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Connecticut<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">7.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Delaware<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">12.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Columbia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">17.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Florida<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">11.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Georgia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">13.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hawaii<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">10.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 14;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Idaho<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">10.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Illinois<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 16;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Indiana<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">12.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 17;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Iowa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">7.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 18;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kansas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 19;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kentucky<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">15.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 20;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Louisiana<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">17.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 21;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Maine<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">10.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 22;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Maryland<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">7.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 23;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Massachusetts<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 24;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Michigan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">10.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 25;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Minnesota<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">7.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 26;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mississippi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">19.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 27;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Missouri<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">11.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 28;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Montana<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 29;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nebraska<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 30;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nevada<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">12.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 31;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Hampshire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 32;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">New Jersey<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">7.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 33;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">New Mexico<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">16.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 34;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">New York<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">13.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 35;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">N.Carolina<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">13.6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 36;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">North Dakota<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">7.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 37;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ohio<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">11.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 38;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Oklahoma<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">14.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 39;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Oregon<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 40;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pennsylvania<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 41;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Rhode Island<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">10.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 42;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">S Carolina<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">13.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 43;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">South Dakota<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">8.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 44;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tennessee<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">13.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 45;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Texas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">14.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 46;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Utah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 47;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Vermont<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">8.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 48;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Virginia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">7.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 49;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Washington<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 50;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">West Virginia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">12.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 51;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Wisconsin<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">0.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 52; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 80.15pt;" valign="bottom" width="107">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Wyoming<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 69.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="92">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">6.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: white; height: 15.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="96">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Source: </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">U.S.
Census Bureau, Current Population Survey 2013, Annual Social and Economic
Supplement. Number in thousands, standard errors calculated using replicate
weights, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><a href="http://www.census.gov/prod/techdoc/cps/cpsmar13.pdf">www.census.gov/prod/techdoc/cps/cpsmar13.pdf</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 180.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Table 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Annual
Average Change in SNAP for women, infants and children’s participation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-insideh: none; mso-border-insidev: none; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Period<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Total participants<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(in thousands)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Women and infants<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Children<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Births<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1976-1979<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">285<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">136<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">149<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">88<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">44.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">45.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">44.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1980-1983<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">264<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">143<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">121<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">36<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">14.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">16.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">13.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1984-1989<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">264<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">157<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">107<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">67<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">8.6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">7.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1990-1992<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">428<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">233<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">196<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9.6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1993-1996<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">224<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">91<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">132<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1997-2000<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-7.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">23<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-94<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">59<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-1.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-2.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2001-2003<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">146<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">55<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">92<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2004-2007<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">164<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">113<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">50<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">57<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2008-2009<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">418<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">74<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">344<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-93<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4.9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">8.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-2.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2010<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">53<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-94<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">147<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-124<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 68.4pt;" valign="top" width="91">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Percent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-2.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 54.0pt;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-3.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Source : </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><a href="http://www.ers.usda.gov/media/914042/eib100.pdf">http://www.ers.usda.gov/media/914042/eib100.pdf</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 180.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Notes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> World Health
Organization: Health Topics- Poverty its definition, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://www.who.int/topics/poverty/en/">http://www.who.int/topics/poverty/en/</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> World Health
Organization: Health and development - Poverty and health, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://www.who.int/hdp/poverty/en/">http://www.who.int/hdp/poverty/en/</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Thomas B.
Edsall, ‘Who is poor?’, Opinionator- The Opinion pages, Journal The New York
Times, March 13, 2013</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Tim Worstall,
Astonishing Numbers: America’s poor still live better than most of the rest of
humanity, Forbes Magazine, Jan 6, 2013, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://goo.gl/G8yx8I">http://goo.gl/G8yx8I</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-variant: small-caps;">Peter Townsend and David Gordon, World Poverty: New Policies to
Defeat an old enemy</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">, 2002, The Policy Press, p 150</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Milton Friedman,
<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Capitalism and Freedom</span>,
Chapter-11: Social Welfare Measures</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peter Townsend
and David Gordon<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">, World Poverty: New
Policies to Defeat an old enemy</span>, 2002, The Policy Press, p 65</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Arloc Sherman,
Danilo Trisi and Sharon Parrott, Various supports for low income families
reduce poverty: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Analysis of New
Census Poverty Data , Sept 2011, National Women’s Law Center, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://www.nwlc.org/analysis-new-2010-census-poverty-data-%E2%80%93-september-2011">http://www.nwlc.org/analysis-new-2010-census-poverty-data-%E2%80%93-september-2011</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">U.S Family
benefit schemes, U.S gov census</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Paul Polak<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">, Out of Poverty: What Works When Traditional
Approaches fail</span>, Berett- Koehler Publishers, p 137</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">12)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">William H.
Stewart, M.D, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">The positive impact of
Medicare on the Nation’s Health Care Systems</span>, p 3</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">13)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">William H.
Stewart, M.D, The positive impact of Medicare on the Nation’s Health Care
Systems, p 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">website Tax
credit and benefits , Ministry of Finance, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://www.fin.gov.on.ca/en/taxcredits/">http://www.fin.gov.on.ca/en/taxcredits/</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">15)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Arloc Sherman,
Danilo Trisi and Sharon Parrott, EITC (Earned Income Tax Credit) and Child Tax
Credit: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">16)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hartley Dean, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Understanding Human Need</span>, The Policy
Press Series, p – 122</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">17)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Social Security
and Elderly Poverty, website- The National Bureau of Economic Research, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://www.nber.org/bah/summer04/w10466.html">http://www.nber.org/bah/summer04/w10466.html</a></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">See </span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">website
USgovernmentspending.com, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://www.usgovernmentspending.com/year_budget_2014USbf_15bs1n#usgs302">http://www.usgovernmentspending.com/year_budget_2014USbf_15bs1n#usgs302</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 200%;">Bibliography</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 33.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Articles<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Arloc Sherman, Danilo Trisi and Sharon Parrott, EITC
(Earned Income Tax Credit) and Child Tax Credit: Center on Budget and Policy
Priorities<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Poverty: Growth or safety net, The Economist, Sept
21, 2013<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 18pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Thomas
B. Edsall, ‘Who is poor?’, Opinionator- The Opinion pages, Journal The New York
Times, March 13, 2013</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 18pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tim
Worstall, Astonishing Numbers: America’s poor still live better than most of
the rest of humanity, Forbes Magazine, Jan 6, 2013, </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://goo.gl/G8yx8I"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://goo.gl/G8yx8I</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 33.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">Books</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 18pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peter
Townsend and David Gordon<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">, World Poverty:
New Policies to Defeat an old enemy</span>, 2002, The Policy Press, p 150<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-variant: small-caps;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Paul
Polak<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">, Out of Poverty: What Works When
Traditional Approaches fail, </span>p 137<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 18pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Milton
Friedman, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Capitalism and Freedom</span>,
Chapter-11: Social Welfare Measures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 14.25pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">William
H. Stewart, M.D, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">The positive impact of
Medicare on the Nation’s Health Care Systems</span>, p 13<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Hartley Dean, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Understanding Human Need</span>, The Policy Press Series, p – 122<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 33.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Websites<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 18pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Social
Security and Elderly Poverty, website- The National Bureau of Economic
Research, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://www.nber.org/bah/summer04/w10466.html">http://www.nber.org/bah/summer04/w10466.html</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 12pt 0cm 10pt 18pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> USgovernmentspending.com, </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.usgovernmentspending.com/year_budget_2014USbf_15bs1n#usgs302"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://www.usgovernmentspending.com/year_budget_2014USbf_15bs1n#usgs302</span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> Tax credit and benefits , Ministry of Finance,
</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.fin.gov.on.ca/en/taxcredits/"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">http://www.fin.gov.on.ca/en/taxcredits/</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Analysis
of New Census Poverty Data , Sept 2011, National Women’s Law Center, </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.nwlc.org/analysis-new-2010-census-poverty-data-%E2%80%93-september-2011"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://www.nwlc.org/analysis-new-2010-census-poverty-data-%E2%80%93-september-2011</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">World
Health Organization: Health Topics- Poverty its definition, </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://www.who.int/topics/poverty/en/">http://www.who.int/topics/poverty/en/</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><b><i>Our vast array of academic support services
ensure that you score good grades without much hassle. We are here to take care
of tasks like essays, dissertations, theses, homework and research on your
behalf and provide you with top quality work. Our writers at <a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a> are
qualified, dedicated and diligent individuals who are able to write any
customized paper for you according to your guidance.</i></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><b><i>There are many students who need to write a
number of good quality essays in a short time and you could be one of them. If
you are looking for essay help, you will not find a more reliable and efficient
service than what we offer. With some help from us, you can be confident that
you will get high grades. Send your order/queries to <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a> to know
more. </i></b></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-38031466615604885152014-06-22T14:11:00.001-07:002014-06-22T14:14:04.457-07:00Essay Writing Help<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="text-align: left;">Are stringent rules and tight deadlines
making your assignments seem like an impossible task? We are here to provide
you the best possible help with assignment. Our experts specialize in
assignment writing and will write original and unique assignments for you. At </span><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/" style="text-align: left;">www.sampleassignment.com</a><span style="text-align: left;">, we are
committed to give you top quality help with assignments and are available 24/7
for the same.</span></div>
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"> <iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/oqiPKTLpeQA?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Dissertation writing help is something that
every student requires. If you are also looking for a professional service
which can provide you excellent dissertation writing help, you have reached
your destination. You can avail of original dissertations based on thorough
research and appropriate language. Please send your queries/orders to <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a>. Our
qualified and sincere writers will help you with exceptional quality
dissertations. </span></div>
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-79305669023249662082014-05-22T19:21:00.003-07:002014-05-22T19:21:58.635-07:00Australian Health Care System Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<strong><span lang="EN-AU">Australian Heath Care Systems Primary Heath Care Principles</span></strong></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Impact
of the ageing population on the health care system<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The ageing population has of Australia is indeed a
potential threat to the community as a whole. Firstly, there would be lack of
specialized medical practitioners who are young, dynamic and possess the up to
date knowledge of medical science industry. It is also assumed and predicted
that the older generation is not much of a technology follower and thus the use
of technology in the health care systems is possibly hindered by the ageing
population. The ageing population requires curing of fatal and severe health
related issues in comparison to the complaints of the younger generation. This
in itself is a given increase to the costs of the health care systems for the
end users and for the governing officials Sylva (1997).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/--0pTz9f4Wr0/U36wlnXl7LI/AAAAAAAAFZI/daPn16owdbY/s1600/Markets-and-Medicine.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/--0pTz9f4Wr0/U36wlnXl7LI/AAAAAAAAFZI/daPn16owdbY/s1600/Markets-and-Medicine.png" height="184" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Medicare
System<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A Medicare system is an initiative by the government
to aid the citizens of the Australia to get medical cover and the same can be
used to get subsidized rates of medical expenses via the help of the
government. There are many private players which give the same medical benefits
and the role of insurance for medical problems plays a crucial role in this
regard Wadsworth (1997).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">National
Health and Hospitals Reform Commission<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Key Themes of the National Health and Hospitals
Reform Commission focuses on taking responsibility, this account for
responsibility not only for the immediate family members but also for the society
as a whole. There are other key themes associated like connecting care, facing
inequities etc. these set of values can be achieved only if the governing
officials adopt a proactive approach for the fulfillment of the required
actions and steps. The government should make aware the citizens by actively
running campaigns for managing stress, eating nutritional food etc. they should
bring into practice an ethical and comprehensive Medicare system which also
serves the need of the needful rather than serving to only the well of part of
the society. The culture of the Medicare industry should be highly reflective
in nature and should focus on constant improvement. The pitfalls and the short
comings should be well identified and this should be well backed up with the
responses and measures which cater to improvements in the field of technology.
It is also the responsibility of the Federal government to provide non partisan
and clear leadership measure with appropriate scope of transparency at the
operational levels for the common man to be aware of. This also calls for
raising public voice and their opinion should be well considered and regarded
on the related issues of health management and promotion Wadsworth (1997).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Other
influences on the Australian heath system<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Private
Health Insurance<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Many major players exist in the corporate arena
these days, thus the margin and scope for providing incorrect services is very
less. Moreover, the private health sector is assumed to have a good reputation
amongst end customer as the same is viewed as with better capabilities,
personnel and infrastructure in comparison to the public sector health care
facilities. The rate of response is also very high and the dependency of the
common man on the government affairs is highly reduced. On the other hand, the
cost of using private health care system is really huge compared to public
sector. One has to understand the various tradeoffs that are inherent in the
two alternate approaches of getting medical help Mathers (1994).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Work
Cover<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Work Cover is the right of the employees that they
are covered under medical benefits. Some corporate organizations offer extensive
meical plans which not only cover the medical expenses of the employees, but
also that of the immediate family members of the employee. The benefits
increases of the employee faces a threat to his medical condition while working
for the organization such as in the case of an engineer facing injury while
unlading a heavy consignment Mathers (1994).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">TAC<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Accidents can occur at any point of time. A rational
person is not expected to be involved in any accidents; it is caused by some
mis-happenings while travelling or anything else. Thus, the government should
appropriately consider the record of the past to put in place a system which
follows stringent rules and regulations for taking care such of such intense
issues.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PBS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">There at instances when a particular individual or
family requires regular use of a particular prescribed medicine at a great
frequency and regularly. That is when the role of Pharmaceutical Benefit scheme
comes in handy as then the specific medicines can be purchased at a lower and
subsidized rate Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (1998).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Scenario<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Both the options have associated pros and cons. The benefits
of covering up for public health care system are certainly offering support for
the community as it not only caters to the needs of oneself but also for the
community. The conventional and traditional values have approached the public
health care systems right from the very beginning in Australia. The government
spends immensely on the research for the refinement of this industry so that it
becomes a better means to serve the needs of the citizens of Australia.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">On the other hand, the private sector, in this
globalised world offers state of the art technology and prompts responses
sometimes as quickly as getting responses on sending a text. The quality of the
offering cannot be matched at by any stretch of imagination. Health cover is
important for an individual and for a family. Due to various specialized
offerings and huge range of incredible service, the private sector is indeed a
costlier affair OECD (1999).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Thus, it boils down to a cost benefit analysis. It
is based heavily upon the financial status of an individual as to what options
can be analyzed. In the given scenario, with part time working job and still a student,
it would be better to stick in and continue with the public health care system.
Once, the age assumes more responsibility and there would be family to look
after, then the options of private insurance must be considered and given
serious thought. This would also be backed with strong financial back up like
the sister in the given scenario. Thus, it is not recommended to select the
private health care system as there are no serious health problems given and
also the cost of signing up for private insurance is very high as compared to
public sector Sylva (1997).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">References<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Australian Institute of Health and
Welfare (AIHW) (1998), <i>Australia’s Health, 1998</i>,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">AIHW Cat. No. AUS10, Canberra.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development (OECD) (1999), OECD<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Economic Surveys, 1998-1999 </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
Australia, Paris.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mathers, C., 1994, ‘Health differentials
among adult Australians aged 25-64 years’,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Health Monitoring Series No. 1</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
AGPS, Canberra.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sylva, K (1997), ‘Critical periods in
childhood learning’, <i>British Medical Bulletin</i>, 53,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">pp.185-97<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Wadsworth, M (1997), ‘Changing social
factors and their long term implications for<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">health’, <i>British Medical Bulletin</i>, 53,
pp.198-209.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-large;"><span style="line-height: 24px;"><b><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; text-align: left;">Our aim is to help you cope with all kinds of assignments, projects, homework, essays, research and everything else that encompasses academic support. You will find us available at any hour of th</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; text-align: left;">e day, every day, to sort out your assignment-related problems and queries. At <a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/" rel="nofollow nofollow" style="color: #3b5998; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">www.sampleassignment.com</a> we are more than happy to write top quality customized papers for you even within strictest deadlines.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-25194631158891484772014-05-22T03:22:00.001-07:002014-05-22T03:22:16.360-07:00Operations Management Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU">Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The
objective of this report is to identify a key operations management issue in
not for profit organisation in Melbourne Victoria by the name ‘Eastern
Volunteers’. The report identifies the current issues which the not for profit
organisation is facing and provides recommendations to bring upon a change in
the same by the virtue of recommendations that are included in the report.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The
report begins with a brief background information of the not for profit
organisation and then moves on to discuss the internal environment of the not
for profit organisation. Further, the concepts of the operations management has
been applied to gain a deeper understanding of the specific issues which the
not for profit organisation is facing in the contemporary times. The last parts
of the report provide a set of recommendations which can be used by the
organisation to overcome the identified shortcoming. The report ends with a
brief conclusion that ties the contents of the report together (</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Berry 1992).</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460659"><span lang="EN-AU">Background
Information of the Company</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Eastern
Volunteers was originally incorporate in the year 1976 under the name
Volunteers unlimited. There primary objective is to provide transportation
services to the old aged, needy and disabled people especially in those areas
where public transport is relatively weaker. These parts include the outer
suburbs of Melbourne and other areas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460660"><span lang="EN-AU">Specific
Operational Issue</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The
main operations issue that the not for profit organisation “Eastern Volunteers”
is facing relates to creation of a schedule that allows them to ferry more service
users per trip. This is more significant because the organisation is limited by
funds and also the number of volunteers, drivers and vehicles are fixed and
hence a judicious use of the resources is desirable. Although, the organisation
deals in providing a number of other activities as well, this report only
discusses the transport service and the related issues for the purpose of
simplicity (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Whitford 1998).</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460661"><span lang="EN-AU">Flow
Chart of the Operations of the Organisation</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460661"><span lang="EN-AU"><br /></span></a></div>
<div>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460661"><span lang="EN-AU"><br /></span></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Znyai-nYph4/U33O_W0udgI/AAAAAAAAFYs/q9tUDLH9LQE/s1600/OM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Znyai-nYph4/U33O_W0udgI/AAAAAAAAFYs/q9tUDLH9LQE/s1600/OM.png" height="181" width="320" /></a><span style="text-align: left;"> </span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: -23.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 709px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 266.25pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 266.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 531.65pt;" valign="top" width="709">
<table align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td height="23" width="11"></td>
<td width="601"></td>
<td width="11"></td>
<td width="34"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="18"></td>
<td align="left" rowspan="3" valign="top"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460662" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-AU"><b><span style="line-height: 200%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 32px;">Situation</span><span style="line-height: 200%;"> Analysis of the Operations in the organisation.</span></b></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">The
main issue that concerns the organisation relates to the fact that they are
limited by the number of vehicles, the number of drivers and also the number of
volunteers that make up the staff. As an example, if a service transport
request is made from Burwood to Hawthorn on 7</span><sup style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">th</sup><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"> Dec 2013 at 11:30 am
and another request is made from Box Hill to West Richmond at 1:00pm, then the
management can potentially plan a common vehicle to address both the needs at
the same trip. It might involve requesting one of the clients to adjust their
timing slightly, but can offer and result in savings for Eastern Volunteers as
a whole. Another added advantage of this implementation is the fact that
service users build up their own network by meeting different people which one
may assume that they would appreciate. Also, there is a greater possibility of
increasing the word of mouth publicity for Eastern Volunteers.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460663"><span lang="EN-AU">Opportunities to change the current operations
in the organisation</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The
opportunity for eastern volunteers lies in ensuring that there is a better
mechanism of fulfilling the service request. One of the possible measures is to
use dedicated software which would automatically detect the best possible route
and timings given the service request of a particular day. On the contrary, an
organisation like Eastern Volunteers will have to carefully work out the cost
structure to use dedicated software like that. The current situation demands a
manual schedule which provides them almost the same benefit which the expensive
dedicated software would provide (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Grönroos 2001).</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460664"><span lang="EN-AU">Resources
to be utilised for improving the current operations</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Eastern
Volunteers need a dedicated volunteer who would be carefully planning the
service requests for transportation for the users on a daily basis. As stated
above, the organisation would ultimately like to move to use a state of the art
technological tool to serve this purpose. However, given the financial
constraints, the company would not be able to afford such a tool, but they
would certainly like to make use of that in the future. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460665"><span lang="EN-AU">Technology
and Human Resource Issues</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The
section above denotes the need of the human resource and the technology. Both
the types of resources are desirable for the not for profit organisation.
However, the plan of action would to start with the manual system first to
overcome the identified shortcoming and then move on to the technology phase at
a later stage (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Varey 1995).</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460666"><span lang="EN-AU">Application of the Operations Management Issue</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The above identified issue is applied to the five main
performance objectives of operations management:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460667"><span lang="EN-AU">Performance
objective of operations management</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumShading2" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: -22.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 2.25pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 2.25pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 699px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 33.5pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #D8D8D8; border-top: solid windowtext 2.25pt; border: none; height: 33.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-background-themeshade: 216; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.65pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 80;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Speed:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D8D8D8; border-top: solid windowtext 2.25pt; border: none; height: 33.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-background-themeshade: 216; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 451.85pt;" valign="top" width="602">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The resolution to the above identified issue would
increase the level of efficiency of Eastern Volunteer services and will also
reduce the time per request. Hence, performance is likely to be improved by a
proper resolution is achieved.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 51.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: #D8D8D8; border: none; height: 51.9pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-background-themeshade: 216; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.65pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 16;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Flexibility:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 51.9pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 451.85pt;" valign="top" width="602">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The issue discussed above involves a great degree of
flexibility as the plans of the service users can never be anticipated or
planned. The management would always have to be pro active to be able to
manage adequately.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 48.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: #D8D8D8; border: none; height: 48.55pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-background-themeshade: 216; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.65pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 80;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Dependability:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D8D8D8; border: none; height: 48.55pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-background-themeshade: 216; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 451.85pt;" valign="top" width="602">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The trust of the service users is directly
contingent upon the quality of the service they receive. Hence, the service
users are depending upon Eastern Volunteers in order to avail their
respective services.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 41.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background: #D8D8D8; border: none; height: 41.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-background-themeshade: 216; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.65pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 16;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Quality:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 41.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 451.85pt;" valign="top" width="602">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">It has to be ensured that in
order to save on two trips, the quality of the service experience is not
affected. The volunteer drivers must not show assigns of panic that they are
in a hurry to take the other service user as well from another location.
Thus, everything should be planned in a comprehensive manner and in the case
of a service user not agreeing to share the vehicle; it should not be forced
upon him or her.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 39.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: #D8D8D8; border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt; border: none; height: 39.35pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-background-themeshade: 216; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 72.65pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-yfti-cnfc: 80;">
<b><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Costs:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D8D8D8; border-bottom: solid windowtext 2.25pt; border: none; height: 39.35pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-background-themeshade: 216; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 451.85pt;" valign="top" width="602">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The primary objective of
providing a resolution to this issue is the fact that it will result in
saving extra costs involved for the organisation. Hence, it is directly
related to improving the performance of the organisation (Eastern Volunteers
2013)</span><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2>
<span lang="EN-AU"> </span></h2>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460668"><span lang="EN-AU">Changes to performance and outcome</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The
changes would be to make aware the service that they are encouraged to book a
service request at least two to three days in advance so that the management
and operations team are in a much better position to plan the trip and the
visit properly. Also, the change would include ensuring that no close service
requests are left unattended by the management and the operations team. Also,
as ‘Eastern Volunteers’ grow, there would be a required change to increase the
number of volunteers, volunteer drivers and the number of vehicles as that
would be the need of the hour (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">McQuire 1999).</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460669"><span lang="EN-AU">Recommended improvements</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The
number of service requests made in the last six months would be analysed to
judge the number of service requests in the coming days. Although, the accurate
number of service requests cannot be known, the analysis of the last six months
can provide a fair idea. Also, a dedicated professional is desired by ‘Eastern
Volunteers’ who would essentially look after managing the service requests of
the upcoming latest requests of the new service users.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460670"><span lang="EN-AU">Cost
Structure</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">The
current costs involved for ‘Eastern Volunteers’ pertaining only to the
transport services accumulates to monthly expenditure of 2000 AUD. This
structure does not have any provision for adjusting for two service request at
the same time as is proposed in the current report. Although, it would
difficult to estimate by how much the same can be reduced. The organisation
would like to target spending 1400 AUD monthly. That would result in savings of
7200 AUD annually which the organisation can use in other marketing endeavours
and promotion of the organisation (Eastern Volunteers 2013)</span><span lang="EN-AU">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460671"><span lang="EN-AU">Recommendations</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">A
number of changes are recommended in this report which can be utilised by the
management and operations team both to improve the service quality offering of
the organisation and also to address the specific issue at hand which is
highlighted in the report.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Covering
two service requests at the cost of one, especially those request which lie in
close proximities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Hiring
or using the service of a dedicated professional who would only be responsible
for managing the service requests by using a dedicated city map on a daily
basis (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Greene
1994).</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Using
the manual system initially and then using a modernised technological method to
address the issue at hand.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460672"><span lang="EN-AU">Conclusion</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">This
report highlights the importance of effectively addressing and dealing with a
operations management issue confronting an organisation. The concepts that has
been applied are specifically related to the not for profit organisation
‘Eastern Volunteers’. It has been learnt by the virtue of this report that an
organisation needs to be highly proactive while anticipating the concerns which
the company might face. There is also a need to assess carefully the identified
shortcoming so that the efficiency of the organisation can be improved in an
overall manner.</span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc374460673"><span lang="EN-AU">References</span></a><span lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Berry, LL & Parasuraman, A 1992,
‘Services marketing starts from within’, <i>Marketing Management</i>, Winter,
pp. 25–34.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Eastern Volunteers 2013 , ‘Welcome to
Eastern Volunteers’, <i>About Us, </i>Eastern
volunteers retrieved from </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">http://www.easternvolunteers.org.au/about/
Accessed 10<sup>th</sup> Dec 2013.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Greene, WE, Walls, GD & Schrest, LJ 1994,
‘Internal marketing: The key to external marketing success’, <i>Journal of
Services Marketing</i>, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 5–13.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Grönroos, C 2001, ‘Managing internal marketing: A
prerequisite for successfully managing customer relationships’, in <i>Service
Management and Marketing: A Customer Relationship Management Approach</i>, 2nd
edn, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, pp. 330–55.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">McQuire, L 1999, <i>Australian services marketing
and management</i>, Macmillan Education Australia, Melbourne.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Varey, RJ 1995, ‘Internal marketing: A review and
some interdisciplinary research challenges’, <i>International Journal of
Service Industry Management</i>, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 40–63.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Whitford, B 1998, <i>Customer Service Excellence:
How Organisations in Australia Are Exceeding Customer Expectations</i>,
Beaumont Publishing House, Subiaco, WA.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-large;"><b><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Our assignment help experts are committed
to help you with your assignments, research, theses, homework, dissertations
and projects in all important subjects like Science, Math, Finance, Accounting,
Programming, HRM and everything else that encompasses academic support. Feel
free to send your queries or orders to <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a>. We help
you achieve your study course with our exclusive customized services and
guidance.</span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-73149747416349105992014-05-21T02:02:00.003-07:002014-05-21T02:02:36.179-07:00Case Costing Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Overview<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The
objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the general steps that are
taken to cost a given case in general and apply the knowledge to the case of
Ontario Case Costing in particular. Case Costing is defined as an accounting
procedure that involves all types of direct and indirect costs that are
involved in a particular care unit for providing service to a patient (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Gray et al, 2004)</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">. It is also referred to as cost accounting, activity
based costing and patent-level costing. Case Costing is used at different
levels in health care system in Canada which includes individual, regional,
provincial and national level among others (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Gray et al, 2004).</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Breakup of the total cost involved<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">There
are many factors that work together when a service is provided at a hospital.
Some of the most basic examples include the actual treatment, specialised equipments
used for diagnosing the problem and addressing it, the things utilised by the
patient, meals taken, involved cost of the hospitality staff, cost of the drugs
that are used, building costs, laboratory costs to name a few (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Frolich, 1998)</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">. Hence, the actual cost involves a number of smaller
units and factors which are to be considered while providing the actual cost to
the service user and which make up the actual cost (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Yong et al, 2009).</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fSGdE3wUfFg/U3xrTR63rVI/AAAAAAAAFXQ/LuDCxfWa2ro/s1600/download.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fSGdE3wUfFg/U3xrTR63rVI/AAAAAAAAFXQ/LuDCxfWa2ro/s1600/download.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Estimating the cost per user<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> </span></b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The service provider provides costs to the individual
service users by defining the costs involved of their staff members, estimating
their own costs involved in the services. They also specific formulas using
which they can get close to determine the per head cost of an individual
service user (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Genest, 2009)</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">. This also
means that more number of augmented services a service provider offers, more
would be the per cost unit for the individual user. The objective of using
these specialised tools in estimating the costs is to ensure that there is a
higher degree of transparency in the operations, there is a stringent control
over the expenditure involved and also for improving the overall health care
industry services (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Yong et al, 2009).</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">How are costs determined? : Types of Costs involved<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> </span></b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Costing systems differ in different organisations; the
most common method is to use micro costing (specific items used by a service
user) and allocating methods (allocation of general expenditures). The costing
also involved direct and indirect variables, direct costs from the part of
micro costing whereas indirect costs are a part of allocated costs (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Frolich, 1998)</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">. Overhead expenses are generally the recurring
expenses of a business organisation and are a typical example of an indirect
cost. Apart from this, the costs can be distinguished as fixed and variable,
fixed costs do not change with the volume whereas variable costs changes as
volume changes (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Yong et al, 2009).</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The
next section of this paper describes the Ontario Case Costing Initiative
(OCCI). OCCI are standards that are followed by all the hospitals and health
care service providers to ensure that the costs that they are charging to the
end users are fair, justified and transparent. The standards also offer
dedicated and specialised software which eases the computation of different
kinds of costs involved and bring in a greater degree of efficiency at the operational
level. It further helps in improved decision making for the senior management
and helps tremendously in the planning processes as well (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Gray et al, 2004).</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The
standard is also utilised as a database for research purposes as huge amount of
data is stored in the system. It followed a set standard of methodologies and
procedures to help in exactly determining the actual costs for the organisation
as a whole and for the service user as an individual. OCCI has also faced
several challenges owing to different kinds of organisational culture which
utilises the generalised form of systems in their respective organisations (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Genest, 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">References</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 150%;">
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>BIBLIOGRAPHY <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Frolich, J. (1998). Rationale for
and Outline of the Recommendations of the Working Group <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">on Hypercholesterolemia and Other
Dyslipidemias: Interim Reprto. Dyslipidemia <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"> Working Group of Health
Canada. <i>Canadian Journal Cardiology</i> , 17 A- 21 A.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Genest, J. (2009). 2009 Canadian
Cardiovascular Society/Canadian Guidelines for the <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Diagnosis and Treatment of
Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease i<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"> n the Adult—2009
Recommendations. <i>Canadia Journal of Cardiology</i> , 567-579.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Gray, M. S. (2004). A Longitudinal
Study of the Effects of Age and Time to Death on <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hospital Costs. <i>Journal of Health
Economics</i> <i>, 23</i> (2), 217-235.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Yong, A. P. (2009). Population Aging
and Its Implications on Aggregate Health Care <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;">Demand: Empirical Evidence from 22
OECD Countries. <i>International Joiurnal of <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<w:sdt docparttype="Bibliographies" docpartunique="t" id="375011556" sdtdocpart="t">
<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-ansi-language:EN-IN;mso-fareast-language:
EN-IN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></w:sdt><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Health Care Finance
& Economics</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <i>, 9</i> (4), 391-402.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 18.399999618530273px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 18.399999618530273px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 18.399999618530273px;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">When you need to accomplish a lot in a
short span of time, you need a lot of hard work and skill. You might have the
ability but not sufficient time to come up with the best possible assignments.
Don’t worry, contact us on <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a>
and we will be glad to help you with your assignments. Rest assured that the
most problematic of assignments will get done in time. </span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-28128793378891980352014-05-20T02:19:00.002-07:002014-05-20T02:19:57.552-07:00Strategic Management Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975091"><span lang="EN-US">Abstract</span></a></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Strategic marketing
is the process which is useful to focus on the organizational resources to obtain
the optimum opportunities from the market. These strategies are used with the
long term goals and objectives of the company to increase its profitability. Strategic
marketing also applies the principles of the marketing to determine its importance
in the organization. In addition, it is also helpful to conduct a strategic analysis
by considering internal and external factors that affect the decisions of marketing
(Pride and Ferrell, 2011). The impact of these factors can be reduced through the
top level decisions and choice to obtain competitive advantages. The strategic
marketing can be made effective through using the appropriate communication
channel to interact with the consumers. </span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975092"><span lang="EN-US">1. Principles of Marketing</span></a></h1>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975093"><span lang="EN-US">1.1: Role of Strategic Marketing in an Organization:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">The marketing strategies
play an efficient role to make a successful organization. Marketing strategies identify
and evaluate the opportunities for the organization. These opportunities can be
identified through several sources such as customers and business associates, distribution
system members and technical persons. All these people are helpful to evaluate the
business opportunities to be a successful organization (Ranchhod and Marandi,
2005). In addition, marketing strategies are also significant in the
establishment of new business formulation by focusing on some ideas. These ideas
are useful to make an appropriate business plan which can be sustained in the
current competitive market. This plan must also be convenient to the customers’
needs and demands to that the customer satisfaction can be achieved. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">At the same time,
marketing strategies also determine some specific resources that are required
to run the business. These resources include finance, human resource, capital and
infrastructure. These resources can be obtained effectively through the marketing
strategies. Additionally, the organization can also manage its results with the
help of the marketing strategies (Kotler, Shalowitz and Stevens, 2011). These
strategies help to clarify the potential challenges and their alternative solutions
to improve the business situations. The cost and risks are also evaluated before
implanting business plan, so the possible solution of these risks can also be evaluated.
</span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975094"><span lang="EN-US">1.2: Relationship between Corporate
Strategy and Marketing Strategy:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Corporate and marketing
strategy has a strong relationship within an organization, because both as essential
for the organizational success and growth. The main purpose of organizational marketing
strategy is to enhance the profits, sales and competitive advantages of the
market. The marketing strategy also permits to the enterprise to lead its resources
towards the significant opportunities (Jenster, Hayes and Smith, 2005). This
strategy is also related to the corporate strategy, because it is also dealing
with the expectations of the stakeholders. If, the expectations of the
stakeholders are met, then automatically profit, sales and competitive advantage
would be obtained by the organization. So, it can be said that corporate
strategy and marketing strategy work for organizational growth. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Apart from this, marketing
and corporate strategy are affected by the business decisions taken by the various
stakeholders and investors. Both of these kinds of decisions are based on the organizational
mission and vision. For example, the marketing strategy concentrates on the stability,
atmosphere and comfort of the organized products. The company also focuses on
the current trends and preferences of the customers to sell its products. In
addition, corporate strategy is also important to take decisions for effective
strategies that can help to determine the current trends available in the
market (Leadley and Forsyth, 2004). </span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975095"><span lang="EN-US">1.3: Development of Marketing Strategy:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">The enterprise develops a marketing strategy
to meet with the organizational objectives and goals. Generally, there are five
aspects to develop a marketing strategy to promote its products in the market. First,
customer analysis is an important aspect which helps with the organization in collecting
the information related to the needs, demands and preferences of the customers.
The marketing strategy is developed on the basis of this information (Hillestad
and Berkowitz, 2012). Product development is another aspect of marketing strategy
formulation, because the company needs to change its due to changes in technologies,
product life cycle, innovation and advancement. </span></div>
<div style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Along with this, pricing is another element of
the marketing mix which develops the need of marketing strategy. The marketing decisions
are made on the basis of quality and price of the products to attract more customers.
Fourth, the development of marketing strategy is also needed to ensure about
the brand. For example, the marketing strategy of new entrant and existing companies
would be different, because it depends on the brand value (Farris, Moore and
Buzzell, 2004). Finally, a marketing strategy can also be developed on the
basis of sales and distribution. It developed a strong network to distribute
and sell the product. The marketing strategy improves all these elements through
providing better services and products to the consumers. </span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975096"><span lang="EN-US">2. How to Carry Out Strategic Analysis</span></a></h1>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975097"><span lang="EN-US">2.1: Approaches to Internal Environmental
Analysis:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">In the internal
analysis, some approaches are useful to evaluate the specific features of the
organization such as its resources, core-competition, capabilities,
organization mission, financial structure and strategies which are helpful in
corporate success. The internal environment is analyzed by these five
approaches in an organization. The first approach is value chain analysis which
is useful to identify separate activities and dealing with the process to
design, produces, deliver and support to product or services for creating well
customer value. The next approach is a competitive strength assessment or SWOT
analysis which shows the capability of the firms in the industry and provides
knowledge about its competitive advantage or disadvantage (Ranchhod and
Marandi, 2005). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">A third approach
is internal audit that is useful to the designer makers in various internal
areas of the organization. Internal audit determines the knowledge about the
organizational resources and capabilities of its different areas. The next
approach is an internal environmental analysis process which is useful to assess
the strength and weakness, to investigate the potential strength, and
categories competitive resources (Farris, Moore and Buzzell, 2004). The last
approach is capabilities assessment profile that is helpful to review the
present product market profile, recognize sources of competitive advantage or
disadvantage in the main product-market segments and classifying a past
performance and future goals of the organization.</span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975098"><span lang="EN-US">2.2: Approaches to External Environmental
Analysis:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US">The external environmental analysis
identifies the market and its environmental factors which have an impact on the
business. In this analysis, all approaches provide information about general
environment, competitive environment, strategic groups, successes key factors
and national competitive advantage. It is because; managers always need
information to identify and understand about the external environment.
Basically, three approaches are useful to collect information related to scanning,
monitoring and competitive intelligence, but the company can also use these
approaches for its long term benefits. First, PESTLE analysis identifies
political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors
that provide information to create better strategies and to survive in the competition
to get long term profits (Leadley and Forsyth, 2004). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">The second
approach is porter’s five forces model that describes the performance of the
organization through five kinds of forces. This model accesses five forces that
directly influence the firm and its competitive actions. These forces are
related to threats of new entrants, the power of suppliers, power of buyers,
threats of substitutes and intensity of rivalry among competitors. The 6-W model is another external analysis approach
which evaluates about the needs and demand of the customers (Kotler, Shalowitz
and Stevens, 2011). It is a helpful approach to determine existing and
potential customers, suitable place and time to sell products to the customers
and to find out the reasons behinds dislike about the product. </span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975099"><span lang="EN-US">2.3: Integration of Internal and External
Analysis:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">The integration of
internal and external analysis can be done though input and output from the both
environments. The investigation of company can be useful to understand its
internal and external environments. This method combined with two constitutes
which analyzes the environment in which the company operates. The Internal and
external environmental analyze to develop a strategic plan for the company. For
this, combined goals and objectives must be made to make appropriate
strategies. The strategic and competitive analysis gives opportunities and
threats to the company in the market. Internal analysis accesses to the structure
of the company that enables the firm to make good strategic decision and
information to provide the basis for developing strategic substitute (Jenster,
Hayes and Smith, 2005). On the other hand, external environment analysis
provides information about the opportunities that can lead to higher profits
and reduce the threats in the near future of the organization. </span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975100"><span lang="EN-US">3: Strategic Marketing Decisions and
Choices</span></a></h1>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975101"><span lang="EN-US">3.1: Decisions and Choices at the Corporate
Level:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">The managers take
several decisions on each level of the organization to meet the final objectives.
These decisions and choices are made at function, business and corporate level to
deal with the whole strategic scope of the company. At the corporate level, the
managers made decisions related to arrangement of capital, allocation of staffing
and resources. All these decisions are made for a long term planning with the
big picture of the business (Meek and Meek, 2012). The whole organization is
controlled and overseen through corporate level decisions. They made the
decisions to make strategic planning, corporate policies and to direct the company.
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">In addition,
corporate level choices are also taken by the top employees of the company such
as presidents, boards of directors, CEOs, vice-presidents etc. These people
have to choose the right choice from the top level difficulties. For example, they
have to make choice related to business closure, business disposal, business
acquisition, business reorganization and diversification of the business in another
area. All these choices are quite difficult to choose, because these choices need
proper knowledge, analysis and information to move further (Enis and Roering,
2012). These choices have huge risks, because a wrong choice may lead towards
the failure of the business. </span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975102"><span lang="EN-US">3.2: Influence of Corporate Level Decisions
in Marketing at Business Unit and Functional Level:</span></a><span lang="EN-US">
</span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">The corporate level
decisions have a great impact not only in top level, but also on the marketing
of business unit and functional level. It is because; the organization starts
with the top level decisions. The marketing at business level would be affected,
if the top corporate level does not provide proper support. The corporate level
decisions are concerned with the issues that are facing the organization. The
business level strategies are based on the top level decisions, so the change
in top level decisions would impact on the business level decisions (Drummond,
Ensor and Ashford, 2013). The business level strategies include corporate portfolio
to achieve the targets of the company. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">In addition, function
level units are also affected through the process and decisions of corporate level.
These decisions indirectly affect to the marketing at a functional level,
because they have contact with the customers and suppliers. If, the decisions are
not related to the quality of the products, then function level employees cannot
make appropriate marketing strategy. In addition, the centralized decisions of top
management would have an adverse impact on the marketing decisions (Tsiotsou
and Goldsmith, 2012). </span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975103"><span lang="EN-US">3.3: Approaches to Competitive
Positioning of Organizations:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">There are several
approaches of competitive positing that can be used by the organization. These approaches
are quite significant to gain the competitive position within the industry. First,
the organization can evaluate the market to determine the competitors and how they
have obtained a position. This approach is quite significant to identify the life
cycle stage of the market from introduction, growth, maturity and decline. In
addition, it can also segment to the market to recognize the potential problems
(Doole and Lowe, 2005). These problems can also be solved though reaching to
the customers and to know their wants and needs. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">At the same time,
evaluation of competition is another competitive positioning approach that can be
helpful to obtain a position. In this approach, all the competitors are determined
to find out the level of competition that they are increase and how they are
fighting with the competition. The competitors are also ranked on the basis of
their operational competence, leadership in the products and customer familiarity.
After competitive positioning, the company should also build up a brand
strategy to interact with the customers (Pride and Ferrell, 2011). All these
approaches are quite significant in maintaining competitive petitioning in the
industry. </span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975104"><span lang="EN-US">4: Implementation of Marketing Strategies
to Contribute to Competitive Advantage</span></a></h1>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975105"><span lang="EN-US">4.1: Range of Strategies Contributes to
Competitive Advantage:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">An organization with a sustainable competitive advantage
has a compelling and winning strategy that sets them apart from the other
competitors in the market. From the traditional times, there has a set of
generic strategies that have used by a number of organization which set them
apart as far as competing in the market is concerned. The examples of such
strategies include low cost strategy, differentiation strategy among other
generic strategies. As an example, Walmart (a famous retail chain in the United
States of America) consistently follows a low cost strategy to attract a large
number of customer base. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">It is also a recognized fact that having and possessing
a broad range of strategies also helps in defining the success of an
organization. The competitor in such a case is never able to anticipate the
moves of the organization. The organization is also successful in offering a
wow effect to the end customers as they continue to offer a large number of services
which are highly innovative in nature and scope.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">A competitive advantage in relatively simple terms can
be defined as a differentiating point of an organization which the other counterparts
in the market do not possess. Hence, a focused strategy is imperative to be
followed in order to build upon the competitive advantage in a successful and
viable manner. It is also evident from the above discussion that a range of
different strategies is much more promising in nature than a generalized
following of a fixed strategy.</span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975106"><span lang="EN-US">4.2: Marketing Communication Strategies</span></a></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">The organizations and the marketers in the contemporary
times are making effective use of all the possible channels to reach out in a
customized manner to the end customers. Some of the examples of the recent and
contemporary channels that the marketers utilize include state of the art
technologies like mobile marketing, social media marketing, content marketing,
e-mail marketing etc.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Some of the more innovative organizations have gone a
step ahead and use a blend of the traditional and the modern marketing channels
to make the most of marketing communication as far as offering to the end
customer is concerned. Some of the key essential strategies that are followed
includes delivering a consistent message across different multiple channels with
an objective of communicating the benefits to the end customer. Also, the
marketers stress on the point that the communication must add some kind of
value to the end customer without which it becomes very difficult to persuade
the customer about the benefit of the involved product.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Thus, marketing communication is a tremendous opportunity
for an organization to showcase their product or service to the end customer in
the most subtle and innovative manner as they would like. Considering a few
examples, the organization producing and manufacturing energy drinks by the
name ‘Red Bulls’ are very good at showcasing their online presence. This
creates a good rapport with the end customer and they have huge online
following which ultimately brings the results to their actual physical sales as
well.</span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975107"><span lang="EN-US">4.3: Application and Implementation of
Marketing Strategies:</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">The designing and planning of an effective marketing
strategy is completely different from what the actual implementation of the
strategy is. While the strategy might promise a lot on papers, the actual
challenges that are faced are only understood in their complete nature once the
actual implementation of the marketing strategies takes place. The senior
management often face the problem of change management when the work force or
the human resource might show while adapting to a new strategy and there can be
issues related to legal and political aspects affecting the promotional aspect
of a particular offering (services and goods).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Thus, it is often recommended to keep ample scope for
flexibilities when the actual implementation process of a marketing strategy is
taking place. It is also a good practice to make all the employees,
stakeholders and concerned official well aware of the objectives that are
intended to be achieved by the virtue of following a fully fledged marketing
strategy.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Senior management of marketing organization often
resolves to break the actual implementation of a marketing strategy into
smaller and a number of achievable stages so that they are able to constantly
monitor and control the activities of their marketing plan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Overall, it is rare that everything goes as smooth as
how it was planned in the initial stages and the actual shortcomings are
identified once the actual process is implemented and carried out in real time.
The management is often expected to foresee and anticipate the future so that
they happen to act in a viable manner which results in the best of results for
the concerned organization.</span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975108"><span lang="EN-US">Conclusion</span></a></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">In the
conclusion, it can be expressed that strategic marketing is important for growth
and development of the company. It is learned by the virtue of this report that
Strategic marketing is the process which is useful to focus on the
organizational resources to obtain the optimum opportunities from the market.
These strategies are used with the long term goals and objectives of the
company to increase its profitability. The corporate and marketing strategy
plays a significant role to develop the consumer base. The strategic analysis provides
the better understanding of the market through internal and external analysis of
the company and to integrate them. Strategic marketing decisions and choices of
the organization affects to the competitive positioning, business level and functional
unit marketing. Finally, this paper can also be concluded that the organization
should use different kind of marketing strategies to take competitive advantages
such as communication strategies. <br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 200%; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372975109"><span lang="EN-US">References</span></a></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Doole, I and Lowe, R. (2005) <i>Strategic Marketing Decisions in Global
Markets</i>. USA: Cengage Learning EMEA. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Drummond, G., Ensor, J. and Ashford, R.
(2013) <i>Strategic Marketing</i>, 3<sup>rd</sup>
ed. USA: Routledge. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Enis, B.M. and Roering, K.J. (2012) <i>Review of Marketing 1981</i>. USA: Marketing
Classics Press. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Farris, P.W., Moore, M.J. and Buzzell, R.D.
(2004) <i>The Profit Impact of Marketing Strategy
Project: Retrospect and Prospects</i>. USA: Cambridge University Press. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Hillestad, S.G. and Berkowitz, E.N. (2012) <i>Health Care Market Strategy</i>. USA: Jones
& Bartlett Publishers. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Jenster, P.V., Hayes, H.M. and Smith, D. E.
(2005) <i>Managing Business Marketing &
Sales: An International Perspective</i>. USA: Copenhagen Business School Press
DK. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Kotler, P., Shalowitz, J. and Stevens, R.J.
(2011) <i>Strategic Marketing For Health
Care Organizations: Building A Customer-Driven Health System</i>. USA: John
Wiley & Sons. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Leadley, P. and Forsyth, P. (2004) <i>Marketing: Essential Principles, New
Realities Kogan Page Series</i>. USA: Kogan Page Publishers. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Meek, H. and Meek, R. (2012) <i>CIM Course book 03/04 Strategic Marketing
Management</i>. USA: Routledge. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Pride, W.M. and Ferrell, O.C. (2011) <i>Marketing</i>. USA: Cengage Learning. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Ranchhod, A. and Marandi, E. (2005) <i>Strategic Marketing in Practice</i>. USA:
Routledge. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Tsiotsou, R.H and Goldsmith, R.E. (2012) <i>Strategic Marketing in Tourism Services</i>.
USA: Emerald Group Publishing. </span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">West, D.C., Ford, J. and Ibrahim, E. (2010) <i>Strategic Marketing: Creating Competitive
Advantage</i>, 2<sup>nd</sup> ed. USA: Oxford University Press. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/goog_2093858077"><br /></a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">When you need to accomplish a lot in a
short span of time, you need a lot of hard work and skill. You might have the
ability but not sufficient time to come up with the best possible assignments.
Don’t worry, contact us on <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com">info@sampleassignment.com</a>
and we will be glad to help you with your assignments. Rest assured that the
most problematic of assignments will get done in time. </span></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-48719185196015029292014-05-19T05:43:00.003-07:002014-05-19T05:43:36.940-07:00Biomechanical task analysis of free throw shooting in basketball Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637339"><span lang="EN-US">Introduction</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The shot of free throw is the single most important
shot of the game of Basketball is. More than 20 per cent of most scores in
tournaments of basketball are scored from this shot. The essentiality of the
shot lies in the great percentage of points that it provides to the team
especially during the last 5 minutes than the initial 35 minutes of the game
and is beneficial not only for the winning team but also for the losing team.
The free throw is one of the most easies shots in the entire game consisting of
no defense and no distractions closely. All that is required by the player to
do is to get ready, aim at the basket and shoot. The aim of this assignment is
to understand the biomechanics involved in the movement of free throw in the
game of basketball. From this perspective, it becomes essential to explain the
different types of movements involved while performing this task describing the
task in not a very complex but detailed manner (Ball, 2007). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Along with the same, what is comprised in the
assignment is the joint motion involved, the involvement of muscle groups, the
action within each phase, timing, coordination of muscles and the motions
created subsequently by them, forces applied for external objects and
distinguishes the successful performances from the ones that are poor. While
discussing the same, the assignment discusses things such as displacement,
velocity, acceleration, force, impulse, momentum. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637340"><span lang="EN-US">Biomechanics involved in free
throw shoot</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The biomechanics involved in the free throw shoot
consists of preliminary movements that are very different or slightly consist
of differences especially when each individual is concerned or each player in
the game is seen. These movements that are the preliminary movements are the
ones used by players to kind of rehearse their shot in their mind while at the
same time attempting to relax their muscles from the grown tensions and the
tightness. While performing the movement, players focus on the movement taking
place in the biomechanics of the shot such as the following: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637341"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372622814"><span lang="EN-US">Movement of Preparation</span></a></h1>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> Players
getting prepared for free flow shot, first dribble while remaining at the line
position and then sighting the target carefully. A staggered stance is used by
the player with slightly shooting the foot ahead of other one with shoulder
feet apart.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AQiKkHwVbdk/U3n6xn4JiTI/AAAAAAAAFUk/sG6lOUVm4wA/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AQiKkHwVbdk/U3n6xn4JiTI/AAAAAAAAFUk/sG6lOUVm4wA/s1600/1.png" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(Figure
1: Preparatory movement)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(Source:
Haskell, 2005)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637342"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372622815"><span lang="EN-US">Backswing</span></a></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">These movements occur during the shot consistently
during the crouch and preparing for the aim. The ball is in a stationary
position at the level of the waist with shooting hands behind ball. The
shooting arm shoulder is closer to 0 degree with upper arm held along with the
trunk. In this shot, knees are closer to 90 degrees and the trunk has a flex
close to 50 degrees when viewed from vertical sides (Hayes, 2009). The flexion
of the trunk at this point is essential as it can be used for putting a load on
the knee by making the flexion of knee and the hip to increase prior to the
shot extension. However, as in Figure 2 below, players have to correct the
amount of flexion leaning of the trunk and the knee before the shot. Ball has
to be held closer to the trunk as in the figure displayed by the female shot
producing too much flexion of shoulder and extension of the elbow at that point
of the shot.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0x4VF5EIwa0pysxuAyJD0ALDSl1_MZqmTp7QsoQif-U3WEeZVORIItKvOPx8qOCbfeyjv1WWO5v5g6PcgZCGmCv2D6dfNODiKvrzcUNZrfYlm2knYigmMLX4dha97PVGERUvcOCvhGfc/s1600/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0x4VF5EIwa0pysxuAyJD0ALDSl1_MZqmTp7QsoQif-U3WEeZVORIItKvOPx8qOCbfeyjv1WWO5v5g6PcgZCGmCv2D6dfNODiKvrzcUNZrfYlm2knYigmMLX4dha97PVGERUvcOCvhGfc/s1600/2.png" height="164" width="320" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(Figure
2: Backswing shot, refer to appendix 1 )<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(Source:
Hamilton, 2007)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637343"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372622816"><span lang="EN-US">Non producing hand on the ball</span></a></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">This is another key position that is to be addressed
in the shot of free throw. The hand in this position has to be placed on the
ball side and behind the center slightly so that there is an ability in the
shooter to rotate the shoulder forward shooting by lining up the basket (Hayes,
2009). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637344"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372622817"><span lang="EN-US">Movements producing Force</span></a></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Those movements of the body parts that produce a
force in the upward and forward direction while projecting the ball in the
basket and are inclusive of the leg and extension of the trunk along with
keeping the shooting arm straightened. During the production of this force and
the biomechanics of the movements involved, the ball is held ahead of the body
with hand of right shooting directly being behind the ball and the left hand is
to the side beneath the ball (Hay, 2010). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left;">The movement is times in a way that the knees
and the hips get first extended following by flexion of the shoulder and then
extension of the elbow along with flexion of the wrist.</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9g1IivK6bLc/U3n6ytpuq5I/AAAAAAAAFUw/F4tgqJZ7p3s/s1600/3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9g1IivK6bLc/U3n6ytpuq5I/AAAAAAAAFUw/F4tgqJZ7p3s/s1600/3.png" height="145" width="320" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(Figure
3: Movements producing force)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(Source:
Fukui et al, 2002)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637345"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372622818"><span lang="EN-US">Critical Instant</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 36pt;">In shooting, critical instant is in the ball release
instant because nothing is releases by the shooter that will affect the flight
of the ball. The shoulder shooting has to be is a 140-150 degree flexion,
positioned in a way which the shooting shoulder is pointing almost vertically
to the ceiling.</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5l0PpCcvLOA/U3n6z0YVC-I/AAAAAAAAFU8/LSahxJA7ebs/s1600/4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5l0PpCcvLOA/U3n6z0YVC-I/AAAAAAAAFU8/LSahxJA7ebs/s1600/4.png" height="161" width="320" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(Figure
4 : Player extended the knees and the trunk while ball is still in the hand
above the head. The angle of shoulder flexion is moving above the horizontal
and in the meanwhile the elbow flexion has remained optimal. The shot is
excellent because the flexed elbow remains, with the knees extended and the
flexion of the shoulder has begun, Refer to Appendix 2 )<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(Source:
Hamill et al, 2009)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637346"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372622819"><span lang="EN-US">Difference between Excellent and Poor Shots</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The difference can be studied only by explaining the
common errors done in the shooting movement of free throw resulting into a poor
shot as follows (Brancazio, 2009): <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Alignment
is poor: Most shooters fail lining up the shoulder, side hip, knee and elbow in
a line which is hypothetically stated through the basket, the ball and the
body. If the joints are out of alignment then the shot released is off line and
misses the basket. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Backspin
is lacking: Sidespin is often applied to the players for the release of the
ball or else applying the spin at the time of release. The errors affect the
ball flight and can cause to go off the route and not fall in the basket. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
arc on the shot is low: Players that are unable to have sufficient flexion of
the shoulder, the extension of elbow or extension of the trunk through
releasing the ball making the ball fall flat, the arc being high is requiring
to ensure ball having maximum area of basket utilizing the entry (Booher, 2010)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
shooting arm is relaxed: the arm has to be relaxed completely with only the
muscles of the active mover contracting and all others may lose and relax down.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Follow
through after release is complete: In the form of full goose neck, the players
have to complete the movement of the position of the shooting hand with the
pointing arm to the ceiling and the point of the arm being pointed to the hoop
alignment. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Non
shooting hand is interfering <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
force on the ball is to hard: when excitement is there in the player, he may
make mistakes and release the short hard (Ball, 2011)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Lot
of tension on the shooting arm: shooting arm should have a complete flexion of
shoulder, extension of elbow and flexion of wrist while releasing the ball <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">(For further details, on the same please refer to
Appendix 3 and 4 displaying graphs on performance between individuals with
correct biomechanics applied in the shot and poor bio mechanics applied as
well)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637347"><span lang="EN-US">Conclusion</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Biomechanics involved with any movement even the
slightest body movements say getting up from a chair or moving a hand to
complete a task have movements, force and other equivalent aspects acting on
the body of the individual. From this perspective, the free throw shooting in
the game of basketball has various shots, movements, forces and body efforts
involved as discussed in the assignment above.</span><span style="text-align: left;"> </span></div>
<h1>
<span lang="EN-US">References</span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ball, R. (2011). The
basketball jump shot: a kinesiological analysis with recommendations for <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;"> strength and conditioning programs. <i>National Strength
and Conditioning Association <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;"> Journal</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;"> , 4-12.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Booher, D. (2010).
Elementary free throw shooting- a systematic teaching approach. <i>Journal of <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Physical Education</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;"> , 14-16.<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Brancazio, P. (2009).
Physics of basketball. <i>American Journal of Physics</i> <i>, 49</i> (4),
356-365.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Fukui, Y. K.
(2002). Hip and knee moment during trunk flexion, extension, lateral flexion
and <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">rotation in standing. <i>Proceedings of Annual Meeting of
Japanese Society for Orthopaedic <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;"> Biomechanics.</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;"> Japan: Showa University.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hamill, J. &.
(2009). <i>Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement</i> (3 ed.). Philadelphis:
Lippincott, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Williams and Wilkins.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hamilton, G.
&. (2007). Optimal trajectory for the basketball free throw. <i>Journal of
Sport <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sciences</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <i>,
15</i> (5), 491-504.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hartley, J. W.
(2009). Mechanical analysis of the jump shot. <i>Athletic Journal</i> <i>, 51</i>
(7), 128-129.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Haskell, D.
(2005). When shooting free throws, a player's body and mind must work as one if
the <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">shot is to be successful. <i>Athlectic Journal</i> ,
30-31:54.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hay, J. (2010).
The Biomechanics of Sports Techniques. <i>4.</i> Englewood Cliffs: Prentice
Hall Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hyes, D. (2008).
Intra-individual variability in selected components of the basketball free
throw. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;">Fifth Biennial Conference of the Canadian Society for
Biomechanics.</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-no-proof: yes;"> Ottawa:
Univeristy of Ottawa.</span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc372637349"><span lang="EN-US">Appendix: Max TRAQ Analysis</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><b style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Appendix
1</span></b></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-l2kmlPaJh4s/U3n60AcHPTI/AAAAAAAAFVE/-qVnL2Hi9gY/s1600/5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-l2kmlPaJh4s/U3n60AcHPTI/AAAAAAAAFVE/-qVnL2Hi9gY/s1600/5.png" height="186" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><b style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
ball is in a stationary position at the level of the waist with shooting hands
behind ball. The shooting arm shoulder is closer to 0 degree with upper arm
held along with the trunk. In this shot, knees are closer to 90 degrees and the
trunk has a flex close to 50 degrees when viewed from vertical sides. The
flexion of the trunk at this point is essential as it can be used for putting a
load on the knee by making the flexion of knee and the hip to increase prior to
the shot extension. However, as in Figure 2 above, players have to correct the
amount of flexion leaning of the trunk and the knee before the shot. Ball has
to be held closer to the trunk as in the figure displayed by the female shot
producing too much flexion of shoulder and extension of the elbow at that point
of the shot.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Appendix 2</span></b></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zDORefbdjQo/U3n60lbEsjI/AAAAAAAAFVM/6na9RzJ_G0k/s1600/6.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zDORefbdjQo/U3n60lbEsjI/AAAAAAAAFVM/6na9RzJ_G0k/s1600/6.png" height="226" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
figure depicts the correct use of Bio mechanics in order to make the free throw
in the game of basketball with correct angles made by the knee, shoulder and
hand reflex <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Appendix 3</span></b></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FXCF3mFTtfY/U3n60vHQECI/AAAAAAAAFVU/7O6sqZuKzks/s1600/7.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FXCF3mFTtfY/U3n60vHQECI/AAAAAAAAFVU/7O6sqZuKzks/s1600/7.png" height="230" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Backspin
is lacking: Sidespin is often applied to the players for the release of the
ball or else applying the spin at the time of release. The errors affect the
ball flight and can cause to go off the route and not fall in the basket. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
arc on the shot is low: Players that are unable to have sufficient flexion of
the shoulder, the extension of elbow or extension of the trunk through
releasing the ball making the ball fall flat, the arc being high is requiring
to ensure ball having maximum area of basket utilizing the entry. This has
delivered into development of low loop in the graph<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Appendix4</span></b></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Sn7X2YKSOsM/U3n61EvvMjI/AAAAAAAAFVQ/nq3CI2JkRDA/s1600/8.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Sn7X2YKSOsM/U3n61EvvMjI/AAAAAAAAFVQ/nq3CI2JkRDA/s1600/8.png" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
shooting arm is relaxed: the arm has to be relaxed completely with only the
muscles of the active mover contracting and all others may lose and relax down.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Follow
through after release is complete: In the form of full goose neck, the players
have to complete the movement of the position of the shooting hand with the
pointing arm to the ceiling and the point of the arm being pointed to the hoop
alignment. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
force on the ball is to hard: when excitement is there in the player, he may
make mistakes and release the short hard <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Lot
of tension on the shooting arm: shooting arm should have a complete flexion of
shoulder, extension of elbow and flexion of wrist while releasing the ball.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;">With
our</span><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;">team of highly qualified and experienced writers</span><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;">we are able to offer the best custom
writing service that you can take advantage of. Whether there are</span><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;">custom essays,</span><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;">dissertations, coursework</span><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;">and all similar written assignments
you might think of, we do them all. One of the biggest assets of Sample
Assignments is the many years of experience we have had in this field. These
many years of experience have helped us to grow and better understand the needs
of our customers.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;"><b>Send us a Mail</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 115%; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">info@sampleassignment.com</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<o:p></o:p><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-3593882290153530432014-05-18T02:45:00.002-07:002014-05-18T02:45:49.966-07:00International Banking and Finance Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>Executive Summary</b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This objective of this
Report is to detail the online trading and foreign exchange market. The website
</span><a href="http://www.easy-forex.com.au/"><span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">www.easy-forex.com.au</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
is the platform virtual amount of AUD 20000 was used with the objective of
increasing the capital. The closing balance at the end of 171 transactions
conducted over a period of three weeks was </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">24,560.07 AUD.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The major focus of the transactions conducted
was on the relationship between the Australian and the United States Dollar. It
was speculated that the exchange rate of AUD/USD moved to and fro in the range
of 1.02 to 1.08. Thus, a simple speculative strategy was adopted wherein
Australian Dollar was bought and the United States Dollar was sold when the
rate was falling close to 1.02 and Australian Dollar was sold and the United
States was bought when the rate was rising and close to 1.08. This strategy
helped and assisted in making profits repeatedly. This is also evident by the
fact that out of the 171 transactions conducted, 157 made profit and only 15 made
loss which is about 90% profit transactions. Though the duration of time covered in the report is less than 6 weeks,
it has provided enough evidence for us which explains the depth of volatility of
foreign exchange market. Apart from the technique explained above (which was a
direct result of the experience), the website </span><a href="http://www.wasy-forex.com.au/"><span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">www.wasy-forex.com.au</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> in itself is an institution and is a great source
of learning the online trading.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>Introduction</b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The main focus was given to the speculation
technique where in the quick reaction upon the financial news was related to
the expectations of a currency appreciating or depreciating. A major part of
our total transactions dealt with AUD/USD relation which has given us the
practical knowledge of stabilizing and destabilizing speculation. One could
easily realize that this industry is a perfect example of a perfectly
competitive market and is also one of the most dynamic as the rate fluctuates
at great degrees throughout the day. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The main purpose of
trading on the stock exchange is to make a profit and it is all based on
speculation. The trader has to be able to anticipate the reaction of the market
to different factors in the environment such as political, economic and even
social events. The risk is often considerable but can be greatly avoided if the
trader is operating with foresight and with the correct information. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
report deals with forex trading performed on the Easy- Forex website. Foreign
exchange trading takes place in two sets of dealing rates namely spot and
forward exchange rates. The spot exchange rate is the quotation between two
currencies for immediate delivery of funds. The forward exchange rate is the
rate at which economic agents agree today to exchange currencies at a future
date at a predetermined future exchange rate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">All
the transactions were done on spot rates. For some transactions the settlement
was done a few days later for which transaction costs were also applied. A
rollover cost is the cost one pays or receives depending on his position. If
one is long on a currency pair where the base currency has a higher interest
rate than the counter currency then one receives interest. If one is short then
one pays interest. Speculative trading was done using fundamental analysis
based on economic data news. Speculators sell currencies if they feel they are
overvalued and hence would depreciate or buy currencies if they fell they are
undervalued and would appreciate. This technique was used fundamentally throughout
the task and thus resulted in a positive outcome.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>Tools Used for Online Transactions</b></div>
</div>
<br />
<h2>
Graphical Full Charts Station on <span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><a href="http://www.wasy-forex.com.au/">www.wasy-forex.com.au</a></span></span></h2>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-CJ9Z2iPCTx4/U3h_1ZUh3eI/AAAAAAAAFTM/SeWCjtg9Ndg/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-CJ9Z2iPCTx4/U3h_1ZUh3eI/AAAAAAAAFTM/SeWCjtg9Ndg/s1600/1.png" height="210" width="320" /></a></div>
<div>
<span class="Heading1Char"><div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>Fundamental Analysis</b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fundamental
analysis uses financial news as an important tool for covering and speculating
the change in foreign exchange prevailing rates. The future price movements are
anticipated by the virtue of the experience of the experts in the industry and
the same is made public via the means of financial news. Individuals and
organizations keep a steady record of financial news to keep themselves updated
on the investment options in the foreign exchange market. Fundamental traders
analyze key economic data and economic news to determine trading opportunities.
The currency exchange rates are affected mainly by economic and political
conditions, but sometimes the central bank intervention also affects the currency
rates. Some of the key figures used are interest rates, unemployment rates, GDP
growth. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>AUD vs USD</b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">All
transactions were made wherein it was expected that the Australian Dollar would
depreciate, hence we bought AUD and sold USD. The RBA was expected to announce
the new interest rates and it was widely expected to be increased from the
current 3 percent (Reuters 2011a)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">However
the RBA instead chose to keep the rates unchanged which resulted in a selloff
for the Australian dollar, thereby indicating an increase in depreciation of
its value against the US dollar (Bloomberg 2011b).A total profit of 4213.51 AUD
was made on these transactions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Also
the exports had reduced by 19 percent and the current account deficit has
increased compared to the previous month indicating that the AUD would
depreciate further.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tOOjRJCo2F4/U3h_2xLHGaI/AAAAAAAAFTQ/z0gVkL-ja_U/s1600/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tOOjRJCo2F4/U3h_2xLHGaI/AAAAAAAAFTQ/z0gVkL-ja_U/s1600/2.png" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">As
per the above figure, the unchanged interest rates in Australia, coupled with a
rising current account deficit due to decrease in exports, resulted in an
increase in Supply of the Australian dollar in the market, causing a
depreciation in its value against the US dollar.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>Technical Analysis</b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
Technical analysis makes considerable use of the trends in the market. The
speculation technique explained above is also an example of the trend in the
AUD/USD exchange rate where in the current period; the exchange rate is under
the bracket frame of 1.02 to 1.08. Similarly, the industry experts follow
technical trends that vary over long duration of terms so as to understand and
forecast the exchange rates. The experts also give recommendations to the other
potential investors in the industry which is based upon their respective
technical analysis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>Financial Calendar</b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
Financial Calendar Application was blended together with Demand Supply graphs
(shown above) to forecast the change in the exchange rates and decide whether
to sell Australian dollar or buy against the United States Dollar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>Trade Controller</b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
Trade Controller is used to control the take profit and stop loss rate. It is
useful when the rats very at considerable levels and also when one cannot view
the online rates due to inaccessibility to the website www.easy-forex.com.au.
For example- the spectrum formed for making profits in the Australian vs United
States Dollar was between 1.02 and 1.08, if the rate varied more, and then the
automatic stop loss can be set so that the transaction does not close on its
own and hence cause a loss.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-60umzvVQJis/U3h_2wpN8qI/AAAAAAAAFTU/qIjjB6JyjFg/s1600/3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-60umzvVQJis/U3h_2wpN8qI/AAAAAAAAFTU/qIjjB6JyjFg/s1600/3.png" /></a></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>Conclusion </b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
unpredictability of the foreign exchange market is evident by the transactions
conducted. A lot of in hand information and access to knowledgeable tools is
also required for the same. The sensitivity to the news and the speculations is
high in the foreign exchange market due to this. The fundamental analysis which
is the financial mews needs to be followed at any cost to stay up to the mark.
Important economic data like the central bank interest rates, inflation rates,
and GDP growth numbers have an immediate impact on the currency valuations.
Moreover the market reactions to these data are so fast that if one were to
enter a bit late in the market the effect of the news would already have taken
place. The exercise was extremely using in helping us use fundamental concepts
in doing Forex trading and the understanding led to the profitable figure of </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">24,560.07 AUD<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoTitle">
<b>References</b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Bloomberg
2011, ‘Euro Gains as European Economy Contracts Less Than Forecast’, Bloomberg,
retrieved 13 May 2011, <</span><a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601083&sid=aMZhsafTnvOo%20"><span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601083&sid=aMZhsafTnvOo
</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Bloomberg
2011b, ‘Australia Keeps Key Interest Rate Unchanged to Gauge Recovery’,
Bloomberg, retrieved 1 May 2011, < </span><a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601081&sid=aEVnhTCWxEvU"><span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601081&sid=aEVnhTCWxEvU</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Bloomberg
2011c, ‘Greenback’s Slide Against Euro May Resume: Technical Analysis’,
Bloomberg, retrieved 10 May 2011, < </span><a href="http://www.bloomberg.com.au/apps/news?pid=20602081&sid=ajMHkInKarGM"><span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">http://www.bloomberg.com.au/apps/news?pid=20602081&sid=ajMHkInKarGM#</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Daily
MARKETS n.d., ‘Rollover:’, Daily MARKETS, retrieved 10 May 2011, < </span><a href="http://www.dailymarkets.com/forex/forex-basics/"><span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">http://www.dailymarkets.com/forex/forex-basics/</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Easy-Forex
2011, ‘Charts’, Easy-Forex, retrieved 10 May 2011, < </span><a href="https://secure.easy-forex.com/AU/en/EZFXCharts.aspx"><span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">https://secure.easy-forex.com/AU/en/EZFXCharts.aspx</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">ForexRealm
2011, ‘Trend lines- forex trends’ , ForexRealm , retrieved 10 May 2011, < </span><a href="http://www.forexrealm.com/technical-analysis/graphical-methods/trend-lines.html"><span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">http://www.forexrealm.com/technical-analysis/graphical-methods/trend-lines.html</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pilbeam,
K 2006, ‘International Finance’, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Reuters
2011a, ‘FOREX-Aussie steady before rate decision, yen holds ground’, Reuters,
retrieved 30 April 2011, <http://www.reuters.com/article/usDollarRpt/idUST28553220090901
><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Reuters
2011b, ‘RPT-GLOBAL MARKETS-Stocks hit by Wall St, Australia GDP upbeat’,
Reuters, retrieved 02 September 2009, <</span><a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNewsAndPR/idUSSP53781120090902?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0%20"><span class="Heading1Char"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNewsAndPR/idUSSP53781120090902?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0
</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/"><b>www.sampleassignment.com</b></a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><i>Lots of assignments to write? Worried about deadlines and
quality of work? Don’t worry, Sample Assignments is here to help you with
homework, assignments, essays, research and projects in subjects like Science,
Math, Programming, Accounting, Finance, History and HRM. For academic help,
just contact us and leave your worries to us. With our experts helping you at
every step, you will never have a moment of worry.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><i>info@sampleassignment.com </i></b></div>
</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-82468875997361153392014-05-17T01:40:00.001-07:002014-05-17T01:40:35.204-07:00Integrated Global Communications Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Executive Summary<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Culture plays a significant role in negotiation of business deals
and in their finalization. This paper identifies the critical aspects and
details of the three countries in order to judge the feasibility of a new
proposes business venture. The paper begins with a brief introduction and moves
to the discussion of brief description of the strategic overview of the three
countries. The report then moves to the political scenario and the economic
aspects of the three countries. The later parts of the report addresses factors
like CSR, negotiations and other cultural aspects using which a decision in
conducting business in these three countries can be made. It is noticed by the virtue
of this report that Linamar company is better off in investing and expanding
the operations in Brazil and Argentina. However, they would need a professional
support as far as conducting business in Russia is concerned. The same is
highlighted in the cultural forces part of this paper as well.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The
purpose of this paper is to critically evaluate the cultural differences between
three countries namely Argentina, Brazil and Russia. The objective is to
prepare a brief country profile in order to gain greater insights about doing
business in Canada in relation to the above mentioned three countries. The main
product line relates to the Canadian product Linamar company which is primarily
into dealing with agricultural implements. It has been assumed that the
organisation is now looking to expand its operations and make the most of the prevailing
opportunities in these three countries.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Strategic Overview<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 467.25pt;" valign="top" width="623">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Brazil</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">: The geographic location of the country of
brazil is in Caribbean and the Latin American region. The current population
is marked at 198,656,019. The major trading partners are Argentina and
Germany as both these countries account for both imports and exports with
Brazil. Portuguese is the official language of Brazil and the language of
English is used for dealing with foreign clients.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 467.25pt;" valign="top" width="623">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Russia: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The current population of Russia is marked at
142.4 m (year 2012). The official language used in Russian. The use of
English is limited with a very few people who use the language fluently.
China and Ukraine are the most importance trading partners for the country of
Russia. The geographic location comes under the parts of Central Asia and
Europe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 467.25pt;" valign="top" width="623">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Argentina: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The population of Argentina is on the lower
side relative to that of the above two countries and is marked at 41 million
(2012 data). The official language is Spanish with high usage of English in
selected parts of the country. United States and Brazil are the most
important trading partners for Argentina in the current times. Like Brazil,
the geographic region is the Caribbean and the Latin America<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Governmental and Diplomatic<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The main
political parties in Brazil are listed as under:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Brazilian
Socialist Party<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Brazilian
Communist Party<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Workers
Party<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Party of
the Brazilian Democratic Movement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The main
political parties in Argentina are named as UCR (Union Civica Radical) and
Justicialist Party, which is also referred to as the Peronist. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The main
political parties in Russia are listed as under:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">United
Russia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Patriots
of Russia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Yabloko<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Communist
Party of the Russian Federation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The
political stability has been seen only in the country of Argentina relative to
that of Brazil and Russia. In terms of government intervention for trade
relations with foreign countries, Brazil and Argentina as a country are favored
as there are strict regulations in Russia. The business relations of Brazil and
China are very good with Canada. However, the same cannot be said for Russia
which has limited trade relation with the country of Canada.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Information of representatives of foreign country in Canada<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 158.75pt;" valign="top" width="212">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Country<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 168.3pt;" valign="top" width="224">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Embassy Address in Canada<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.45pt;" valign="top" width="187">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Support Services offered<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 158.75pt;" valign="top" width="212">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Argentina<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 168.3pt;" valign="top" width="224">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">81, Metcalfe Ottawa ON K1P6K7 Canada<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">+16135658367<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.45pt;" valign="top" width="187">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Visa Services, Travel Services, Money
Exchange among other things<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 158.75pt;" valign="top" width="212">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Russia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 168.3pt;" valign="top" width="224">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">285 Charlotte Street Ottawa ON K1N8 L5 Canada<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">+6132354341<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.45pt;" valign="top" width="187">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Tourist Visas, Consular Division, Business
Visas, Legalization, Business Information among other important things<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 158.75pt;" valign="top" width="212">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Brazil<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 168.3pt;" valign="top" width="224">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">450 Wilbrod St Ottawa ON Canada<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 140.45pt;" valign="top" width="187">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Capital Services, trade relations services
among other things<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Key Economic Indicators<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 630px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 163.05pt;" valign="top" width="217">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Country<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 156.65pt;" valign="top" width="209">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">GDP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 152.55pt;" valign="top" width="203">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Trade Balance<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 163.05pt;" valign="top" width="217">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Brazil<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 156.65pt;" valign="top" width="209">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">$2400 billion<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 152.55pt;" valign="top" width="203">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Current Standing: USD 780m<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 163.05pt;" valign="top" width="217">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Argentina<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 156.65pt;" valign="top" width="209">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">$718.9 billion<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 152.55pt;" valign="top" width="203">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Current Standing: USD 1151m<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 163.05pt;" valign="top" width="217">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Russia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 156.65pt;" valign="top" width="209">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">$2014 billion<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 152.55pt;" valign="top" width="203">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Current Standing: USD 1363m<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The
average annual income for three countries in terms of Canadian Dollars is shown
as:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Brazil –
2303 CAD<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Argentina
– 1987 CAD<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Russia- 2240 CAD<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The
major industries of Brazil include the agriculture, mining and manufacturing.
Argentina specializes in textile, machinery manufacturing and mining etc.
Russia is more known for its mining and process of raw material industries.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The
major trading partners are Argentina and Germany as both these countries
account for both imports and exports with Brazil. China and Ukraine are the
most importance trading partners for the country of Russia. United States and
Brazil are the most important trading partners for Argentina in the current
times.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Corporate Social Responsibility<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Cultural Aspects<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Business Practices<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Negotiating the Deals<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">In
brazil, the political power plays huge influence in negotiation of key deals.
Corruption also plays a critical role in the country of Brazil. There is not
much difference when the same analogy is applied to the case of Argentina.
However, the scenario changes significantly when Russia is considered. A part
of the reason for the same is that Brazil and Argentina share the same
geographic location and hence there is not much difference in the cultural
aspects between the two countries. The negotiations between the organisations
take place in a more formal manner in Russia. The negotiations and the deals take
place in a much informal manner in the case of Brazil and Argentina.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Relating with the current product<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">It is
also seen through the research conducted this report that Brazil and Argentina
have agriculture as their primary industry. That indicates that there is bound
to be fierce competition in the market for Linamar company. Also, the domestic
companies would be favored more by the local government which is a potential
cause of concern for the Linamar company. On the other hand, there is not much
competition in Russia when it comes to agriculture, which indicates that there
are bright prospects for Linamar company. As far as economic prosperity is
concerned, Russia has the highest population among the three which offers more
potential for business expansion. Brazil and Argentina are favored for an easy
going official and unofficial culture. Given the prospects of expansion of
agriculture industry in Russia, it is recommended that the Linamar company must
start with expansion projects in Russia first. In the later stages, it would be
more conducive to expand in countries like Argentina and Brazil given the scope
of it is economic instability.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-top: 12.0pt;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The
building up of a country notebook or profile is of utmost importance to
understand the feasibility of operations in a foreign country. In order to
avoid potential cultural shocks at a later stage, senior management of
organizations often ask their international marketers to do as much research as
possible about a given country which includes its economic, political, social,
legal and other cultural aspects. This paper identifies that case of expansion
for Linamar company in three countries namely Argentina, Brazil and Russia. It
was noticed that Russia was the most feasible option out of the given three
alternatives. The primary identified reasons for the same
is that it would allow Linamar company to expand into a completely new
geographic region.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><b><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/"><span style="font-size: x-large;">www.sampleassignment.com</span></a></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #073763; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.399999618530273px;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; color: #073763; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.399999618530273px;">At <a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">Sample Assignment</a>, we enhance the academic knowledge & strength of the students and professionals by delivering all types of academic support such as assignment help, assignments help, homework help, projects help, research help, writing help, essay writing help, etc. in the academic fields of Science, Math, Computer science, Programming, Finance, Accounting, Management, History, Essay & Thesis writing, HRM and other subjects. Contact Now for Academic Help <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">info@sampleassignment.com</a></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-45920422047383413082014-05-16T02:31:00.001-07:002014-05-16T02:31:17.389-07:00Photography Sample Assignment www.sampleassignment.com<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Question 1.0</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">-- Snell's
window which is also better know as Snell's circle, is the basic principle that
all photographers have to face while taking pictures from within the water to
objects floating up above inside. The principle states that a circle like structure
is formed due to refraction of light in air plus water, creating an illusion of
a circle. Thus any person who takes a photograph of an object from underneath
the surface of water has to make sure that all the objects he wants to cover
should come within the Snell's circle in order to get a perfect picture. Its a
law of physics that uses the law of refraction and reflection. The Snell's Law
gives the basic equation as :</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--QWAn-XPfhI/U3XZgN6xhpI/AAAAAAAAFQ4/l4vdDyeWeBU/s1600/0.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--QWAn-XPfhI/U3XZgN6xhpI/AAAAAAAAFQ4/l4vdDyeWeBU/s1600/0.png" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cQpOYsE7vb0/U3XZh15yMaI/AAAAAAAAFRA/aPgdZL5ObJc/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cQpOYsE7vb0/U3XZh15yMaI/AAAAAAAAFRA/aPgdZL5ObJc/s1600/1.png" height="185" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">This law can be better understood by the following diagram. In
this diagram we can understand that how the light bends as it moves from a less
denser medium to a more denser medium. This diagram also helps us understand
that in this process some light is also lost due to partial reflection. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">This </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Snell's window is a very artistic
effect that is created due to refraction of light.<span style="color: #262626;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">To
begin, consider a swimming pool filled with water. Suppose that a laser beam is
directed towards the flat side of the dish at the exact center of the dish. The
angle of incidence can be measured at the point of incidence. This ray will
refract, bending towards the normal. Once the light ray enters the water, it travels
in a straight line until it reaches the second boundary. At the second
boundary, the light ray is approaching along the normal to the curved surface.
The<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">ray
does not refract upon exiting since the angle of incidence is 0-degrees. The
ray of laser light therefore exits at the same angle as the refracted ray of
light made at the first boundary. These two angles can be measured and
recorded. The angle of incidence of the laser beam can be changed to 5-degrees
and new measurements can be made and recorded.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Question
1.2</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">-- In the process of light transferring
from less density medium to more denser medium some light is refracted and some
reflected depending on the angle of incidence. Therefore there exists a formula
to calculate the reflection of light occurring. It can be better understood
from the bottom diagram.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uILf_za3lkY/U3XZk7eqOlI/AAAAAAAAFRg/Qolv7RKsuMI/s1600/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uILf_za3lkY/U3XZk7eqOlI/AAAAAAAAFRg/Qolv7RKsuMI/s1600/2.png" height="226" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Question 1.3</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">--</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #242424; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">The <b>Synthetic Image </b>provides a valuable asset for
precision imaging in science, engineering, and industrial applications,
allowing you to create exact images. This tool is a critical asset for testing
of algorithms and numeric analyses leading to improved modeling and evaluation
of techniques.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #242424; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">For use in astronomy, biomedical methods such as FISH, and numerous
other applications, the synthetic image can include a distribution of Gaussian
point sources randomized in both location and luminance/intensity space. This
leads to realistic emulation of model images that would be obtained using real instrumentation
acquiring real data.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Question
2.0-- </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Zoom lens is a group of lenses whose
focal length and angel of view can be adjusted to the required length. These
sort of lenses are used in a variety of places and fields like motion pictures
cameras, projectors, binoculars, microscopes, telescopes, telescopic sights and
other such optical instruments. This sort of lens is also called a parfocal
lens. Zoom lenses are often described by the ratio of their longest to shortest
focal lengths. For example, a zoom lens with focal lengths ranging from 100 mm
to 400 mm may be described as a 4:1 or "4×" zoom. The term superzoom
or hyperzoom is used to describe photographic zoom lenses with very large focal
length factors, typically more than 4× and ranging up to 15× in SLR camera
lenses and 36×<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">in
amateur digital cameras. This ratio can be as high as 100× in professional
television cameras.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-mPpFlBNK3sc/U3XZlIC-6QI/AAAAAAAAFRU/wxNWvZfSs3I/s1600/3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-mPpFlBNK3sc/U3XZlIC-6QI/AAAAAAAAFRU/wxNWvZfSs3I/s1600/3.png" height="233" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Question 3.0-- </span></b><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Stops
</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">are a measure of the
aperture of a lens. In other words, f-stops tell us how wide open the iris of a
lens is. Specifically, they express the ratio of focal length to apparent </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">lens aperture</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">, so they
have no units. The smaller the number, the wider the effective aperture, and
the more light will go through the lens. Hence f2.0 is a wide aperture, whereas
f11.0 is a narrow aperture. The relationship between f-stop, focal length and
the diameter of the lens opening is as follows:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">f-stop = focal length / diameter of lens opening<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Thus a 50mm lens with an iris diameter of 25mm has an aperture
of 50 / 25 = f2.0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">As noted above, the vale of the f-stop depends on the apparent
diameter of the lens. The apparent aperture diameter depends on the
magnification of the lens. For example, an aperture that is 50mm wide might
look 100mm wide as a result of the lens elements in front of it; the apparent
diameter of the iris diaphragm is what matters when calculating F-stops.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Question 3.1</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">--<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">In mathematics, the codomain or target set of a function is the
set Y into which all of the output of the function is constrained to fall. It
is the set Y in the notation f: X → Y. The codomain is also sometimes referred
to as the range but that term is ambiguous as it may also refer to the image.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Question 3.2</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">--<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">An aperture stop is a restriction of the optical beam in a lens
system. Lenses have aberrations which are related to the deviation of light
rays from the optical axis. An aperture stop eliminates the light rays that
deviate more greatly from the optical axis. Thus restricting the rays that
enter the lens system will produce a more accurate, more sharply focused image.
However when some of the light rays from the object are blocked out the brightness
of the image is reduced. In photography this means that the camera shutter will
have to be open longer to expose the film adequately. The time required to
properly expose the film is inversely proportional to the intensity of the
light reaching the film. The diagram below shows the relationships involved
without an aperture stop and with the light rays from the object being parallel
to the optical axis. This presumes the object is at infinity. An aperture stop
is the opening which limits the amount of light which passes through an optical
system. For example, the adjustable diaphragm near the front of a compound
camera lens is the aperture stop for the lens. The amount of light admitted is
controlled by the diameter of the diaphragm opening which is indicated on the
camera by the "f-number" or "f-stop number". Making the
aperture smaller reduces the light, but increases the depth of image.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-gFdYZhL0ozk/U3XZlZmlnrI/AAAAAAAAFRY/z6WaFdgloHU/s1600/4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-gFdYZhL0ozk/U3XZlZmlnrI/AAAAAAAAFRY/z6WaFdgloHU/s1600/4.png" height="217" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Question 3.3</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">--</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">The limiting effect on the imaging process by the size of the
unobstructed clear diameter in an optical system depends upon the location of
that "stop", or limiting diameter. The limiting diameter which determines
the amount of light which reaches the imaging area is called the field stop,
typified by the adjustable diaphragm near the front of a compound camera lens.
The limiting diameter which controls the size object which can be imaged is
called the field stop. Increasing the f-stop by one stop has the disadvantage
of requiring you to slow down the shutter speed to one-half, but has the advantage
of increasing the depth of field of the formed image. By "depth of
field" we practically mean the depth of the image where it appears to be
sharply focused. While "sharpness of focus" is a relative term, there
is a practical depth over which the image appears to be in focus. That depth of
field increases with f-number. At f/2.8 you can shoot at a faster shutter
speed, but with very shallow depth of field. There are times when you would deliberately
choose this condition, for example to shoot a picture of a rose where the
leaves behind it soften progressively in focus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SW3awW-EWTk/U3XZlylTNMI/AAAAAAAAFRk/MCd6rV1XfMM/s1600/5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SW3awW-EWTk/U3XZlylTNMI/AAAAAAAAFRk/MCd6rV1XfMM/s1600/5.png" height="281" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Question
4.0--</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
thin lens equation cannot be used directly to find images formed by thick
lenses. Even when Gullstrand's equation is used to find the equivalent equation
of the thick lens, that power is with<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">respect
to a principle plane. The thickness of the lens alters the image position and
the center of the thick lens cannot in general be used as the lens position. Three
methods are presented for finding the image formed by a thick lens.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jBPAq0QmK1E/U3XZmOBvCiI/AAAAAAAAFRo/74e_vYpfAMc/s1600/6.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jBPAq0QmK1E/U3XZmOBvCiI/AAAAAAAAFRo/74e_vYpfAMc/s1600/6.png" height="275" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/"><span style="font-size: x-large;">www.sampleassignment.com</span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<h1 style="background-color: #f7f7f5; border-bottom-color: rgb(216, 216, 216); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #444444; font-family: OswaldRegular; font-size: 28px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px;">
About Us</h1>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Sample Assignment has been serving students across the globe for over a decade now, not only with academic assignments, also assisting the students excel in their academics.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Being the fastest growing online assignment writing service providers globally, We help you with all kinds of homework, coursework, proposals, dissertations, thesis, essays, reviews, projects, presentations, book reports, case studies, article writing etc. Our experienced researchers are from varied academic backgrounds and cover various topics from all fields of study. We have space for everyone – from a student struggling in K- 12 to a PhD research scholar. With immense exposure in different universities and colleges around the world, our team understands the explicit academic culture and the demands placed by the teachers and professors on the students. Once you submit your assignment, be rest assured that we would follow the stated guidelines and specifications, delivering the right solutions straight to your inbox in time. Our high quality customized assignment help is appreciated and is much sought after, by the student community the world over.</div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
We all understand how tough a student’s life can get. Being a student you need more than 36 hours in a day to be able to do all that you need to do. This is where we pitch in. Our guidance and timely assistance can help you cope with the extreme pressures of academia. When you are struggling and have no time and energy to compete and survive that is where we help you acquire better grades, making you feel stress free and relaxed.</div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Our encouraging experts would not only provide you with the online assignment help but would also guide you through the confusing maze in which you find yourself at times. Needless to say, our work is plagiarism free. Be it homework assignment help for school students, coursework, assignment writing help for graduates, project writing assistance for research level students needed for their challenging thesis and dissertations, trust us - we are there for you.</div>
<h2 style="background-color: #9e0301; border-bottom-left-radius: 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px; border-top-left-radius: 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px; color: white; font-family: OswaldRegular; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; width: 70px;">
Mission</h2>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
The objective of Sample Assignment is to create viable opportunities for the Students by helping them out in their academics. Our model assignments and papers can be used by the Students in their research work and also for gaining exposure in their relevant fields. We work closely with our clients in order to ensure 100% satisfaction every single time our services are used.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"></span></div>
<div class="call" style="background-color: #f7f7f5; float: left; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 18px; margin-top: 15px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify; width: 1000px;">
Call us at +61 401 358 795 or mail us at: <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com" style="color: #950100; text-decoration: none;">info@sampleassignment.com</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-81145133651662434722014-05-15T03:20:00.001-07:002014-05-15T03:20:22.319-07:00Executive Bonus Schemes<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
aim of this essay is to study the reasons behind the existing controversies
behind Executive bonus schemes and whether this method should be a process for
rewarding people or talent in order to retain them in the organization or not.
From this perspective the essay studies the various schemes of bonus on the
basis of examples from literature which have created controversies. There are
many reasons behind these controversies each of which needs to be identified if
a retention as well as talent within the organization needs to be maintained
and retained for success of the concerned organization. The structure of the
essay is to provide a framework in the realms of bonus schemes along with
expectations of the employees. The effect of the same also needs to be studied
in accordance to the organization perspectives. The essay concludes with a
summary of the results identified in the essay. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Controversies behind
Executive bonus schemes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">It
has been believed by most cultures within organizations that the current scheme
of bonus is such that it is unfair, promotes such terms which are short and
results in that kind of performance which is completed distorted. This means
that executive bonus schemes give rise to controversies. From this it becomes
evident that there are controversies but what the reasons for the development
of these controversies.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">According
to a report by Bryan Gould, it was evident that he had raised the facts and
figures developed out of the bonuses by Eyebrows and ire contributing towards
remuneration of packages that are big and paid to those companies and
executives which are leading in the market today. It has been evidently said by
most directors of institutions as well as organizations that if talent has to
be attracted then such salaries are to be given that match with the salaries
existing in the world in other organization of the same group or type. The
global economy Is actually wonderful and is such that it requires to push
salaries at the top in order to make them compete with that which is present in
the world. But here it cannot be forgotten at the same time that the wages for
the employs which are ordinary are needed to be paid in order to cater to the
existing benchmark which is determined by those wages of economies which are of
the lowest order in the available market. If an organization thinks that it is
a need which is supposed by all aspects to pay the top executives 50 times more
the salary of the employees which are skilled then it will completely be a
nonsense of self serving kind by a circle which is small and completely charmed
by its very own notion and sets forward the right of its own rates of pay. In
addition to this, the culture of bonus seems such that it emerges from
unscathed notions beginning from the objectionable aspect of recession. This
happens basically because the production by the inequities is not only
scandalous but also completely remunerated in terms of the deficiency that
needs to be performed from the point of view of performance of the economy. It
should be noted here, that the performance of noticeable bonus features that
which is peculiar to the business culture of Angle American having faith which
is quasi religious and infallible to the forces of the market dealt with a blow
which is implosion from the last years. The cases against such aspects remain sound
employed by the principles and rather have applicable preferences which are
ideological. The attitudes which are promoted by the executive bonus schemes
are such that they result in bringing about such attitudes which are completely
antithesis of the needs that are expected. The theory behind this controversy
is that if the executives have a fair chance in the game then they will
definitely focus on trying harder and give a performance which is better. The
practical evidence is that the schemes of bonus encourage the deficiencies
bedeviling the performance of economics over a stretch of time. A focus is
engendered on the expenses which are short term over those expenses which are
long term for the enterprise. The particular term namely, short termism is that
word which is peculiar to the economies of Anglo American affliction. Further,
it can be explained that these lead to cutting the cost as well as taking over
the profit for a period of time which is short and alternative to the need as
well as investment resulting in building the capacity which is new and improves
the production along with the perspective which are strategic. The next
controversy, arises from the schemes of bonus which completely spoil the
performance moving beyond the executives capacity underlined by various
conditions of macroeconomic criteria because of which they wither have to be
applied to an irrational field or they have to be completely discounted. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
result of this reason that the boards make the judgment broader and better such
that they constitute the performance which is good in understanding the
circumstances which are current without even referring to the factors of any
kinds that really have been determined by any kind of performance or even such
fictitious stories which evaluate the performance basing itself on the data
which is accurate as well as measured through all kinds of aspects. Here,
another reason can be opted for which is the availability of substitutes which
is offered by the set criteria and has to be differentiated based on the merit.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">If
the first course is taken, then the alleged performance measures the reflection
of all results in such a way that the board feels strongly for alienating
themselves from the risk involved with several aspects of schemes of bonus. The
alienated risks are the story behind the story of the bonus reported since
various weeks. The second course, pretended to measure the accurate performance
of the criteria that is quantitative, outlines a danger for the executives who
focus on just the criteria of bonus. This case can completely be changed if
there was no notion of scheme of bonus and instead there exists a complete
judgment of performance which is sensible. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
issue then comes into being is of the bonus being either paid or not and if the
bonus is paid then of how much amount will it be. Along with these notions, the
relationship that exists between governing as well as management completely becomes
destructive due to the existence of bonus schemes. Their do exist certain
performance measures which are specific to the percentage points and in
addition to these bonuses there also exists a feeling of engender along with
resentment which is unfair making it very hard to be conducive towards those
management human resources which are good human resources in association to
these bonus schemes. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
better practice from all stances would be to find economies which are emulated
and are also owned by the complete framework of the economy. Those executives
which are at the top are paid that rate which is proper for the kind of work
that they do. This helps them to deliver a practice which is completely proper
to the rate of performance as well as identifies the issues associated with the
performance. A performance issue is dealt with which is less than satisfactory.
A performance on the other hand, which is completely exceptional should be
provided with such rewards which are beyond the duty of call and serve to be
genuine towards the existence of bonus. The requirement that next arises is
that the contracts of employment should be remunerated and negotiated again.
The aim behind this negotiation should be to change or remove the effect which
is deleterious and is current to the practice of the organizations. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Conclusion <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">From
this point of view, it becomes evident that no matter what the bonus schemes
may be, they always create unfair means in the framework of the organization
which results in destroying the effect of practice which is completely
deleterious and also results in spoiling the structure of the organization. The
aim is thus to provide a structure which is completely without the method of
bonus schemes required to reward or retain talent of any kind within an
organization. Instead, the approach should be such that there is equal
distribution of wealth to all individuals or employees of the organization and
none of them result in feeling that there have been unequal opportunities for
all in the framework and that there has been a behavior of biasness leading to a
complete disqualification of motivation and resulting in something that
destroys the human behavior within the structure of the organization. The
structure may be contemporary but it is too modern for people to understand
that they will not be appreciated for that which is not a part of their job and
instead others will be appreciated for that for which they are already been
paid the salary for and getting an extra appreciation in terms of bonus schemes
is not fair. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">References<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Reference" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11.5pt;">Andreassen, TW., &
Olsen, LL., 2008, pp.309-28, <i>The impact
of customer' perception of varying degrees of customer service on commitment
and perceived relative attractiveness,</i> <i>Managing Service Quality</i>, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Ballantyne, D., 1996 ,pp.3-6 <i>. Guest editorial: Getting your way in
business</i>, <i>Asia-Australia Marketing Journal</i>, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Berry, LL., 1996, pp.6-8, <i>Guiding and inspiring performance through a
service strategy</i>, <i>Customer Service Management Magazine</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Davidow, WH., & Uttal, B., 1989, <i>Total
Customer Service: The Ultimate Weapon</i>, Harper and Row Publishers, New York.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Deshpande, R, JU., & Webster Jr,
FE., 1993, pp.23-27, <i>Corporate culture,
customer orientation, and innovativeness in Japanese firms: A quadrad analysis</i>,
<i>Journal of Marketing</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Grönroos, C., 2001, <i>Service
Management and Marketing: A Customer Relationship Management Approach</i>, 2nd
edn, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Hart, CW., & Johnson, MD.,
1999, pp.9-19, <i>Growing the trust relationship</i>, <i>Marketing Management</i>,
Spring. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Heskett, JL. & Sasser Jr, WE., 1997,
<i>The Service Profit Chain</i>, The Free Press, New York. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></span></span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h1 style="background-color: #f7f7f5; border-bottom-color: rgb(216, 216, 216); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #444444; font-family: OswaldRegular; font-size: 28px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px;">
About Us</h1>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Sample Assignment has been serving students across the globe for over a decade now, not only with academic assignments, also assisting the students excel in their academics.</div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Being the fastest growing online assignment writing service providers globally, We help you with all kinds of homework, coursework, proposals, dissertations, thesis, essays, reviews, projects, presentations, book reports, case studies, article writing etc. Our experienced researchers are from varied academic backgrounds and cover various topics from all fields of study. We have space for everyone – from a student struggling in K- 12 to a PhD research scholar. With immense exposure in different universities and colleges around the world, our team understands the explicit academic culture and the demands placed by the teachers and professors on the students. Once you submit your assignment, be rest assured that we would follow the stated guidelines and specifications, delivering the right solutions straight to your inbox in time. Our high quality customized assignment help is appreciated and is much sought after, by the student community the world over.</div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
We all understand how tough a student’s life can get. Being a student you need more than 36 hours in a day to be able to do all that you need to do. This is where we pitch in. Our guidance and timely assistance can help you cope with the extreme pressures of academia. When you are struggling and have no time and energy to compete and survive that is where we help you acquire better grades, making you feel stress free and relaxed.</div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Our encouraging experts would not only provide you with the online assignment help but would also guide you through the confusing maze in which you find yourself at times. Needless to say, our work is plagiarism free. Be it homework assignment help for school students, coursework, assignment writing help for graduates, project writing assistance for research level students needed for their challenging thesis and dissertations, trust us - we are there for you.</div>
<h2 style="background-color: #9e0301; border-bottom-left-radius: 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px; border-top-left-radius: 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px; color: white; font-family: OswaldRegular; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; width: 70px;">
Mission</h2>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
The objective of Sample Assignment is to create viable opportunities for the Students by helping them out in their academics. Our model assignments and papers can be used by the Students in their research work and also for gaining exposure in their relevant fields. We work closely with our clients in order to ensure 100% satisfaction every single time our services are used.</div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; text-indent: -22.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"></span></div>
<div class="call" style="background-color: #f7f7f5; float: left; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 18px; margin-top: 15px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify; width: 1000px;">
Call us at +61 401 358 795 or mail us at: <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com" style="color: #950100; text-decoration: none;">info@sampleassignment.com</a></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-42325465908034105152014-05-14T00:48:00.000-07:002014-05-14T00:48:05.425-07:00International Marketing Sample Assignment<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432774"><span lang="EN-GB">Abstract</span></a><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoTocHeading">
<span lang="EN-GB"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Siemens AG organisation is a global business enterprise with its base in Germany and employs over 450,000 employees worldwide. The organization is a whopping 162 years old and covers different business sectors like Energy, Transportation, Financial Services, Domestic Appliances, Automation and control to name a few. It is multinational and operates across 190 separate nation states. The organization specialises in providing both products and services. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the challenges which the company faces pertaining to the international business environment. The report covers all the dimensions of the international marketing process including strategies, pricing, entry modes and management of employees. The report ends with a brief conclusion that ties the contents of the report together (Advameg 2009).</span></div>
<div class="MsoTocHeading">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoTocHeading">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoTocHeading">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Table
of Contents<o:p></o:p></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; font-size: 11.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><w:sdtpr></w:sdtpr></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc1" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432774"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">Introduction</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432774 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">2<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700370034000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432775"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sub Task 1 International Marketing Environment</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;"> </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432775 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">2<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700370035000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432776"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">1.1 Nature of growing global market environment</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;"> </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432776 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">2<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700370036000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432777"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">1.2 Significance of cross cultural differences</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432777 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">2<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700370037000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432778"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sub Task 2 International Marketing Planning Process</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432778 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">3<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700370038000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432779"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">2.1 Importance of project management techniques</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432779 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">3<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700370039000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432780"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">2.2 Different stages of International marketing development</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;"> </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432780 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">3<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380030000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432781"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">2.3 Market Entry strategic alternatives</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432781 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">4<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380031000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432782"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">2.4 Impact of adopting different generic strategies in
different geographic locations</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432782 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">4<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380032000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432783"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">2.5 Importance of Market Research</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432783 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">4<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380033000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432784"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sub Task 3 International Marketing Mix</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432784 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">4<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380034000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432785"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">3.1 Difference in the product and pricing strategies in
country specific markets</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432785 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">4<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380035000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432786"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">3.2 Electronic Marketing in the international business
environment</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;"> </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432786 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">5<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380036000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432787"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">3.3 Delivery element and its significance</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432787 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">5<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380037000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432788"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sub Task 4 Application of frameworks to International
marketing opportunities</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432788 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">5<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380038000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432789"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">4.1 Planning Models used in respect to marketing</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432789 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">5<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700380039000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432790"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">4.2 Examination of competitive strategies in respect to
International Marketing</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432790 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">6<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700390030000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc2" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432791"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sub Task 5 Management of International Marketing Operations</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432791 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">6<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700390031000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432792"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">5.1 Managing the Human Resources in International Marketing
Process</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432792 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">6<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700390032000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432793"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">5.2 Assessment of process for setting up and managing
overseas operations</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432793 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">6<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700390033000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc3" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432794"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">5.3 Analysis of methods of Finance, Payment, Investment in
trade</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432794 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">6<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700390034000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc1" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432795"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">Methodology</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432795 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">7<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700390035000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc1" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432796"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">Conclusion</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432796 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">7<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700390036000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoToc1" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: right dotted 467.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="file:///E:/Office/Mahesh%20Kolhe/Assignment%202/International%20Marketing%20Assignment.docx#_Toc365432797"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;">References</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1 dotted;">. </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> PAGEREF _Toc365432797 \h <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: windowtext; display: none; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-hide: screen; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">8<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:data>08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003300360035003400330032003700390037000000</w:data>
</xml><![endif]--></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:windowtext;display:none;mso-hide:screen;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h2>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432775"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Sub
Task 1 International Marketing Environment</span></a></h2>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432776"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">1.1
Nature of growing global market environment</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The contemporary
business environment is marked with increasing amount of globalisation. With an
advent of <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>nearly a technological
revolution being created by social networking websites, the customers are
connecting with each other at a very rapid pace. The same analogy also applies
to businesses that are fiercely impacted by the increasing pressure of globalisation
(<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Geert Hofstede 2009).</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The nature of
the operations are bound to be changed when international boundaries are
concerned. While operating in the local economy, the marketers can make use of local
national celebrities to add a degree of appeal to their marketing communication
campaign. However, this would yield minimal result if they carry out the same
message to the global audience (Arabian Business 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432777"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">1.2
Significance of cross cultural differences</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The primary
challenge that is faced by the international marketers relates to the
differences in the perceptions of the customers as it varies significantly from
place to place. As an example the customers for Siemens AG organisation might
prefer a push strategy through the use of aggressive marketing initiatives in
United Kingdom, the same might not be the case in Brazil where the customers
are accustomed to a pull strategy. The third world countries are believed to be
more technologically developed relative to the Asian counterparts; hence
technologies like 4G might be common in United Kingdom but is still a
relatively newer concept in Sri Lanka. Hence, Siemens cannot launch the same
mobile Smartphone which supports 4G technology in Sri Lanka (Central
Intelligence Agency 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">There are
various influences when international boundaries are concerned. The major
points include differences in different legal policies for setting up different
businesses. There can be changes in the trends of the market contingent upon
their respective culture and preferences (Index Mundi 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432778"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Sub
Task 2 International Marketing Planning Process</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432779"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">2.1
Importance of project management techniques</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The entry to a
new country to launch a product or a service is always considered to be a new
project by Siemens AG organisation. This helps them to identify the salient
critical factors of each different country in a viable manner. Since the
requirements of the different country vary in their respective nature, there is
a greater need to apply project management techniques. Siemens AG organisation
also deploys separate managers to help them get expertise of experience from specialised
managers (Lowtax 2009).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432780"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">2.2
Different stages of International marketing development</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">There are
different stages of International Marketing which are namely:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Geocentric</span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">: The same products are offered to all parts of the
words and no relevance is given to customization. ‘Siemens AG organisation One’
closely follows this stage of international marketing (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Malhotra 2010).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Ethnocentric</span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">: This type of International Marketing development
relates to considering domestic market as superior to other countries and the
trends in the domestic market are forced to be adapted by the consumers of the
other parts of the world as well. Siemens AG organisation does not follow this
at all (Nationmaster 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Polycentric</span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">: In this type, each different has its own
headquarters set up and there is hardly any relation seen with the other
countries where the company may be operational. Siemens AG organisation also
does not follow this notion and believes that all the operations are handled
through their base (<span style="color: black;">Pippa Sanderson 2009).</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432781"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">2.3
Market Entry strategic alternatives</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">It can be
potentially possible that a particular company has a very strong domestic
market owing to the fact that they have been producing a product right from the
very beginning. It becomes a real challenge to pose as a competitor for such a
company. Hence, it would be more beneficial for Siemens AG organisation to get
into a strategic alliance with that company (US Department of State 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432782"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">2.4
Impact of adopting different generic strategies in different geographic
locations</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The choice of
the adoption of a generic strategy depends upon the cultural forces that are
prevalent in a specific country. The scope of the completion and the existence
and the preferences of the customers allow the senior management to base their
decision whether to adopt a differentiation strategy or to adopt a cost
effective strategy. Also, whether they should change their existing products or
not is also considered. And if they do decide to change it, by what degree they
should their existing product (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hoffer
2001).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432783"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">2.5
Importance of Market Research</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The senior
management is expected to carry out a thorough analysis of the preferences of
different cultures and countries. Hence, before taking a decision of entering a
new market, international marketers at Siemens AG organisation often create a
Country Notebook which points out the diminutive aspects pertaining to the
culture of a specific country and includes things like ethnic groups present,
mannerism, likes and preferences so that they have beforehand information and
they can offer products that is acceptable by the people of a particular
country (WTO 2006).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432784"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Sub
Task 3 International Marketing Mix</span></a></h2>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432785"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">3.1
Difference in the product and pricing strategies in country specific markets</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">There are
differences in the currencies of different countries. Hence, Siemens AG
organisation resorts to using the Big Mac Index to know the exact value of a product.
Over pricing or under pricing the product or service can prove to be
detrimental to the success of an organisation. Hence, it is recommended that
the prices of similar products and substitutes are checked before fixing up a
price for an offering in a new country. Also, the company should be flexible
enough to change the price if they feel that the price at which it was initially
launched is not conducive to the market (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jerome 1995).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432786"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">3.2
Electronic Marketing in the international business environment</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">With an advent
of a nearly technological revolution being created by social networking
websites, the customers are connecting with each other at a very rapid pace.
The same analogy also applies to businesses that are fiercely impacted by the
increasing pressure of globalisation. Hence, Siemens AG organisation makes it a
point to make the full potential use of electronic market to increase its
presence in the new markets (The Odora 2009).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432787"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">3.3
Delivery element and its significance</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">It is imperative
for an organization to understand the local infrastructure and maintain
contacts with the local suppliers to make the best utilization of the
provisions of the services. It is often recommended that the organization must
take help of the locals who can easily negotiate with the other locals on order
to get the job done in a stipulated time frame (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Macaulay 1995).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432788"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Sub
Task 4 Application of frameworks to International marketing opportunities</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432789"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">4.1
Planning Models used in respect to marketing</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">It is often
believed that the marketing principles should be kept highly flexible while
trying to capture an unknown market. This is because the changes in the legal
policies, social trends, changes in currency fluctuations are volatile in
nature and the organization under no circumstances is in a position to stick to
a rigid plan. The best way is to adopt learning by doing analogy where the
experience is gained by working in an economy rather than based on mere
speculation (The Odora 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432790"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">4.2
Examination of competitive strategies in respect to International Marketing</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">What worked in
one country is not very likely to work in another. Hence competitive strategies
are bound to differ in their scope and application contingent upon the nature
of the country specific region where it is being applied.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">While operating
in foreign conditions, it is also important to note that considering that they
are foreigners and do not have the knowledge of local conditions, there can be
people who can overcharge for simple service. Hence, the use of a local person
and his experience becomes crucial for a global organization (</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hemp 2002).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">There is also an
inherent risk involved by taking the service of such local personnel which is
that they might disclose the critical information to third parties for monetary
benefits as they do not have a vested interest in securing the information of
the company which can prove to cause severe damage to the organisation. Hence,
an organisation should only reveal specific information and should not blindly
trust anyone and reveal all the information to them (Visitabudhabi 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Patent Express 2009).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432791"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Sub
Task 5 Management of International Marketing Operations</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432792"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">5.1
Managing the Human Resources in International Marketing Process</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Managing the
Human Resources is among the biggest challenge that is faced by the
International Marketing managers. A common strategy is to hire a local
professional at a senior management level who understands the work ethics and
culture of a particular country comprehensively. The role of the organisation
than becomes to build good terms with that official and he manages all the
issues of the workforce related to that country. However, Siemens AG
organisation considers all its employees as internal customers and irrespective
of their origin and country, treats them equally (<span style="color: black;">Naseej-cyd
2008).</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432793"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">5.2
Assessment of process for setting up and managing overseas operations</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">While there are a
country where marketing products is a huge success, there are also examples
where networking and word of mouth publicity plays a crucial role. Hence, an
organisation needs to adapt to the nature of the market or economy where they
are operating in order to achieve their respective goals. It can be potentially
possible that a particular company has a very strong domestic market owing to
the fact that they have been producing a product right from the very beginning.
It becomes a real challenge to pose as a competitor for such a company. Hence,
it would be more beneficial for Siemens AG organisation to get into a strategic
alliance with that company (Khaleej Times 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432794"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">5.3
Analysis of methods of Finance, Payment, Investment in trade</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Siemens AG
organisation often gets into hedging contracts to prevent the losses from the
volatile nature of the currency fluctuations. The payment terms are also
contingent upon the preferences of the local market as they cannot expect to
undertake those methods which have worked for them in their domestic markets
(Gulf legal service 2008).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432795"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Methodology</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">This report has
made use of secondary data in the form of websites, academic journals, and
public libraries to get information about the Siemens AG organisation. While
some of the information has been taken from the brief case study that has been
used as the basis for this paper, the major part of the information has been
taken from other secondary sources mentioned above. The literature review has
not been conducted in this report. However, great amount of academic journals
were studied in order to understand the complex issue which relates to the
concept of International Marketing. The list of the Academic Journals has been
presented in the References section at the end of this report (Countries and
their cultures 2008).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Further, the
report has some limitations due to time constraint and lack of primary
investigation and sources. There is a tremendous scope for exploration in this
domain which can help the industry experts to learn from the exemplary
practices of International Marketing followed by Siemens AG organisation (</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.ecssr.ac.ae/CDA/en/ProfileBank/ViewProfile/0,1421,2656-00,00.html" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Awadhi</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc365432796"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Conclusion</span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The primary
objective of Siemens AG organisation is to be a leader in the field of
electrical engineering and electronics. It is learned by the virtue of this
report that Siemens AG organisation is a very customer oriented company. Even
though the business is operational worldwide, the objective remains to satisfy
the individual needs of the specific customers irrespective of their geographic
location (Advmeg 2009).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">This report makes
use of the International Marketing concepts and applies the same to the Siemens
AG organisation to understand and learn from their practices. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h1>
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc365432797;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">References</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Advameg, 2009, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Encyclopedia of the Nations”</i>, retrieved on
27<sup>th</sup> august 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/United-Arab-Emirates-TOPOGRAPHY.html"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/United-Arab-Emirates-TOPOGRAPHY.html</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Advmeg Inc,
2009, “Emirians”, retrieved on 27<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from
<http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Tajikistan-to-Zimbabwe/Emirians.html>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Arabian
Business, 2009, “Employee Relations (ER)”, retrieved on 26<sup>th</sup> August
2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.arabianbusiness.com/index.php?option=com_events&view=detail&evt_id=262"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.arabianbusiness.com/index.php?option=com_events&view=detail&evt_id=262</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.ecssr.ac.ae/CDA/en/ProfileBank/ViewProfile/0,1421,2656-00,00.html" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Awadhi</span></a></span><span class="bodytexttwosize10pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> A A, </span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">ECSSR, 2009, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Emirati
Society and Social Structure Change”,</i> retrieved on 25<sup>th</sup> August
2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.ecssr.ac.ae/CDA/en/FeaturedTopics/DisplayTopic/0,1670,656-0-64,00.html"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.ecssr.ac.ae/CDA/en/FeaturedTopics/DisplayTopic/0,1670,656-0-64,00.html</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Central
Intelligence Agency, 2009, “The WorldFact Book” retrieved on 20<sup>th</sup>
August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Countries and
their cultures, 2008, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">World Cultures: ”,</i>
retrieved on 27<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Tajikistanto-Zimbabwe/Emirians.html"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Tajikistanto-Zimbabwe/Emirians.html</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Geert Hofstede, 2009, “Geert Hofstede - Cultural dimension”, retrieved on
24<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_arab_world.shtml>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Gulf legal
service, 2008, retrieved on 26<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from < </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://gulf-law.com/uae_judicial.html"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://gulf-law.com/uae_judicial.html</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -22.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hemp, P 2002, ‘My week as a room-service waiter at the Ritz’, <i>Harvard
Business Review</i>, vol. 80, no. 6, pp. 50–62. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -22.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hoffer Gittel, J 2001, ‘Investing in relationships’, <i>Harvard
Business Review</i>, vol. 79, no. 6, pp. 28–30. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Index Mundi,
2009, retrieved on 27<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://indexmundi.com/g/g.aspx?v=27&c=tc&l=en"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://indexmundi.com/g/g.aspx?v=27&c=tc&l=en</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -22.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Jerome, L & Kleiner, BH 1995, ‘Employee morale and its impact
on service: What companies do to create a positive service experience’, <i>Managing
Service Quality</i>, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 21–25.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Khaleej Times,
2009, “Gold/Forex rates”, retrieved on 26<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.khaleejtimes.com/forex.asp"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.khaleejtimes.com/forex.asp</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Lowtax, 2009,
retrieved on 27<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.lowtax.net/lowtax/html/dubai/jdbdctx.html"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.lowtax.net/lowtax/html/dubai/jdbdctx.html</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: 22.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -22.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Macaulay, S & Cook S 1995, ‘Practical teamwork for customer
service’, <i>Team Performance Management An International Journal</i>, vol. 1,
issue 3, pp. 35–41. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Malhotra, N.K. (2010), “Marketing
Research: An Applied Orientation”, Sixth edition, Pearson Education, Upper
Saddle River.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Naseej-cyd,
2008, “Country Profile”, retrieved on 26<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.naseej-cyd.org/files/UAE_Profile_en.pdf"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.naseej-cyd.org/files/UAE_Profile_en.pdf</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Nationmaster,
2009, retrieved on 26<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/red/country/tc-united-arab-emirates/med-media&all=1"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.nationmaster.com/red/country/tc-united-arab-emirates/med-media&all=1</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Patent Express,
2009, “Filing patents and Trademarks in UAE”, retrieved on 26<sup>th</sup>
August 2013 from <span style="color: black;"><</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.patentexpress.com/patents/international_country.aspx?cn=uae"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.patentexpress.com/patents/international_country.aspx?cn=uae</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">>.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Pippa
Sanderson, 2009, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Living and Working in
Dubai”</i>, retrieved 27<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.justlanded.com/english/Dubai/Articles/Moving/Home-Life"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.justlanded.com/english/Dubai/Articles/Moving/Home-Life</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The Odora, 2009,
retrieved on 20<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/united_arab_emirates/united_arab_emirates_people.html"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/united_arab_emirates/united_arab_emirates_people.html</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">US Department of
State, 2009, ”United Arab Emirates –Profile”, retrieved on 20<sup>th</sup>
August 2013 from <http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5444.htm#political> .<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Visitabudhabi,
2009, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Language & Religion”, r</i>etrieved
21<sup>st</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.visitabudhabi.ae/en/uae.facts.and.figures/language.religion.aspx"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">http://www.visitabudhabi.ae/en/uae.facts.and.figures/language.religion.aspx</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<w:sdt docparttype="Table of Contents" docpartunique="t" id="5775221" sdtdocpart="t">
</w:sdt>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">WTO, 2006,
“Trade Policy Review”, retrieved on 26<sup>th</sup> August 2013 from <</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp263_crc_e.htm"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp263_crc_e.htm</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-large;"><span style="line-height: 18.399999618530273px;"><b><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/">www.sampleassignment.com</a></b></span></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<h1 style="background-color: #f7f7f5; border-bottom-color: rgb(216, 216, 216); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #444444; font-family: OswaldRegular; font-size: 28px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px;">
About Us</h1>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Sample Assignment has been serving students across the globe for over a decade now, not only with academic assignments, also assisting the students excel in their academics.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Being the fastest growing online assignment writing service providers globally, We help you with all kinds of homework, coursework, proposals, dissertations, thesis, essays, reviews, projects, presentations, book reports, case studies, article writing etc. Our experienced researchers are from varied academic backgrounds and cover various topics from all fields of study. We have space for everyone – from a student struggling in K- 12 to a PhD research scholar. With immense exposure in different universities and colleges around the world, our team understands the explicit academic culture and the demands placed by the teachers and professors on the students. Once you submit your assignment, be rest assured that we would follow the stated guidelines and specifications, delivering the right solutions straight to your inbox in time. Our high quality customized assignment help is appreciated and is much sought after, by the student community the world over.</div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
We all understand how tough a student’s life can get. Being a student you need more than 36 hours in a day to be able to do all that you need to do. This is where we pitch in. Our guidance and timely assistance can help you cope with the extreme pressures of academia. When you are struggling and have no time and energy to compete and survive that is where we help you acquire better grades, making you feel stress free and relaxed.</div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Our encouraging experts would not only provide you with the online assignment help but would also guide you through the confusing maze in which you find yourself at times. Needless to say, our work is plagiarism free. Be it homework assignment help for school students, coursework, assignment writing help for graduates, project writing assistance for research level students needed for their challenging thesis and dissertations, trust us - we are there for you.</div>
<h2 style="background-color: #9e0301; border-bottom-left-radius: 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px; border-top-left-radius: 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px; color: white; font-family: OswaldRegular; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; width: 70px;">
Mission</h2>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
The objective of Sample Assignment is to create viable opportunities for the Students by helping them out in their academics. Our model assignments and papers can be used by the Students in their research work and also for gaining exposure in their relevant fields. We work closely with our clients in order to ensure 100% satisfaction every single time our services are used.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
<div class="call" style="background-color: #f7f7f5; float: left; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 18px; margin-top: 15px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify; width: 1000px;">
Call us at +61 401 358 795 or mail us at: <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com" style="color: #950100; text-decoration: none;">info@sampleassignment.com</a></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-446949763842183620.post-5541997954675323362014-05-13T01:35:00.001-07:002014-05-13T01:35:56.688-07:00The Interrelationship between Language and Society<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> Since
time immemorial language has played a significant and indispensable role in the
origin and formation of many civilizations. It has been the most primary and
fundamental source of communication for the human civilisation ever since its
inception. From the primitive time, when mankind was evolving into smaller and
more classified groups of people, which led to the formation of civilizations,
clans, dynasties, classes, sects, etc., it was only language that influenced
the entire process of evolution (Braine et al, 1990). Language is dominant and
influential even to this date in all its diverse forms and features. Language
is the intangible, dominating and flexible witness to the passage of time which
has helped in giving an identity to many different groups that characterizes
the human society. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">This paper focuses on the
various aspects in which language shares an intimate bond with the society, how
it shapes the verbal skills and how it acts as a deciding factor to prove the
societal worth of a class or an individual. The references for this article
have been taken from various scholarly sources which include M. Danesi’s
“Linguistic Anthropology: A Brief Introduction”. All the arguments, perceptions and opinions
have been derived from this book which talks about various relevant relations
which exist between language and society (Braine, 1990). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The
Importance of Language in a Society<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The horizon of “language” is
not only limited to verbal communication but also includes written
documentation of events. However, when its significance is considered in the
society, more emphasis is given to its verbosity instead of its written forms.
The reason why language skills are directly related to the way a person
communicates is because it not only helps in identifying the speaker but also
contributes in analyzing his/her thoughts and ideologies. As human beings, communication
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a>with other members is done with the help of language. To
further elaborate the importance of language in the society, the help of a
specialized theory is taken which emphasizes on identifying the worth of the
subject by either comparing it with its opposite or by determining the
consequences of its absence (Pollatsek, 2008). To simplify things, we can
consider this statement as an example: “It is black because it is not white”.
In this statement, the presence of black is enhanced by the absence of white. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Similarly, the importance of language in a society can
be further delved upon by imagining how our society would function in its
absence. For example, it is language which helps us carry out our day-to-day
activities and helps us retain our stature as a social being. Had it not been
there, mankind would have been quite identical to a group of animals who
communicate with their own sounds which restrains them from socializing with
other beings that belong to a different species. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> According
to Pollatsek et al (2008), for us, as humans, it is relatively a simple affair
to make an acquaintance with a foreigner as we are aware of the fact that even
though the other person speaks a different tongue, he/she would at the least
use the primary means of communication, which is language. This finality of the
fact that human beings are entirely dependent on language makes it an
interesting field of study and analysis (Pollatsek et al, 2008). With the help
of language, we not only determine our own position in the society but we also
explore other cultures and societies which are different than our own in their
structure and characteristics but still follow the universal means of
communication. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Language
influences the Classes of our Society<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> In
the book “Linguistic Anthropology: A Brief Introduction”, the author talks
about how language plays an important role in determining the class of society
that the orator belongs to. According to him, language can be used as a
differentiator, or rather an “identifier” of people belonging to the upper
class, the middle class and the lower class (Pollatsek & Well, 1995). This
idea can be ascertained to be the ultimate truth with the help of realistic
examples. Even in the world of English literature, the difference in the
language skills of people belonging to different classes has been emphasized
upon. For example, in the novel “Hard Times” by Charles Dickens, the language
used by the protagonist, Thomas Gradgrind, who belongs to a utilitarian and
upper-class, is quite different from the one used by Stephen Blackpool, who
belongs to the working class and earns his living by working in the coal mines
(Eckert, 1994). The author has used a refined and polished language for the
former and a coarse version of the same language for the latter. And this is
one example which has been taken from a novel belonging to the 18<sup>th</sup>
century. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> Since
then, language has evolved to a great extent. However, it has still not lost
its characteristic feature of playing the role of an identifier and this is
quite evident even today when we are in the 21<sup>st</sup> century. The class
differentiation which can be identified with the help of language is still
evident in various cultures. For example, in India, the national language is
Hindi. However, this language is further divided into many dialects which are
adopted by many classes of the society. The type of Hindi that is used in
literature is the one that is spoken by the upper classes of the Indian
society; and the lower classes, which mainly reside in small towns and villages
have a language of their own, which is similar to Hindi but in a much distorted
way (Pollatsek et al, 2008). This very point has been elucidated by M. Danesi
in his book wherein he has emphasized on the use of “ing” as opposed to “in”,
to express a word in present-continuous tense, as a determinant of classes. The
use of “ing” has been attributed to the upper class whereas the use of “in” has
been attributed to the lower class or the working class. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Language
influences Gender in a Society<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> In
his book “The Awful German Language”, the author Mark Twain has emphasized on
the way the Germans differentiate between the masculine and feminine aspects of
a subject with the help of language. He has quoted an example which states that
in the German language, a “wife”, who is apparently a female figure and thereby
needs to addressed in the feminine form, loses her gender and becomes a neuter,
which means that the lady can now be referred to as “it” instead of “she”.
However, this is only an example pertaining to one language (Braine, 1990). We
will now see how language plays a significant role in determining gender in
other languages as well. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> As
discussed by M. Danesi, the gender aspect of the society is inherent in its
language structure. The author has emphasized on this point with the help of an
example which he derived after conducting a survey wherein it was concluded
that men use profanities more than women do and they are more blunt and
straightforward while expressing their opinions as compared to their female
counterparts (Pollatsek et al, 2008). This derivation can be stated to be true
as it is a well-known fact that the language used by women are a reflection of
their social status and the stereotype qualities which are attributed to their
gender. In a patriarchal society, women are expected to be coy and demure in
their countenance which is why their eloquence is seldom flamboyant or rude
(Pollatsek & Well, 1995). Even when they express an intense emotion, they
do with caution, choosing their words carefully and steering clear of extreme
expressions like profanities and authoritative statements. Men on the other
hand belong to the dominating segment of the society which is quite evident in
their speech. It is a rare occurrence to find a man who speaks in a “womanly”
fashion. Their form of speech is assertive, authoritative and commanding, and
they rarely find it necessary to speak differently. Also, their manner of
speech is further influenced by the ideologies that they harbor in a
patriarchal society which does not restrain them from talking about sensitive
issues. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> Apart
from the manner of speech, language is also an integral factor in determining
the gender of the speaker as it accommodates various versions of the same word
in accordance to the gender of the speaker. If we take an example from M.
Danesi’s book, the author has focused upon the Koasati language spoken in
Louisiana, where the word “lifting” is pronounced differently be men and women.
For men, the Koasati version of “lifting” is “lawawhol” whereas for women it is
“lakawhos” (Pollatsek & Well, 1995). This example clearly states that
language is flexible enough to accommodate many versions of the same word in
order to sustain the classification of gender in the human society. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> According
to Eckert (1988), this concept is less evident in the English language where
the classification of gender is limited to the use of “He”, “She”, “Her”,
“His”, etc. In the English language, the verb remains the same for both the
genders. On the contrary, there are many foreign languages, like Hindi, where
even the verb is changes according to the gender of the speaker. So when you
read a script in this language, you will get to know the gender of the speaker
just by identifying the use of words. The use of such words in the masculine
and feminine form however does not affect the manner of speech (Braine et al,
1990). The way of talking is universal for every language, wherein the women
portray submissive characteristic and the men are more prone to display a dominating
character. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Language influences an Event in our Society<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> Yet
another sector wherein language acts as a predominant factor is the occurrence
of an event or the advent of a circumstance. This refers to the diverse forms
of language skills that we adapt to in order to be able to suit the occasion
(Eckert, 1988). For example, we adapt a formal way of speech when we appear for
an interview or attend a meeting, and recline to a much simpler and casual
manner of speech when we are amidst the people we are more comfortable with.
This adaptation is sometimes a natural phenomenon which human beings are made
aware of by the society they associate themselves with. For example, a child
who is yet unaware of the complexities of the society naturally tends to speak
formally with strangers as opposed to friends or family members. Here, language
is used as a determinant for the need of the hour (Braine et al, 1990).
Adapting to a formal way of speaking to meet the requirements of a particular
occasion does not mean that we lose our original manner of speech. This is only
a temporary variation which every person has to inculcate in order to be able
to be considered fit for the society (Pollatsek et al, 1995). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Language,
Meaning and Society <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">There are various levels of human experience at which
classification exists with regard to language, the physical world and the
society where we belong. The classifiers of linguistics are the only
classifiers, however, which are the most social language categorization. Natural
categories in the society exist such as noun, verb, head and non-head languages
but in addition the physical world also consists of categories that are
prototypes and terms of colors. These remain incomplete without relating them
to the categories of society mostly the ones discussed by Durkheim and Mauss.
Between any of the forces, individually or distinctly to make a causal
relationship becomes difficult. It was a claim of Chomsky that the organ of
language provides humans with syntactic analogues that are viewed in the world.
The capability of biological aspects for language consists of entailment of
categories interacting between the brain of humans and the world. The reliance
of this view on what has been said by Deacon has been termed as the theory of
hopeful monster. The same becomes unsatisfactory as the theory is simply random
and also not predictable. The organ theory of language on the other hand, as
portrayed by Deacon serves as a holder of place of all that which cannot be
learned. There is no explanation provided for the same and the categorical
thought origin is ignored attributing to the black box ability and thus, cannot
be known as a theory of ideal form (Eckert et al, 1988). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Now, in its most applicable form it can be said that
there is a connection between language and the society and this relationship is
completely motivated by cultural motivation. The same can be explained from the
overt structure of languages such as Dyirbal. This system of language structure
is an Australian language of Aboriginals spoken by the Australia natives that
are now rapidly decreasing in number. On analysing the language structure of
Dyirbal it was formulated that an arbitrary classification can be revealed from
the same resulting into development of various groups. First group is the bayi
containing men and animals, next is the balan which is specific to women, birds
and things of danger, third is the balam containing edible plants and goods of
Europe and lastly is the bala group marking everything in totality that exists.
All these coming together derive a new language structure that related the
society and deciphers that society and the language structure have a
co-relation which exists in association to each of them. Sometimes the
relationship is culturally motivated and sometimes the relationship is
motivated with regard to gender in the society. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Approach
combination <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The studies of nomothetic approach suggest that the
society structure has an effect of the language structure which has a use
within it. The approach nomothetic aspect is a tool of power especially when
testable hypothesis has to be generated which are not possibly applicable in
the live world. However, various studies have also revealed that age is not the
only factor that may have an influence on the relationship between language
structure and the structure of society (Braine et al, 1990). The phonemic
diversity and gender are other factors of association. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Studies have argued that language of humans gets
adapted more than the thoughts and that the common and simpler the structure of
language, the faster becomes its survival in the world. Thinking traditionally
is that which makes way to the development of language with regard to changes
at random and the drift in histories. An example can be quoted here of English
and Turkish that are two very diverse and different languages especially when
comparing them on the basis of their histories separating them from time and
space. Since several years, the reigning assumption has been on the linguistic
science. But before any other notion, lies the important fact that there exists
a striking relationship between property of demographics of a language such as
the complex grammar and the language of population spread widely (Eckert et al,
1994).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> To conclude,
it would not be incorrect to admit that the relation between language and
society is too evident too be overlooked. On the contrary, the deeper we delve
into one, the more insight we will attain about the other. These two factors
not only influence each other but they are also interdependent. The demise or
extinction of a society could mean the death of a particular language and
vice-versa. So we can hereby conclude that language and society are two aspects
that sustain the survival of mankind as social beings (Eckert et al, 1988). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 33.6pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 33.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-add-space: auto; mso-para-margin-bottom: 2.8gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: 2.8gd; text-align: justify;">
<b style="line-height: 200%;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">References</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 33.6pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 33.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-add-space: auto; mso-para-margin-bottom: 2.8gd; mso-para-margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: 2.8gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Braine, M. D. S., Brody, R. E., Brooks, P. J.,
Sudhalter, V., Ross, J. A., Catalano, L., & Fisch, S. M. (1990). Exploring
Language acquisition in children with a miniature artificial language: Effects
of item and pattern frequency, arbitrary subclasses and correction. Journal of
Memory and Language, 29, 591–610.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 33.6pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 33.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-add-space: auto; mso-para-margin-bottom: 2.8gd; mso-para-margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: 2.8gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Eckert, P. (1988). Adolescent Social Structure And
The Spread Of Linguistic Change. Language in Society, 17(02), 183.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 33.6pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 33.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-add-space: auto; mso-para-margin-bottom: 2.8gd; mso-para-margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: 2.8gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Eckert, C. (1994). The epistemology of language
structure and Society. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 33.6pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 33.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-add-space: auto; mso-para-margin-bottom: 2.8gd; mso-para-margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: 2.8gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pollatsek, A., & Well, A. D. (1995). The
evolution of culture: Language and society. Journal of Experimental Psychology,
21, 785–794.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 33.6pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 33.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-add-space: auto; mso-para-margin-bottom: 2.8gd; mso-para-margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: 2.8gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pollatsek, A., & Well, A. D. (2008). Cultural
evolution: implications for understanding the human language faculty and its
evolution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological
Sciences, 363 (1509), 3591-3603.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 33.6pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 33.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-add-space: auto; mso-para-margin-bottom: 2.8gd; mso-para-margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: 2.8gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 200%;"><b><a href="http://www.sampleassignment.com/"><span style="font-size: large;">www.sampleassignment.com</span></a></b></span></div>
<h1 style="background-color: #f7f7f5; border-bottom-color: rgb(216, 216, 216); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #444444; font-family: OswaldRegular; font-size: 28px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px;">
About Us</h1>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Sample Assignment has been serving students across the globe for over a decade now, not only with academic assignments, also assisting the students excel in their academics.</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 33.6pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 33.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-add-space: auto; mso-para-margin-bottom: 2.8gd; mso-para-margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: 2.8gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Being the fastest growing online assignment writing service providers globally, We help you with all kinds of homework, coursework, proposals, dissertations, thesis, essays, reviews, projects, presentations, book reports, case studies, article writing etc. Our experienced researchers are from varied academic backgrounds and cover various topics from all fields of study. We have space for everyone – from a student struggling in K- 12 to a PhD research scholar. With immense exposure in different universities and colleges around the world, our team understands the explicit academic culture and the demands placed by the teachers and professors on the students. Once you submit your assignment, be rest assured that we would follow the stated guidelines and specifications, delivering the right solutions straight to your inbox in time. Our high quality customized assignment help is appreciated and is much sought after, by the student community the world over.</div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
We all understand how tough a student’s life can get. Being a student you need more than 36 hours in a day to be able to do all that you need to do. This is where we pitch in. Our guidance and timely assistance can help you cope with the extreme pressures of academia. When you are struggling and have no time and energy to compete and survive that is where we help you acquire better grades, making you feel stress free and relaxed.</div>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
Our encouraging experts would not only provide you with the online assignment help but would also guide you through the confusing maze in which you find yourself at times. Needless to say, our work is plagiarism free. Be it homework assignment help for school students, coursework, assignment writing help for graduates, project writing assistance for research level students needed for their challenging thesis and dissertations, trust us - we are there for you.</div>
<h2 style="background-color: #9e0301; border-bottom-left-radius: 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px; border-top-left-radius: 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px; color: white; font-family: OswaldRegular; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; width: 70px;">
Mission</h2>
<div style="background-color: #f7f7f5; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify;">
The objective of Sample Assignment is to create viable opportunities for the Students by helping them out in their academics. Our model assignments and papers can be used by the Students in their research work and also for gaining exposure in their relevant fields. We work closely with our clients in order to ensure 100% satisfaction every single time our services are used.</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 33.6pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 33.6pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-add-space: auto; mso-para-margin-bottom: 2.8gd; mso-para-margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: 2.8gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"></span></div>
<div class="call" style="background-color: #f7f7f5; float: left; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 18px; margin-top: 15px; padding: 4px 0px 10px; text-align: justify; width: 1000px;">
Call us at +61 401 358 795 or mail us at: <a href="mailto:info@sampleassignment.com" style="color: #950100; text-decoration: none;">info@sampleassignment.com</a></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14505334775323374053noreply@blogger.com0